Are you thinking about purchasing an air fryer as your next small kitchen appliance? Or perhaps you have one but are unsure of its many uses. Mark your calendar for Wednesday, Sept. 2 and join us at the Great Bend Activity Center, 2715 18th Street, for a free educational program titled, “Healthy Air Fryer Cooking.” Jen Webster, Pawnee County Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent, will share her tips for using an air fryer successfully. This busy mom and Extension educator is excited about the versatility of this small appliance that can cut out some of the fat that is used in traditional cooking methods.

I have resisted purchasing an air fryer so far. After all, I have enough things taking up space on my kitchen counter without adding another small appliance. I have received numerous questions about using an air fryer, so I am happy that Jen accepted my invitation to share her experiences preparing food in an air fryer.

So what is an air fryer? An air fryer does not fry food like deep frying or pan frying does – it is more like oven fried. It is basically a little hot air chamber convection oven. It cooks a little faster, distributes heat more evenly, and suspends food in a perforated basket. It can really speed things up, allowing a person to prepare good food quickly.

Most air fryers do not need to preheat, so that saves time. They also cook food quickly, so in warmer climates, they won’t heat up the kitchen the way the oven can. Basically anything you can bake you can make in an air fryer. Various meats are cooked to a perfect temperature, and they remain juicy and tender. Air fryers are also great for cooking most vegetables. A light spritz of olive oil will help your veggies to brown and become crispy. Most veggies are done in under 10 minutes according to my sources.

I heard Jen share that air fryers are also great for reheating leftovers, especially pizza. It revives it and makes it crispy. Jen will share some of her favorite foods to prepare in her air fryer. Her presentation will also include features to keep in mind if you are in the market to purchase an air fryer.

The program Wednesday is free and open to everyone. I hope to see you there!

Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District – Great Bend office. You may reach her at: (620) 793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141404420.png" alt="Donna Krug" />
 <figcaption>Donna Krug</figcaption>
 </figure>Are you thinking about purchasing an air fryer as your next small kitchen appliance? Or perhaps you have one but are unsure of its many uses. Mark your calendar for Wednesday, Sept. 2 and join us at the Great Bend Activity Center, 2715 18th Street, for a free educational program titled, “Healthy Air Fryer Cooking.” Jen Webster, Pawnee County Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent, will share her tips for using an air fryer successfully. This busy mom and Extension educator is excited about the versatility of this small appliance that can cut out some of the fat that is used in traditional cooking methods.I have resisted purchasing an air fryer so far. After all, I have enough things taking up space on my kitchen counter without adding another small appliance. I have received numerous questions about using an air fryer, so I am happy that Jen accepted my invitation to share her experiences preparing food in an air fryer.So what is an air fryer? An air fryer does not fry food like deep frying or pan frying does – it is more like oven fried. It is basically a little hot air chamber convection oven. It cooks a little faster, distributes heat more evenly, and suspends food in a perforated basket. It can really speed things up, allowing a person to prepare good food quickly.Most air fryers do not need to preheat, so that saves time. They also cook food quickly, so in warmer climates, they won’t heat up the kitchen the way the oven can. Basically anything you can bake you can make in an air fryer. Various meats are cooked to a perfect temperature, and they remain juicy and tender. Air fryers are also great for cooking most vegetables. A light spritz of olive oil will help your veggies to brown and become crispy. Most veggies are done in under 10 minutes according to my sources.I heard Jen share that air fryers are also great for reheating leftovers, especially pizza. It revives it and makes it crispy. Jen will share some of her favorite foods to prepare in her air fryer. Her presentation will also include features to keep in mind if you are in the market to purchase an air fryer.The program Wednesday is free and open to everyone. I hope to see you there!Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District – Great Bend office. You may reach her at: (620) 793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

KRUG: Healthy Air Fryer Cooking program set

written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District

The Cottonwood Extension District will be hosting a Grain Sorghum Plot Field Day in Barton County on Monday, August 31st beginning at 9:00 a.m. It is located 1.75 miles North of Hoisington on Susank Road.

Seed Company representatives will be on-hand to discuss their sorghum hybrids. Extension Agronomy specialists Lucas Haag will discuss sorghum production practices. J.P. Michaud, Extension Entomologist will discuss insect issues.

Complimentary breakfast burritos and refreshments will be provided courtesy of the seed companies at 8:30 a.m.

All interested people are invited to attend. RSVP is requested by Friday, August 28th email Brenda bwalton@ksu.edu or call the Great Bend Office at 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/8/1598454361194.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension DistrictThe Cottonwood Extension District will be hosting a Grain Sorghum Plot Field Day in Barton County on Monday, August 31st beginning at 9:00 a.m. It is located 1.75 miles North of Hoisington on Susank Road.Seed Company representatives will be on-hand to discuss their sorghum hybrids. Extension Agronomy specialists Lucas Haag will discuss sorghum production practices. J.P. Michaud, Extension Entomologist will discuss insect issues.Complimentary breakfast burritos and refreshments will be provided courtesy of the seed companies at 8:30 a.m.All interested people are invited to attend. RSVP is requested by Friday, August 28th email Brenda bwalton@ksu.edu or call the Great Bend Office at 620-793-1910.

Grain Sorghum Plot Field Day – Cottonwood District

written by: Berny Unruh - Cottonwood Extension District

What parent does not want the best for their child? All parents also want their children to do well in school. The best time to set a plan in motion is at the beginning of the school year. One of the most important things to do is approach all school work with a positive outlook.

Kathleen A. Olson, Extension educator in family relations from the University of Minnesota suggests setting aside a regular time and place for homework. Help your child with their homework but do not do it for them.

Olson shared these other guidelines for a successful problem-solving approach to school and homework.

1. Set an example by working on something of your own during the time set aside for homework. Encourage them to ask questions and even think out loud to help them solve a problem. It is important that your child knows that you are available for them.

2. Ask your child questions about his homework. Perhaps they could do a problem for you or describe what they’ve been reading. Then, when your child needs help, your goal should be to help them do it themselves. Help them find information. Ask lots of questions. Don’t be afraid to say, "I don’t know." Remember: you’re a guide and a support to your child.

3. An assignment may be overwhelming to your child. Help your child break the assignment down and help him identify the steps needed to complete the homework.

4. Assist your child with technology. If you have access to a computer, work together so you know what they are doing.

5. If you can’t physically be available, you can still set aside a time and place and check on their homework when you get a chance.

6. Encourage children to think of their homework as their job. The biggest part of the job is to learn.

It is the parent’s job to help their child develop a system to keep track of assignments and projects. Many schools use an electronic system for parents to track their students’ progress, but don’t forget to look for paper notes and other information that may come home in their backpack. It needs to be checked every day to make sure you don’t miss anything

Don’t forget to recognize your child for work that is well done. Always encourage them and then praise them for papers that are complete and find a place to display work for everyone to see. With a little planning and implementation of some time management tools, you and your child will have a successful school year.

Berny Unruh is the Family and Community Wellness Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. She can be reached at 785-628-9430 or at bunruh@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/4/1588274071306.jpeg" alt="Berny Unruh is Family and Community Wellness agent for the Cottonwood Extension District." />
 <figcaption>Berny Unruh is Family and Community Wellness agent for the Cottonwood Extension District.</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Berny Unruh - Cottonwood Extension DistrictWhat parent does not want the best for their child? All parents also want their children to do well in school. The best time to set a plan in motion is at the beginning of the school year. One of the most important things to do is approach all school work with a positive outlook.Kathleen A. Olson, Extension educator in family relations from the University of Minnesota suggests setting aside a regular time and place for homework. Help your child with their homework but do not do it for them.Olson shared these other guidelines for a successful problem-solving approach to school and homework.1. Set an example by working on something of your own during the time set aside for homework. Encourage them to ask questions and even think out loud to help them solve a problem. It is important that your child knows that you are available for them.2. Ask your child questions about his homework. Perhaps they could do a problem for you or describe what they’ve been reading. Then, when your child needs help, your goal should be to help them do it themselves. Help them find information. Ask lots of questions. Don’t be afraid to say, "I don’t know." Remember: you’re a guide and a support to your child.3. An assignment may be overwhelming to your child. Help your child break the assignment down and help him identify the steps needed to complete the homework.4. Assist your child with technology. If you have access to a computer, work together so you know what they are doing.5. If you can’t physically be available, you can still set aside a time and place and check on their homework when you get a chance.6. Encourage children to think of their homework as their job. The biggest part of the job is to learn.It is the parent’s job to help their child develop a system to keep track of assignments and projects. Many schools use an electronic system for parents to track their students’ progress, but don’t forget to look for paper notes and other information that may come home in their backpack. It needs to be checked every day to make sure you don’t miss anythingDon’t forget to recognize your child for work that is well done. Always encourage them and then praise them for papers that are complete and find a place to display work for everyone to see. With a little planning and implementation of some time management tools, you and your child will have a successful school year.Berny Unruh is the Family and Community Wellness Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. She can be reached at 785-628-9430 or at bunruh@ksu.edu.

UNRUH: How to handle homework

written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District

A Kansas State University agricultural economist has completed an exhaustive study on hedging cattle prices, which he says could help producers manage their economic risks – perhaps especially so in times of crisis.

Brian Coffey looked at the average price of steers and heifers sold in Kansas between 2010 and June 2020 to determine if hedging – a strategy to lock in prices using futures markets – is a reliable strategy for selling live cattle.

“One thing that came out of this will be surprising to a lot of people,” Coffey said. “If we look just at the average price that live cattle would have been sold for from 2010 to 2020, the hedged prices are lower, but they are only 48 cents per hundredweight (cwt) lower than unhedged sales, on average. In other words, the risk-management benefits of hedging come at a fairly lower cost per hundredweight, on average.

“A lot of times, people have in mind that to get the risk-management benefit of hedging, you take a pretty big hit on expected average returns. But over the long term, we’re just not seeing that.”

Hedging helps to protect against adverse price changes in the markets by allowing a producer who is feeding cattle to establish an approximate selling price now and be protected if prices decline by the time they market those animals later.

“In given weeks or months, you can definitely give up potential gains in some of those extreme times when cash prices rally unexpectedly,” Coffey said. “But you also avoid extreme losses in weeks or months when cash prices decline unexpectedly.”

Coffey notes that more detailed information on hedging is available at&nbsp;<a href="https://agmanager.info/">AgManager.info</a>, a website managed by the K-State Department of Agricultural Economics.

In his study, Coffey assumed a feeding period of 160 days while comparing what a producer might have earned on live cattle sales had they hedged those sales instead.

“Basically what I assumed was that a producer would hedge cattle immediately upon placement, then immediately lift the hedge when those live cattle are priced or sold,” he said. “It’s a very disciplined and systematic hedging routine.”

While he found a slight average-price decrease when hedging during normal times, Coffey said hedging can provide huge benefits when disaster hits the industry – such as has happened twice in the past year.

In Fall 2019, a fire destroyed a packing plant owned by Tyson Fresh Meats in Holcomb, Kansas, which had a daily capacity of 6,000 head – or about 6% of the United States’ slaughter capacity.

Coffey compared live cattle prices for 23 weeks, between July and October 2019 to see what impact hedging would have had on producers’ profits.

“What I saw was the hedged price, on average, was about $10 per cwt higher,” he said. “If someone was marketing fed cattle week after week through that same time period, having those cattle hedged was worth an extra $10 per cwt higher.”

Put another way, the average weekly value of gain for hedged cattle was $123 higher per head than for unhedged cattle.

More recently, Coffey also looked at the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, comparing prices between February 2020 and the end of June. Again, hedging proved to be a successful strategy during crisis.

“The hedged value of gain averaged about $221 per head higher,” Coffey said.

“The take-home lesson from both of those instances,” he said, “is that hedging can protect from scenarios that can, frankly, end a business. Hedging protects against catastrophic losses.”

Coffey’s full report, titled&nbsp;Hedging Kansas Live Cattle: A Summary of Outcomes over the Past 10 Years, is&nbsp;<a href="https://agmanager.info/">available online at Agmanager.info</a>.

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at&nbsp;aboor@ksu.edu&nbsp;or calling 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="Alicia Boor" />
 <figcaption>Alicia Boor</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension DistrictA Kansas State University agricultural economist has completed an exhaustive study on hedging cattle prices, which he says could help producers manage their economic risks – perhaps especially so in times of crisis.Brian Coffey looked at the average price of steers and heifers sold in Kansas between 2010 and June 2020 to determine if hedging – a strategy to lock in prices using futures markets – is a reliable strategy for selling live cattle.“One thing that came out of this will be surprising to a lot of people,” Coffey said. “If we look just at the average price that live cattle would have been sold for from 2010 to 2020, the hedged prices are lower, but they are only 48 cents per hundredweight (cwt) lower than unhedged sales, on average. In other words, the risk-management benefits of hedging come at a fairly lower cost per hundredweight, on average.“A lot of times, people have in mind that to get the risk-management benefit of hedging, you take a pretty big hit on expected average returns. But over the long term, we’re just not seeing that.”Hedging helps to protect against adverse price changes in the markets by allowing a producer who is feeding cattle to establish an approximate selling price now and be protected if prices decline by the time they market those animals later.“In given weeks or months, you can definitely give up potential gains in some of those extreme times when cash prices rally unexpectedly,” Coffey said. “But you also avoid extreme losses in weeks or months when cash prices decline unexpectedly.”Coffey notes that more detailed information on hedging is available at&nbsp;<a href="https://agmanager.info/">AgManager.info</a>, a website managed by the K-State Department of Agricultural Economics.In his study, Coffey assumed a feeding period of 160 days while comparing what a producer might have earned on live cattle sales had they hedged those sales instead.“Basically what I assumed was that a producer would hedge cattle immediately upon placement, then immediately lift the hedge when those live cattle are priced or sold,” he said. “It’s a very disciplined and systematic hedging routine.”While he found a slight average-price decrease when hedging during normal times, Coffey said hedging can provide huge benefits when disaster hits the industry – such as has happened twice in the past year.In Fall 2019, a fire destroyed a packing plant owned by Tyson Fresh Meats in Holcomb, Kansas, which had a daily capacity of 6,000 head – or about 6% of the United States’ slaughter capacity.Coffey compared live cattle prices for 23 weeks, between July and October 2019 to see what impact hedging would have had on producers’ profits.“What I saw was the hedged price, on average, was about $10 per cwt higher,” he said. “If someone was marketing fed cattle week after week through that same time period, having those cattle hedged was worth an extra $10 per cwt higher.”Put another way, the average weekly value of gain for hedged cattle was $123 higher per head than for unhedged cattle.More recently, Coffey also looked at the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, comparing prices between February 2020 and the end of June. Again, hedging proved to be a successful strategy during crisis.“The hedged value of gain averaged about $221 per head higher,” Coffey said.“The take-home lesson from both of those instances,” he said, “is that hedging can protect from scenarios that can, frankly, end a business. Hedging protects against catastrophic losses.”Coffey’s full report, titled&nbsp;Hedging Kansas Live Cattle: A Summary of Outcomes over the Past 10 Years, is&nbsp;<a href="https://agmanager.info/">available online at Agmanager.info</a>.Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at&nbsp;aboor@ksu.edu&nbsp;or calling 620-793-1910.

BOOR: Hedging cattle prices

written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District

If your garden is producing more fresh vegetables than you can work in to the daily menu plan you may want to consider freezing. Most vegetables need to be blanched before freezing to inactivate enzymes and protect their quality. This is done by water or steam blanching. Enzymes are a natural component of food. They work inside food and can change flavor, texture, color and nutrition. Blanching stops enzymes and protects the food from quality changes.

Occasionally I will get a call from someone who asks if blanching can be done in the microwave? Using the microwave may produce poor results. Due to uneven heating, the microwave may not completely inactivate enzymes. This results in off flavors, poor texture and loss of color. The microwave does not save time or energy.

To blanch vegetables correctly, briefly expose them to boiling water or steam. Then cool rapidly in ice water to stop cooking. Blanching destroys microorganisms on the vegetable surface and is essential for top-quality frozen vegetables.

For products like tomatoes you will notice that they will have a mushy texture when thawed and are suitable only for cooking in soups, stews and sauces. Tomatoes that are frozen raw become watery and can develop an off-flavor after a short time in the freezer. Tomatoes that are too ripe for safe canning but still sound and free from decay can be frozen safely.

If you are wanting to freeze sweet corn, it is important to preserve it as soon after harvest as possible for best quality. To prepare corn-on-the-cob for freezing: Blanch small ears (1 ¼ inches or less in diameter) 7 minutes in boiling water; medium-size ears (1 ¼ to 1 ½ inches) 9 minutes; and large ears (1 ½ inches or more) 11 minutes. Cool in several changes of ice cold water and drain. If desired, cut ears into uniform 4-, 6-, or 8-inch pieces and package in freezer bags or containers.

Be aware there is a significant difference between a plastic storage bag and plastic freezer bags. Make sure you are using the heavier freezer bags for best results.

Excellent reference bulletins for a variety of vegetables and fruits are available at: www.rrc.k-state.edu/preservation/freezing.html

A little work now to preserve the harvest will certainly be enjoyed and appreciated next winter! Call me if you have any questions.

Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent for K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574802720194.jpeg" alt="Donna Krug" />
 <figcaption>Donna Krug</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension DistrictIf your garden is producing more fresh vegetables than you can work in to the daily menu plan you may want to consider freezing. Most vegetables need to be blanched before freezing to inactivate enzymes and protect their quality. This is done by water or steam blanching. Enzymes are a natural component of food. They work inside food and can change flavor, texture, color and nutrition. Blanching stops enzymes and protects the food from quality changes.Occasionally I will get a call from someone who asks if blanching can be done in the microwave? Using the microwave may produce poor results. Due to uneven heating, the microwave may not completely inactivate enzymes. This results in off flavors, poor texture and loss of color. The microwave does not save time or energy.To blanch vegetables correctly, briefly expose them to boiling water or steam. Then cool rapidly in ice water to stop cooking. Blanching destroys microorganisms on the vegetable surface and is essential for top-quality frozen vegetables.For products like tomatoes you will notice that they will have a mushy texture when thawed and are suitable only for cooking in soups, stews and sauces. Tomatoes that are frozen raw become watery and can develop an off-flavor after a short time in the freezer. Tomatoes that are too ripe for safe canning but still sound and free from decay can be frozen safely.If you are wanting to freeze sweet corn, it is important to preserve it as soon after harvest as possible for best quality. To prepare corn-on-the-cob for freezing: Blanch small ears (1 ¼ inches or less in diameter) 7 minutes in boiling water; medium-size ears (1 ¼ to 1 ½ inches) 9 minutes; and large ears (1 ½ inches or more) 11 minutes. Cool in several changes of ice cold water and drain. If desired, cut ears into uniform 4-, 6-, or 8-inch pieces and package in freezer bags or containers.Be aware there is a significant difference between a plastic storage bag and plastic freezer bags. Make sure you are using the heavier freezer bags for best results.Excellent reference bulletins for a variety of vegetables and fruits are available at: www.rrc.k-state.edu/preservation/freezing.htmlA little work now to preserve the harvest will certainly be enjoyed and appreciated next winter! Call me if you have any questions.Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent for K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

KRUG: Prepping vegetables for freezing

written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District

I am continuing to read “Habitudes – For Career Ready Students; The Art of Preparing for a Career” by Dr. Tim Elmore. I like to take my time in reviewing the information in each chapter and reflecting on the lessons.

Important aspects of 4-H include belonging, mastery, independence, and generosity and we work toward these by providing engaged learning opportunities with caring and safe mentors. These opportunities provide youth with settings where they are included and build toward their future by developing skills and increasing their confidence.

My family is involved in cattle production and branding is a time-honored and important tool used in our business. The brand on our animal is a permanent mark that identifies to whom it belongs. I am sure that each you know business brands and have a reaction, positive or negative, to that brand. Once a brand develops a negative reputation, it takes a long time to recover. A positive history to a brand helps it to withstand many storms.

Dr. Elmore’s chapter on Brands and Labels speaks to understanding how our personal brand affects how others perceive us and how we need to be intentional in having a genuine brand.

Each of us builds a brand in the words we use, the behaviors we exhibit, the relationships we build. This brand follows us into our education and work worlds and can certainly have an impact, positive or negative, on how we are received. I will never be known as the smartest person in the room but have a reputation for having a positive outlook, being willing to listen and learn, to make decisions and own my mistakes, and to work hard. My brand is evidenced in everything I do!

I really appreciate Dr. Elmore’s information in this chapter when he notes, “It works a little like a toolbox. You carry an imaginary toolbox with you each day. You are filling it with knowledge, experiences, skills, and relationships that will make you more valuable or less valuable to the marketplace. You are either preparing for the future or you are just surviving, living from day to day. Your toolbox is either filling up or remaining empty. When you fail to get ready for

tomorrow, you end up with much more work to compensate for later. My warning is this: if you are not preparing today you will be repairing tomorrow.”

One of my favorite things about the Habitude series of books is that each includes a set of thought-provoking questions and evaluations at the end of each chapter. A couple of thoughts from this chapter are ones that all of us can evaluate: Why do so many people end up building a negative brand for themselves? If building a personal brand is about more than choosing a style – but discovering who you really are – how should a person go about this discovery? What are you doing to build your personal brand and label?

Who has characteristics that you admire? What can you do to practice the skills that support your positive brand? What can you read or do to reinforce your brand – is there a service project that you can take on that ties in with your personal goals and development?

Giving our 4-H members, and all the youth in our world, the opportunity to discover and build their “brand” for their long-term success is one of the best parts of my work!

Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness!

Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/1/1579114162620.jpeg" alt="Michelle Beran&nbsp;" />
 <figcaption>Michelle Beran&nbsp;</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension DistrictI am continuing to read “Habitudes – For Career Ready Students; The Art of Preparing for a Career” by Dr. Tim Elmore. I like to take my time in reviewing the information in each chapter and reflecting on the lessons.Important aspects of 4-H include belonging, mastery, independence, and generosity and we work toward these by providing engaged learning opportunities with caring and safe mentors. These opportunities provide youth with settings where they are included and build toward their future by developing skills and increasing their confidence.My family is involved in cattle production and branding is a time-honored and important tool used in our business. The brand on our animal is a permanent mark that identifies to whom it belongs. I am sure that each you know business brands and have a reaction, positive or negative, to that brand. Once a brand develops a negative reputation, it takes a long time to recover. A positive history to a brand helps it to withstand many storms.Dr. Elmore’s chapter on Brands and Labels speaks to understanding how our personal brand affects how others perceive us and how we need to be intentional in having a genuine brand.Each of us builds a brand in the words we use, the behaviors we exhibit, the relationships we build. This brand follows us into our education and work worlds and can certainly have an impact, positive or negative, on how we are received. I will never be known as the smartest person in the room but have a reputation for having a positive outlook, being willing to listen and learn, to make decisions and own my mistakes, and to work hard. My brand is evidenced in everything I do!I really appreciate Dr. Elmore’s information in this chapter when he notes, “It works a little like a toolbox. You carry an imaginary toolbox with you each day. You are filling it with knowledge, experiences, skills, and relationships that will make you more valuable or less valuable to the marketplace. You are either preparing for the future or you are just surviving, living from day to day. Your toolbox is either filling up or remaining empty. When you fail to get ready fortomorrow, you end up with much more work to compensate for later. My warning is this: if you are not preparing today you will be repairing tomorrow.”One of my favorite things about the Habitude series of books is that each includes a set of thought-provoking questions and evaluations at the end of each chapter. A couple of thoughts from this chapter are ones that all of us can evaluate: Why do so many people end up building a negative brand for themselves? If building a personal brand is about more than choosing a style – but discovering who you really are – how should a person go about this discovery? What are you doing to build your personal brand and label?Who has characteristics that you admire? What can you do to practice the skills that support your positive brand? What can you read or do to reinforce your brand – is there a service project that you can take on that ties in with your personal goals and development?Giving our 4-H members, and all the youth in our world, the opportunity to discover and build their “brand” for their long-term success is one of the best parts of my work!Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness!Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call 620-793-1910.

BERAN: Build your brand

School is getting ready to start in some format, so kids from pre-school to graduate school will be adjusting to a new routine. But what about you? Are you a life-long learner? Moms and dads, grandmas and grandpas are never too old to learn something new. I don’t mean you have to enroll in a formal class, complete with a syllabus and a final exam. I’m talking about the many classes offered in our community through our Extension offices, 4-H and Youth programs, or recreation centers.

I received word earlier this week that K-State Research &amp; Extension Administration has approved a protocol for offering the Stay Strong Stay Healthy program in our community. I am so excited to be able to offer this 8- week program at the Great Bend Activity Center beginning September 1st. The natural aging process offers challenges to many people. While we know from listening to the news and our personal experiences, staying active is a key component in maintaining or regaining health. But if you have noticed that your strength, flexibility or balance isn’t what it used to be you may want to consider signing up for Stay Strong, Stay Healthy. SSSH is designed to increase an aging adult’s access to a safe, structured, and effective strength training program. Over 8 weeks, participants learn exercises to improve their strength, flexibility, and balance. During each session, a prescribed set of 8 upper and lower body strengthening exercises are done along with warm-ups and cool-down stretches. Participants are made to feel comfortable regardless of their current fitness level so they can safely participate and gradually build the strength beneficial to health.

The 8-week program is set to begin Tuesday, September 1st and ends Thursday, October 22nd. It meets Tuesdays and Thursdays from 10 – 11 am at the Great Bend Activity Center, 2715 18th Street. The registration fee is $20 and may be paid at the Cottonwood Extension District – Great Bend office, 1800 12th Street, by August 25th. The class size is limited and we will pay close attention to disinfecting chairs that are used in the class. When you register we will schedule a time for a short pre-assessment to be completed.

Call me if you have any questions about the “Stay Strong, Stay Healthy” workshop.

Donna Krug is the Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent and District Director for K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141404420.png" alt="Donna Krug" />
 <figcaption>Donna Krug</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension DistrictSchool is getting ready to start in some format, so kids from pre-school to graduate school will be adjusting to a new routine. But what about you? Are you a life-long learner? Moms and dads, grandmas and grandpas are never too old to learn something new. I don’t mean you have to enroll in a formal class, complete with a syllabus and a final exam. I’m talking about the many classes offered in our community through our Extension offices, 4-H and Youth programs, or recreation centers.I received word earlier this week that K-State Research &amp; Extension Administration has approved a protocol for offering the Stay Strong Stay Healthy program in our community. I am so excited to be able to offer this 8- week program at the Great Bend Activity Center beginning September 1st. The natural aging process offers challenges to many people. While we know from listening to the news and our personal experiences, staying active is a key component in maintaining or regaining health. But if you have noticed that your strength, flexibility or balance isn’t what it used to be you may want to consider signing up for Stay Strong, Stay Healthy. SSSH is designed to increase an aging adult’s access to a safe, structured, and effective strength training program. Over 8 weeks, participants learn exercises to improve their strength, flexibility, and balance. During each session, a prescribed set of 8 upper and lower body strengthening exercises are done along with warm-ups and cool-down stretches. Participants are made to feel comfortable regardless of their current fitness level so they can safely participate and gradually build the strength beneficial to health.The 8-week program is set to begin Tuesday, September 1st and ends Thursday, October 22nd. It meets Tuesdays and Thursdays from 10 – 11 am at the Great Bend Activity Center, 2715 18th Street. The registration fee is $20 and may be paid at the Cottonwood Extension District – Great Bend office, 1800 12th Street, by August 25th. The class size is limited and we will pay close attention to disinfecting chairs that are used in the class. When you register we will schedule a time for a short pre-assessment to be completed.Call me if you have any questions about the “Stay Strong, Stay Healthy” workshop.Donna Krug is the Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent and District Director for K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu

KRUG: Add Stay Strong Stay Healthy workshop to your routine

written by:&nbsp;Stacy Campbell&nbsp; - Cottonwood Extension District

I have been getting some calls from farmers asking if their grain sorghum has sugarcane aphids in it? After going and looking I am glad to report that they are not sugarcane aphids. It is an aphid.

The corn leaf aphid, frequently infests sorghum at the whorl stage. This aphid ranges in color primarily from dark-green or bluish. Key identifying features are the dark legs and cornicles, relatively short antennae, and feeding on the upper leaf surfaces almost exclusively, preferring the upper parts of the plant.

Sugarcane aphids (SCA) on the other hand feed on the underside of leaves. They can be confused with other aphids especially when the aphids are young. They are pale yellow and have light colored legs with dark feet. They have dark colored, short cornicles (tail pipes) with no shading at the base of them as on the corn leaf aphid.

Both aphids do produce a sticky honeydew substance, for that matter any aphid or greenbug does, because they all have piercing-sucking mouth parts and are sucking the plant juices for nourishment. Corn leaf aphids do not have such a high reproductive rate as sugarcane aphids and therefore are not considered an economic treat to sorghum. Any aphid will attract beneficial species that will feed on them. The corn leaf aphid is rarely a cause for concern on sorghum unless larger numbers persist into heading and migrate up into about 50% or more of the heads to continue feeding.

Corn leaf aphids do attract beneficial insects, such as the lady beetle that will feed on them and currently I am seeing significant numbers of lady beetles and other aphid natural enemies that contribute to their control!

A good resource to have or refer to is the “Sorghum Insect Management Guide” by K-State Research &amp; Extension, it can be found on our web site at www.cottonwood.ksu.edu or simply type into your internet browser - sorghum insect management guide, ksu.

If you have any questions, please give me a call or email me.

Stacy Campbell is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or calling 785-628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/1/1578070143255.png" alt="Stacy Campbell" />
 <figcaption>Stacy Campbell</figcaption>
 </figure>written by:&nbsp;Stacy Campbell&nbsp; - Cottonwood Extension DistrictI have been getting some calls from farmers asking if their grain sorghum has sugarcane aphids in it? After going and looking I am glad to report that they are not sugarcane aphids. It is an aphid.The corn leaf aphid, frequently infests sorghum at the whorl stage. This aphid ranges in color primarily from dark-green or bluish. Key identifying features are the dark legs and cornicles, relatively short antennae, and feeding on the upper leaf surfaces almost exclusively, preferring the upper parts of the plant.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/8/1597162288635.jpeg" alt="Corn leaf aphids" />
 <figcaption>Corn leaf aphids</figcaption>
 </figure>Sugarcane aphids (SCA) on the other hand feed on the underside of leaves. They can be confused with other aphids especially when the aphids are young. They are pale yellow and have light colored legs with dark feet. They have dark colored, short cornicles (tail pipes) with no shading at the base of them as on the corn leaf aphid.Both aphids do produce a sticky honeydew substance, for that matter any aphid or greenbug does, because they all have piercing-sucking mouth parts and are sucking the plant juices for nourishment. Corn leaf aphids do not have such a high reproductive rate as sugarcane aphids and therefore are not considered an economic treat to sorghum. Any aphid will attract beneficial species that will feed on them. The corn leaf aphid is rarely a cause for concern on sorghum unless larger numbers persist into heading and migrate up into about 50% or more of the heads to continue feeding.Corn leaf aphids do attract beneficial insects, such as the lady beetle that will feed on them and currently I am seeing significant numbers of lady beetles and other aphid natural enemies that contribute to their control!A good resource to have or refer to is the “Sorghum Insect Management Guide” by K-State Research &amp; Extension, it can be found on our web site at www.cottonwood.ksu.edu or simply type into your internet browser - sorghum insect management guide, ksu.If you have any questions, please give me a call or email me.Stacy Campbell is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: Corn leaf aphids in sorghum

When I am stressed, I can’t stop moving. I clean, do yardwork, exercise and take myself to exhaustion most days. When my son is anxious, he wakes up in the middle of the night and asks me to tuck him in again. When I notice he is waking up several nights in a row, I tend to be more attentive and spend extra time with him. I try to help him deal with his anxiety in positive ways such as exercise and just talking about it, but when I find myself unable to slow down, I usually ignore it until I can’t ignore it anymore.

2020 has been one for the history books when it comes to stress and uncertainty. There is very little in our lives that can be considered normal and that has taken a toll on our minds, bodies, and overall health. What can you do about all of this excess worry? Everyone handles anxiety in their own way. I show how our family is coping to illustrate that point. When I am stressed, I typically try to ignore it, soldier through, and hope it gets better. When I notice my son is getting stressed, I do everything in my power to help him handle it in a healthy way. Lately though, I am trying to do better for myself because I know how important mental health is in all aspects of our lives.

So how can we handle stress in a healthy manner? The single most important thing that you can do is self-care. I am sure that you have heard all of the adages, but you truly can’t pour from an empty pitcher. Find a way that you personally can relax and recharge. Take a walk, listen to music, meditate. Some may enjoy fishing, gardening, watching a movie, reading, the list goes on. Think to yourself, what do you like to do that you have not had enough time to do? In our current state of affairs, it is a good idea to make the time.

We also typically look out for others before ourselves. Right now, it is a good idea to check in on your friends. If someone you know is not acting like themselves, just asking them how they are doing can go a long way. Actively listening (listening to hear, and not listening to respond) is very important as it ensures that the person you are talking to is being heard. Although it is very hard to do sometimes, if you think someone may be suicidal, ask them out right. Studies show that talking about suicide does not make a person commit suicide. It does help them more that it doesn’t. Thought that conversation may be difficult, is much easier to have than a eulogy to deliver.&nbsp;

For more information about handling stress in a healthy way, Cottonwood Extension and K-State Research and Extension has some excellent resources available. You can always call 620-793-1910, or e-mail at&nbsp;<a href="mailto:aboor@ksu.edu">aboor@ksu.edu</a>. We are also blessed to have&nbsp; The Center for Counseling and Consultation where help is available locally.&nbsp; The national suicide prevention hotline is 800-273-8255 or you can text HOME to 741741 if you prefer. Dealing with our present situation can feel overwhelming, but help is out there. Reach out, talk. People need you. Now more than ever we need to take care of ourselves and each other.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/6/1592579538317.png" alt="Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District" />
 <figcaption>Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District</figcaption>
 </figure>When I am stressed, I can’t stop moving. I clean, do yardwork, exercise and take myself to exhaustion most days. When my son is anxious, he wakes up in the middle of the night and asks me to tuck him in again. When I notice he is waking up several nights in a row, I tend to be more attentive and spend extra time with him. I try to help him deal with his anxiety in positive ways such as exercise and just talking about it, but when I find myself unable to slow down, I usually ignore it until I can’t ignore it anymore.2020 has been one for the history books when it comes to stress and uncertainty. There is very little in our lives that can be considered normal and that has taken a toll on our minds, bodies, and overall health. What can you do about all of this excess worry? Everyone handles anxiety in their own way. I show how our family is coping to illustrate that point. When I am stressed, I typically try to ignore it, soldier through, and hope it gets better. When I notice my son is getting stressed, I do everything in my power to help him handle it in a healthy way. Lately though, I am trying to do better for myself because I know how important mental health is in all aspects of our lives.So how can we handle stress in a healthy manner? The single most important thing that you can do is self-care. I am sure that you have heard all of the adages, but you truly can’t pour from an empty pitcher. Find a way that you personally can relax and recharge. Take a walk, listen to music, meditate. Some may enjoy fishing, gardening, watching a movie, reading, the list goes on. Think to yourself, what do you like to do that you have not had enough time to do? In our current state of affairs, it is a good idea to make the time.We also typically look out for others before ourselves. Right now, it is a good idea to check in on your friends. If someone you know is not acting like themselves, just asking them how they are doing can go a long way. Actively listening (listening to hear, and not listening to respond) is very important as it ensures that the person you are talking to is being heard. Although it is very hard to do sometimes, if you think someone may be suicidal, ask them out right. Studies show that talking about suicide does not make a person commit suicide. It does help them more that it doesn’t. Thought that conversation may be difficult, is much easier to have than a eulogy to deliver.&nbsp;For more information about handling stress in a healthy way, Cottonwood Extension and K-State Research and Extension has some excellent resources available. You can always call 620-793-1910, or e-mail at&nbsp;<a href="mailto:aboor@ksu.edu">aboor@ksu.edu</a>. We are also blessed to have&nbsp; The Center for Counseling and Consultation where help is available locally.&nbsp; The national suicide prevention hotline is 800-273-8255 or you can text HOME to 741741 if you prefer. Dealing with our present situation can feel overwhelming, but help is out there. Reach out, talk. People need you. Now more than ever we need to take care of ourselves and each other.Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at&nbsp;aboor@ksu.edu&nbsp;or calling 620-793-1910.

BOOR: Dealing with stress

written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District&nbsp;

When we turned the calendar to August it can mean only one thing; school bells will be ringing soon. The challenges that COVID19 has brought to our school boards and administrators are many, but in the end, children need to continue learning in whichever format is available. With the start of another school year, it is the perfect time to call a family meeting and get everyone on board with the new routine.

Research shows that kids ages 3 to 6 need ten to twelve hours of sleep each day. As youngsters begin pre-school or the early grades it is important to have a set bedtime with a routine that encourages success. Perhaps you want to target 8 p.m. as bedtime. If so you will want to begin the wind down process around 7. Perhaps a warm bath and bed time story would help your child to relax. Planning what will be worn the next day or eaten for breakfast also encourages a less hectic morning when the alarm goes off. Whatever you want to adopt as a routine, now is a good time to start working toward your final goal. If the summer schedule has been lax, start moving the bedtime up a few minutes each day until your target is reached. That should help make the first day of school a success.

As families strive to get the school year off to a good start, the morning rush can create a huge obstacle. Whether your kids catch an early morning bus, if you provide the ride, or if they bike or walk to school, make sure time is set aside to eat a healthy breakfast. It has long been reported that eating breakfast is a good thing – first by moms, and then backed up by numerous research studies. Nutrition educators have shown that eating breakfast is important to weight control. It also helps youngsters perform better in school.

If you live close enough to school, perhaps your child can walk or bike safely to school. Research shows that starting your day with some physical activity (i.e. walking to school) encourages better concentration and behavior in the classroom. If your schedule allows it, do a trial run with your child; either walking or biking on a safe route to the front door of the school.

Here’s hoping your school year gets off to a great start!

Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574802720194.jpeg" alt="Donna Krug" />
 <figcaption>Donna Krug</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District&nbsp;When we turned the calendar to August it can mean only one thing; school bells will be ringing soon. The challenges that COVID19 has brought to our school boards and administrators are many, but in the end, children need to continue learning in whichever format is available. With the start of another school year, it is the perfect time to call a family meeting and get everyone on board with the new routine.Research shows that kids ages 3 to 6 need ten to twelve hours of sleep each day. As youngsters begin pre-school or the early grades it is important to have a set bedtime with a routine that encourages success. Perhaps you want to target 8 p.m. as bedtime. If so you will want to begin the wind down process around 7. Perhaps a warm bath and bed time story would help your child to relax. Planning what will be worn the next day or eaten for breakfast also encourages a less hectic morning when the alarm goes off. Whatever you want to adopt as a routine, now is a good time to start working toward your final goal. If the summer schedule has been lax, start moving the bedtime up a few minutes each day until your target is reached. That should help make the first day of school a success.As families strive to get the school year off to a good start, the morning rush can create a huge obstacle. Whether your kids catch an early morning bus, if you provide the ride, or if they bike or walk to school, make sure time is set aside to eat a healthy breakfast. It has long been reported that eating breakfast is a good thing – first by moms, and then backed up by numerous research studies. Nutrition educators have shown that eating breakfast is important to weight control. It also helps youngsters perform better in school.If you live close enough to school, perhaps your child can walk or bike safely to school. Research shows that starting your day with some physical activity (i.e. walking to school) encourages better concentration and behavior in the classroom. If your schedule allows it, do a trial run with your child; either walking or biking on a safe route to the front door of the school.Here’s hoping your school year gets off to a great start!Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu

KRUG: Settling in to the school routine

Agricultural producers in Kansas and other states this year can participate in Kansas State University’s Risk &amp; Profit Conference from wherever they are as the university takes the entire conference online. The conference is set for Aug. 10-14.&nbsp;

From producers to processors to consumers, the new coronavirus has affected every aspect of life, so this year’s conference will focus on the economics of agriculture during the COVID-19 pandemic. &nbsp;

Different sessions are scheduled for each day, including the popular livestock and grain market outlooks. Sessions run from noon to 1:30 p.m. each day except Thursday, when an expanded schedule runs from 10:30 a.m. to 2 p.m. That day also features an open chat at lunchtime with extension specialists. &nbsp;

Registration is available&nbsp;<a href="https://agmanager.info/events/risk-and-profit-conference">online</a>&nbsp;and questions can be directed to Rich Llewelyn at&nbsp;<a href="mailto:rvl@ksu.edu">rvl@ksu.edu</a>. &nbsp;The schedule for the program is:

Monday, August 10 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Session 1 (12:00-12:45): Hedging the Sale of Kansas Live Cattle: A Review of the Past 10 Years - Brian Coffey &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Session 2 (12:45-1:30): Ag Finance Situation - Allen Featherstone

Tuesday, August 11 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Session 1 (12:00-12:45): Macroeconomy, Interest Rates, and Future Inflation&nbsp; - Brian Briggeman &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Session 2 (12:45-1:30): US Agri-Food Trade and COVID-19 - Vincent Amanor-Boadu, Kara Ross, Catharine Ofori-Bah

Wednesday, August 12 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Session 1 (12:00-12:45): Crop Share or Cash Rent: How Does Risk Affect the Decision?-Mykel Taylor, Chelsea Arnold &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Session 2 (12:45-1:30): Assessment of Ag’s Contribution to the Kansas Economy - John Leatherman, Jody Wendt

Thursday, August 13 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Session 1 (10:30-11:15): Livestock Market Outlook—Glynn Tonsor &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Session 2 (11:15-12:00): Grain Market Outlook—Dan O’Brien &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Break/Lunch (12:00-12:30): Open Chat with K-State Agricultural Economics Extensions Specialists &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Session 3 (12:30-1:15): Nontraditional Finance: Overview and Trends - Jenny Ifft &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Session 4 (1:15-2:00): Projections of Net Farm Income for 2020 and 2021 - Gregg Ibendahl

Friday, August 14 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Session 1 (12:00-12:45): Economic Losses From ARC/PLC Election In 2014 Farm Bill - Nathan Hendricks, Mary Kurzweil &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Session 2 (12:45-1:30): International Grain Market Trends and Factors&nbsp; - Guy Allen, Dan O’Brien

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/6/1592579538317.png" alt="Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District." />
 <figcaption>Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District.</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension DistrictAgricultural producers in Kansas and other states this year can participate in Kansas State University’s Risk &amp; Profit Conference from wherever they are as the university takes the entire conference online. The conference is set for Aug. 10-14.&nbsp;From producers to processors to consumers, the new coronavirus has affected every aspect of life, so this year’s conference will focus on the economics of agriculture during the COVID-19 pandemic. &nbsp;Different sessions are scheduled for each day, including the popular livestock and grain market outlooks. Sessions run from noon to 1:30 p.m. each day except Thursday, when an expanded schedule runs from 10:30 a.m. to 2 p.m. That day also features an open chat at lunchtime with extension specialists. &nbsp;Registration is available&nbsp;<a href="https://agmanager.info/events/risk-and-profit-conference">online</a>&nbsp;and questions can be directed to Rich Llewelyn at&nbsp;<a href="mailto:rvl@ksu.edu">rvl@ksu.edu</a>. &nbsp;The schedule for the program is:Monday, August 10 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Session 1 (12:00-12:45): Hedging the Sale of Kansas Live Cattle: A Review of the Past 10 Years - Brian Coffey &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Session 2 (12:45-1:30): Ag Finance Situation - Allen FeatherstoneTuesday, August 11 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Session 1 (12:00-12:45): Macroeconomy, Interest Rates, and Future Inflation&nbsp; - Brian Briggeman &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Session 2 (12:45-1:30): US Agri-Food Trade and COVID-19 - Vincent Amanor-Boadu, Kara Ross, Catharine Ofori-BahWednesday, August 12 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Session 1 (12:00-12:45): Crop Share or Cash Rent: How Does Risk Affect the Decision?-Mykel Taylor, Chelsea Arnold &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Session 2 (12:45-1:30): Assessment of Ag’s Contribution to the Kansas Economy - John Leatherman, Jody WendtThursday, August 13 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Session 1 (10:30-11:15): Livestock Market Outlook—Glynn Tonsor &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Session 2 (11:15-12:00): Grain Market Outlook—Dan O’Brien &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Break/Lunch (12:00-12:30): Open Chat with K-State Agricultural Economics Extensions Specialists &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Session 3 (12:30-1:15): Nontraditional Finance: Overview and Trends - Jenny Ifft &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Session 4 (1:15-2:00): Projections of Net Farm Income for 2020 and 2021 - Gregg IbendahlFriday, August 14 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Session 1 (12:00-12:45): Economic Losses From ARC/PLC Election In 2014 Farm Bill - Nathan Hendricks, Mary Kurzweil &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Session 2 (12:45-1:30): International Grain Market Trends and Factors&nbsp; - Guy Allen, Dan O’BrienAlicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at&nbsp;aboor@ksu.edu&nbsp;or calling 620-793-1910.

BOOR: Conference will focus on effect of virus on ag economy

written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District Typically, wheat growers will keep back enough of their wheat seed to plant again, but also they may be looking to replace a variety in an effort to reduce seed borne diseases, and to improve genetics for yield and disease prevention. Each year many county agents put out wheat variety demonstration plots and conduct field days to view and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of varieties and wheat production issues. Most demonstration plots are also harvested. For further details of the cultural practices of the plot go to our web site at www.cottonwood.ksu.edu This demonstration wheat plot should not be used for making your variety selection decisions, it is more for showing and talking about the varieties each year at the field day. Instead I would highly encourage growers to make your variety selection decisions based on the K-State Agricultural Experiment Stations replicated wheat performance tests. They are randomized replicated trials, meaning each variety is randomly planted in 4 different spots in the field, all seed is either foundation or registered. Replicated field trials will account for or smooth out the variability within a field, and thus are more accurate. These results from the Agricultural Experiment Stations can also be found on our web site. Yield should not be the only consideration in your selection, and multiple years of data should be considered. This plot was not harvested in 2019, the two-year average is for 2018 &amp; 20. Some other important considerations are stripe &amp; leaf rust resistance, drought tolerance, winter hardiness, straw strength, shattering reputation, maturity and test weight. Each grower may differ some in what is most important to them and may add other considerations not mentioned. A good resource is “Wheat Variety Disease and Insect Ratings 2020” publication, also posted to our web site.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/1/1578070143255.png" alt="Stacy Campbell" />
 <figcaption>Stacy Campbell</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District Typically, wheat growers will keep back enough of their wheat seed to plant again, but also they may be looking to replace a variety in an effort to reduce seed borne diseases, and to improve genetics for yield and disease prevention. Each year many county agents put out wheat variety demonstration plots and conduct field days to view and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of varieties and wheat production issues. Most demonstration plots are also harvested. For further details of the cultural practices of the plot go to our web site at www.cottonwood.ksu.edu This demonstration wheat plot should not be used for making your variety selection decisions, it is more for showing and talking about the varieties each year at the field day. Instead I would highly encourage growers to make your variety selection decisions based on the K-State Agricultural Experiment Stations replicated wheat performance tests. They are randomized replicated trials, meaning each variety is randomly planted in 4 different spots in the field, all seed is either foundation or registered. Replicated field trials will account for or smooth out the variability within a field, and thus are more accurate. These results from the Agricultural Experiment Stations can also be found on our web site. Yield should not be the only consideration in your selection, and multiple years of data should be considered. This plot was not harvested in 2019, the two-year average is for 2018 &amp; 20. Some other important considerations are stripe &amp; leaf rust resistance, drought tolerance, winter hardiness, straw strength, shattering reputation, maturity and test weight. Each grower may differ some in what is most important to them and may add other considerations not mentioned. A good resource is “Wheat Variety Disease and Insect Ratings 2020” publication, also posted to our web site.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/7/1596048843015.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>

CAMPBELL: Results of wheat variety demonstration plot

From a health standpoint, vegetables are a five-star food group: naturally nutrient-rich; better tasting than a vitamin pill; low in calories and fat; cholesterol-free; and packed with disease-fighting phytonutrients. To maximize your health with vegetables, nutrition experts suggest at least three to five servings per day – in a rainbow of colors. All types of vegetables can be nourishing and delicious – fresh, frozen, canned, and juiced. Here are a dozen daily ways to treat yourself to good health!

· Broccoli and cauliflower: Versatile and very healthful – eat them raw or cooked, in a salad, or even a slaw.

· Carrots: Sweet, crunchy, good for your teeth, eyes and heart! Perfect raw or cooked in a stew.

· Peppers: Green, red, yellow, orange, or even purple! Enjoy peppers in a salad, stir-fry=casserole, or as a snack.

· Spinach: A salad of baby spinach leaves with pears, apples, or dried cranberries can turn anyone into a real spinach lover.

· Onions: The zesty onion family, including scallions, leeks, and garlic too, offer some powerful antioxidant nutrients.

· Peas: Fresh, frozen, or even canned, peas are a treat to eat – and they are very popular with young children.

· Beets: If you have never liked beets, try them in a new way – like roasted, grilled or lightly steamed in the microwave.

· Sweet potatoes or yams: Switch the color on your usual baked potato – and you will get a lot more nutrients, along with great taste.

· Mushrooms: Just a mushroom or two adds rich flavor to a casserole, soup, stew, stir-fry, or even a tossed green salad.

· Leaf and romaine lettuce: Rule of thumb for a healthy salad: the darker green or red the lettuce leaves, the more nutrients you get.

· Green, yellow or purple beans: Like their pea “cousins” beans offer some fiber and a little bit of protein, along with vitamins and minerals.

· Tomatoes: Cooking increases the availability of some tomato nutrients – so enjoy canned sauce, paste and chunks.

I hope you will consider joining me at the Thursday, Summer Street Stroll on August 3rd in Great Bend. I will have a booth set up with excellent Extension resources. I will also offer free canner gauge testing from 4 – 6 PM.

Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141404420.png" alt="Donna Krug" />
 <figcaption>Donna Krug</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension DistrictFrom a health standpoint, vegetables are a five-star food group: naturally nutrient-rich; better tasting than a vitamin pill; low in calories and fat; cholesterol-free; and packed with disease-fighting phytonutrients. To maximize your health with vegetables, nutrition experts suggest at least three to five servings per day – in a rainbow of colors. All types of vegetables can be nourishing and delicious – fresh, frozen, canned, and juiced. Here are a dozen daily ways to treat yourself to good health!· Broccoli and cauliflower: Versatile and very healthful – eat them raw or cooked, in a salad, or even a slaw.· Carrots: Sweet, crunchy, good for your teeth, eyes and heart! Perfect raw or cooked in a stew.· Peppers: Green, red, yellow, orange, or even purple! Enjoy peppers in a salad, stir-fry=casserole, or as a snack.· Spinach: A salad of baby spinach leaves with pears, apples, or dried cranberries can turn anyone into a real spinach lover.· Onions: The zesty onion family, including scallions, leeks, and garlic too, offer some powerful antioxidant nutrients.· Peas: Fresh, frozen, or even canned, peas are a treat to eat – and they are very popular with young children.· Beets: If you have never liked beets, try them in a new way – like roasted, grilled or lightly steamed in the microwave.· Sweet potatoes or yams: Switch the color on your usual baked potato – and you will get a lot more nutrients, along with great taste.· Mushrooms: Just a mushroom or two adds rich flavor to a casserole, soup, stew, stir-fry, or even a tossed green salad.· Leaf and romaine lettuce: Rule of thumb for a healthy salad: the darker green or red the lettuce leaves, the more nutrients you get.· Green, yellow or purple beans: Like their pea “cousins” beans offer some fiber and a little bit of protein, along with vitamins and minerals.· Tomatoes: Cooking increases the availability of some tomato nutrients – so enjoy canned sauce, paste and chunks.I hope you will consider joining me at the Thursday, Summer Street Stroll on August 3rd in Great Bend. I will have a booth set up with excellent Extension resources. I will also offer free canner gauge testing from 4 – 6 PM.Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider.

KRUG: Delicious, easy ways to enjoy vegetables

I’ve been closing messages for quite a few months by saying “Keep showing grace and kindness.” This feels more important with each passing week as we struggle with a multitude of divisive issues – mask/no mask; open schools/keep schools online; and so many political issues.

My chapter this week of Dr. Tim Elmore’s book “Habitudes – For Career Ready Students; The Art of Preparing for a Career” focuses on communication skills.

Communication skills are complex and need practice to be effective. However, we begin practicing these skills before we can speak. I started reading to my kids when they were tiny babies and, while they had no clue what I was reading from the newspaper, they were learning about tone, inflection, and the interaction that happens when we have a conversation.

Having effective written and verbal communication skills is extremely important in a workplace. We are different people with different histories and different skill sets so good communication is crucial to successfully navigating those differences for effective teamwork. This is just as important if you need to discuss time off with a boss or if you are presenting to an executive board.

In Dr. Elmore’s book, he addresses the need for “clear, complete, empathetic communication” from employees for their companies. He notes that this is a challenge because:

1) Most of us grew up in a world of screens where messaging is different

2) Genuine communication requires hard work and we get lazy

3) Half of communication is listening and many of us don’t do that well

4) Often workplaces are filled with team members from multiple generations

5) We tend to assume our listener is on the same page we are on

Dr. Elmore quotes Sydney Harris in saying, “The two words information and communication are often used interchangeably but they signify quite different things. Information is giving out; communication is getting through.”

As I read comments on news articles, the hatefulness that too many automatically revert to is, frankly, appalling. So much of communication can’t happen effectively on a screen so the tone and inflection of our opinions can be taken wildly out of context.

I really appreciate Dr. Elmore’s statement in this section, “Authentic communication usually requires me to step into the shoes of the person I am speaking with and imagine what they will need in order to understand my message. What words will best be comprehended? What voice tone should I use? Do I need to give an example of my point? ……How can I listen well and earn my right to speak? What methods of communicating should I use: email, text, phone call, social media, or face-to-face conversation?”

He goes on to quote psychologist Rollo May, “Communication leads to community, that is, to understanding, intimacy, mutual valuing.”

Mutual Valuing – I like that! It says that we can disagree but I can still respect and appreciate that you also have a view point that is impacted by your background and life experiences. In other words, Be Kind!

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/1/1579114162620.jpeg" alt="Michelle Beran" />
 <figcaption>Michelle Beran</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension DistrictI’ve been closing messages for quite a few months by saying “Keep showing grace and kindness.” This feels more important with each passing week as we struggle with a multitude of divisive issues – mask/no mask; open schools/keep schools online; and so many political issues.My chapter this week of Dr. Tim Elmore’s book “Habitudes – For Career Ready Students; The Art of Preparing for a Career” focuses on communication skills.Communication skills are complex and need practice to be effective. However, we begin practicing these skills before we can speak. I started reading to my kids when they were tiny babies and, while they had no clue what I was reading from the newspaper, they were learning about tone, inflection, and the interaction that happens when we have a conversation.Having effective written and verbal communication skills is extremely important in a workplace. We are different people with different histories and different skill sets so good communication is crucial to successfully navigating those differences for effective teamwork. This is just as important if you need to discuss time off with a boss or if you are presenting to an executive board.In Dr. Elmore’s book, he addresses the need for “clear, complete, empathetic communication” from employees for their companies. He notes that this is a challenge because:1) Most of us grew up in a world of screens where messaging is different2) Genuine communication requires hard work and we get lazy3) Half of communication is listening and many of us don’t do that well4) Often workplaces are filled with team members from multiple generations5) We tend to assume our listener is on the same page we are onDr. Elmore quotes Sydney Harris in saying, “The two words information and communication are often used interchangeably but they signify quite different things. Information is giving out; communication is getting through.”As I read comments on news articles, the hatefulness that too many automatically revert to is, frankly, appalling. So much of communication can’t happen effectively on a screen so the tone and inflection of our opinions can be taken wildly out of context.I really appreciate Dr. Elmore’s statement in this section, “Authentic communication usually requires me to step into the shoes of the person I am speaking with and imagine what they will need in order to understand my message. What words will best be comprehended? What voice tone should I use? Do I need to give an example of my point? ……How can I listen well and earn my right to speak? What methods of communicating should I use: email, text, phone call, social media, or face-to-face conversation?”He goes on to quote psychologist Rollo May, “Communication leads to community, that is, to understanding, intimacy, mutual valuing.”Mutual Valuing – I like that! It says that we can disagree but I can still respect and appreciate that you also have a view point that is impacted by your background and life experiences. In other words, Be Kind!Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness!Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call 620-793-1910.

BERAN: Career readiness – show grace and kindness

Whenever I see people of any age riding their bicycle without a helmet I am concerned. There is sound evidence that without a helmet, riders who sustain an injury are 14 times more likely to become a fatality. That tells me that we should consider a helmet a necessity, rather than an extra. Choose a helmet that meets or exceeds safety standards established by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. Make sure the helmet fits, rather than one a child will grow into. Replace a helmet if an accident occurs or if the helmet is badly jarred or cracked.

We are fortunate in Great Bend to have an active Pilot Club that has made preventing head injuries a priority. Last April, I was planning to visit each of the Elementary schools in Barton County and share bicycle safety rules while a Pilot Club member talked about the importance of wearing a helmet while bicycling.

Of course, that schedule changed when schools were closed through the end of May. At a recent Barton County Partnership meeting, a plan to give away helmets to kids at the July 28th Summer Street Stroll was announced. My husband, John, and I will be on hand to visit with families about important bicycle safety tips. Things like riding with traffic and obeying traffic signals are important.

It’s important to stay alert and keep your mind on your riding. This should be the same advice for many people in vehicles. Too many times we have been in close calls with drivers who are on cell phones or just inattentive to the traffic around them.

Many parents ask at what age a child is old enough to ride in the street rather than on the sidewalk. There isn’t a one-size fits-all age. A child’s maturity level is the main factor. Other factors are: the size of the community, traffic patterns and congestion, and whether it is a residential area or a business district. A smaller community can seem peaceful and safe, but may have periods when safety is compromised – for example, after a ball game, during a community festival, or at harvest time.

I hope to meet many young bike riders at Thursday’s Summer Street Stroll from 4- 6 PM as we give away bike helmets.

Donna Krug is the Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent and District Director for K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574802720194.jpeg" alt="Donna Krug" />
 <figcaption>Donna Krug</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension DistrictWhenever I see people of any age riding their bicycle without a helmet I am concerned. There is sound evidence that without a helmet, riders who sustain an injury are 14 times more likely to become a fatality. That tells me that we should consider a helmet a necessity, rather than an extra. Choose a helmet that meets or exceeds safety standards established by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. Make sure the helmet fits, rather than one a child will grow into. Replace a helmet if an accident occurs or if the helmet is badly jarred or cracked.We are fortunate in Great Bend to have an active Pilot Club that has made preventing head injuries a priority. Last April, I was planning to visit each of the Elementary schools in Barton County and share bicycle safety rules while a Pilot Club member talked about the importance of wearing a helmet while bicycling.Of course, that schedule changed when schools were closed through the end of May. At a recent Barton County Partnership meeting, a plan to give away helmets to kids at the July 28th Summer Street Stroll was announced. My husband, John, and I will be on hand to visit with families about important bicycle safety tips. Things like riding with traffic and obeying traffic signals are important.It’s important to stay alert and keep your mind on your riding. This should be the same advice for many people in vehicles. Too many times we have been in close calls with drivers who are on cell phones or just inattentive to the traffic around them.Many parents ask at what age a child is old enough to ride in the street rather than on the sidewalk. There isn’t a one-size fits-all age. A child’s maturity level is the main factor. Other factors are: the size of the community, traffic patterns and congestion, and whether it is a residential area or a business district. A smaller community can seem peaceful and safe, but may have periods when safety is compromised – for example, after a ball game, during a community festival, or at harvest time.I hope to meet many young bike riders at Thursday’s Summer Street Stroll from 4- 6 PM as we give away bike helmets.Donna Krug is the Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent and District Director for K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider.

KRUG: Putting a plug in for bicycle helmets

written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District&nbsp; The precipitation we have been receiving is great for our spring planted crops but it has also helped weeds to flourish as well. Due to a fast growth habit, Palmer amaranth seedlings can grow up to a half-inch in height per day under current Kansas weather conditions and can easily escape the recommended plant height (3- to 4-inch) for herbicide applications in wheat stubble. As glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth is also quite common in Kansas wheat fields, controlling those large-sized glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth populations in wheat stubble can be a daunting task.

Figure 1. (A) Emerged Palmer amaranth seedlings under poor wheat canopy, and (B) Palmer amaranth growth in post-harvest wheat stubble at the time of herbicide applications in 2019. Photos by Vipan Kumar, K-State Research and Extension.

A field study conducted in 2019 at the K-State Ag Research Center near Hays, KS evaluated various herbicide programs, including Roundup PowerMax, Clarity, 2,4-D, Aatrex, Gramoxone, Sencor, Valor SX, Spartan, Sharpen, Authority Supreme, Kochiavore, Panther MTZ, and Huskie applied alone or in tank-mixtures (24 total programs) for Palmer amaranth control in post-harvest wheat stubble (Table 1). The experimental site had a natural seedbank of Palmer amaranth population (sensitive to glyphosate). Palmer amaranth plants were treated when reached to the height of 2 to 2.5 feet and were showing signs of inflorescence initiation or flowering (Figure 1B).

Table 1. List of herbicide programs tested for controlling Palmer amaranth in post-harvest wheat stubble at the Kansas State University Agricultural Research Center near Hays in 2019.

- Herbicide treatments were applied on 2- to 2.5-ft tall Palmer amaranth plants showing inflorescence initiation in post-harvest wheat stubble. - All treatments were applied with appropriate adjuvants as dictated by each herbicide label.

Results indicated that all tested herbicide treatments provided excellent late-season control of Palmer amaranth (&gt;88% control) at 8 weeks after treatments (WAT), except Kochiavore and a tank-mixture of Huskie + Aatrex (Figure 2). A majority of the tested programs significantly reduced Palmer amaranth seed production (&gt;93% reduction) compared to the non-treated weedy check (data not shown). The least Palmer amaranth control was observed with Kochiavore and a tank mixture of Huskie + Aatrex in comparison to the non-treated weedy check (Figure 2). Tank-mixtures containing soil-residual herbicides such as Aatrex, Sencor, Valor, Spartan, Authority Supreme, and Panther MTZ also prevented any late-season flush of Palmer amaranth.

Figure 2. Effect of late-season herbicide programs on Palmer amaranth control at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after treatment (WAT) in post-harvest wheat stubble (see table 1 for herbicide treatment number).

Important note: Growers are advised to read each herbicide label for rotational crop restrictions (for next summer crop) before using any of these mentioned products.

Brand names appearing in this publication are for product identification purposes only. No endorsement is intended, nor is criticism implied of similar products not mentioned. Persons using such products assume responsibility for their use in accordance with current label directions of the manufacturer.

Information and research study was conducted by Vipan Kumar and Rui Liu, Weed Management Specialists, Agricultural Research Center – Hays.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574181994278.png" alt="Stacy Campbell" />
 <figcaption>Stacy Campbell</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District&nbsp; The precipitation we have been receiving is great for our spring planted crops but it has also helped weeds to flourish as well. Due to a fast growth habit, Palmer amaranth seedlings can grow up to a half-inch in height per day under current Kansas weather conditions and can easily escape the recommended plant height (3- to 4-inch) for herbicide applications in wheat stubble. As glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth is also quite common in Kansas wheat fields, controlling those large-sized glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth populations in wheat stubble can be a daunting task.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/7/1595274263083.png" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>Figure 1. (A) Emerged Palmer amaranth seedlings under poor wheat canopy, and (B) Palmer amaranth growth in post-harvest wheat stubble at the time of herbicide applications in 2019. Photos by Vipan Kumar, K-State Research and Extension.A field study conducted in 2019 at the K-State Ag Research Center near Hays, KS evaluated various herbicide programs, including Roundup PowerMax, Clarity, 2,4-D, Aatrex, Gramoxone, Sencor, Valor SX, Spartan, Sharpen, Authority Supreme, Kochiavore, Panther MTZ, and Huskie applied alone or in tank-mixtures (24 total programs) for Palmer amaranth control in post-harvest wheat stubble (Table 1). The experimental site had a natural seedbank of Palmer amaranth population (sensitive to glyphosate). Palmer amaranth plants were treated when reached to the height of 2 to 2.5 feet and were showing signs of inflorescence initiation or flowering (Figure 1B).Table 1. List of herbicide programs tested for controlling Palmer amaranth in post-harvest wheat stubble at the Kansas State University Agricultural Research Center near Hays in 2019.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/7/1595274165980.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>- Herbicide treatments were applied on 2- to 2.5-ft tall Palmer amaranth plants showing inflorescence initiation in post-harvest wheat stubble. - All treatments were applied with appropriate adjuvants as dictated by each herbicide label.Results indicated that all tested herbicide treatments provided excellent late-season control of Palmer amaranth (&gt;88% control) at 8 weeks after treatments (WAT), except Kochiavore and a tank-mixture of Huskie + Aatrex (Figure 2). A majority of the tested programs significantly reduced Palmer amaranth seed production (&gt;93% reduction) compared to the non-treated weedy check (data not shown). The least Palmer amaranth control was observed with Kochiavore and a tank mixture of Huskie + Aatrex in comparison to the non-treated weedy check (Figure 2). Tank-mixtures containing soil-residual herbicides such as Aatrex, Sencor, Valor, Spartan, Authority Supreme, and Panther MTZ also prevented any late-season flush of Palmer amaranth.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/7/1595274144748.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>Figure 2. Effect of late-season herbicide programs on Palmer amaranth control at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after treatment (WAT) in post-harvest wheat stubble (see table 1 for herbicide treatment number).Important note: Growers are advised to read each herbicide label for rotational crop restrictions (for next summer crop) before using any of these mentioned products.Brand names appearing in this publication are for product identification purposes only. No endorsement is intended, nor is criticism implied of similar products not mentioned. Persons using such products assume responsibility for their use in accordance with current label directions of the manufacturer.Information and research study was conducted by Vipan Kumar and Rui Liu, Weed Management Specialists, Agricultural Research Center – Hays.

CAMPBELL: New study evaluated herbicide programs for Pigweed control

One of my favorite authors for personal and professional development is Dr. Tim Elmore. This past week I picked up “Habitudes – For Career Ready Students; The Art of Preparing for a Career.”

As a youth development agent, I find many applicable chapters in this book! In particular, the chapter titled, “Obstacle Course” is especially relevant in our current environment. Dr. Elmore writes of the challenges of an obstacle course and how some view it as a challenge and others determine quickly that it is “too hard”.

One of the tenets of 4-H is critical thinking. Many of the projects or events that 4-H members participate in require the youth to evaluate choices and make decisions. We don’t always think of livestock judging, life skills judging, or participating in an ag skillathon in this light but that is a large part of the activity. Yes, they need knowledge of the topic but they also need to be able to critically evaluate their options and make a decision. I would challenge that many of us know adults who could use practice at this!

Group projects can be a welcome idea or the bane of your existence dependent on the members of your group but this is very real-world practice! If you have been part of a group project where one or two did the bulk of the work and others decided it was “too hard”; you were probably very frustrated that others did not choose to critically think through how their behavior – or lack of – affected everyone else. A fair does not come together without everyone knowing and handling their responsibilities in a timely manner. Every job that I have held required working with others for the overall success of the event or organization.

As we prepare youth for jobs and careers, it is important to provide opportunities to develop critical thinking skills. When the adults in their world make all the decisions, youth tend to bow out of a decision as “too hard” or don’t make effective decisions because they don’t have experience.

Dr. Elmore goes on to note that problem-solving skills are highly sought after by employers. He states that there are “three ingredients in the problem-solving recipe:

*1 You must see and clearly define the problem. This requires perspective.

*2 You must develop a set of options for solutions. This requires creativity.

*3 You must find ways to implement the best solution. This requires tenacity.”

I so appreciate this quote from Elizabeth Edwards in Dr. Elmore’s book: “Resilience is accepting your new reality, even if it’s less good than the one you had before. You can fight it, you can do nothing but scream about what you’ve lost, or you can accept that and try to put together something that’s good.”

Every year, we face an obstacle course of challenges. This year does feel a bit like the TV Ninja Warrior version of an obstacle course! It is important that each of us think critically through the ingredients in problem solving to make decisions that positively impact our selves, our families, and our communities. Giving our young people the time and space to practice these skills is crucial to their healthy long-term development as our next generation of leaders.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/1/1579114162620.jpeg" alt="Michelle Beran" />
 <figcaption>Michelle Beran</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension DistrictOne of my favorite authors for personal and professional development is Dr. Tim Elmore. This past week I picked up “Habitudes – For Career Ready Students; The Art of Preparing for a Career.”As a youth development agent, I find many applicable chapters in this book! In particular, the chapter titled, “Obstacle Course” is especially relevant in our current environment. Dr. Elmore writes of the challenges of an obstacle course and how some view it as a challenge and others determine quickly that it is “too hard”.One of the tenets of 4-H is critical thinking. Many of the projects or events that 4-H members participate in require the youth to evaluate choices and make decisions. We don’t always think of livestock judging, life skills judging, or participating in an ag skillathon in this light but that is a large part of the activity. Yes, they need knowledge of the topic but they also need to be able to critically evaluate their options and make a decision. I would challenge that many of us know adults who could use practice at this!Group projects can be a welcome idea or the bane of your existence dependent on the members of your group but this is very real-world practice! If you have been part of a group project where one or two did the bulk of the work and others decided it was “too hard”; you were probably very frustrated that others did not choose to critically think through how their behavior – or lack of – affected everyone else. A fair does not come together without everyone knowing and handling their responsibilities in a timely manner. Every job that I have held required working with others for the overall success of the event or organization.As we prepare youth for jobs and careers, it is important to provide opportunities to develop critical thinking skills. When the adults in their world make all the decisions, youth tend to bow out of a decision as “too hard” or don’t make effective decisions because they don’t have experience.Dr. Elmore goes on to note that problem-solving skills are highly sought after by employers. He states that there are “three ingredients in the problem-solving recipe:*1 You must see and clearly define the problem. This requires perspective.*2 You must develop a set of options for solutions. This requires creativity.*3 You must find ways to implement the best solution. This requires tenacity.”I so appreciate this quote from Elizabeth Edwards in Dr. Elmore’s book: “Resilience is accepting your new reality, even if it’s less good than the one you had before. You can fight it, you can do nothing but scream about what you’ve lost, or you can accept that and try to put together something that’s good.”Every year, we face an obstacle course of challenges. This year does feel a bit like the TV Ninja Warrior version of an obstacle course! It is important that each of us think critically through the ingredients in problem solving to make decisions that positively impact our selves, our families, and our communities. Giving our young people the time and space to practice these skills is crucial to their healthy long-term development as our next generation of leaders.Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness!Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call 620-793-1910.

BERAN: Career Readiness – Obstacle Courses

If you have spent any time outdoors walking around, you may have noticed a very distinct, grotesque looking insect on trees, shrubs, or near homes. The insect is the wheel bug (Arilus cristatus), which is common, and widely distributed throughout Kansas.

Wheel bugs, also called assassin bugs, are predators that feed on many insect pests. However, the nymphs and adult can inflict a painful bite if handled by humans. Adult wheel bugs are 1 to 1-1/4 inches long, robust with long legs and antennae, and have a stout beak and large eyes on a narrow head. They are dark-brown to gray and possess a wheel or crest with 8 to 12 protruding teeth-like structures (tubercles) on the thorax that resembles a cogwheel; similar to the dinosaur—Stegosaurus.

Wheel bugs have two long, slender antennae that are constantly moving or weaving around. Females are typically larger than males. Females lay eggs that resemble miniature brown bottles with white stoppers. Eggs are laid in clusters of 40 to 200. The eggs are glued together and covered with a gummy cement, which protects eggs from weather extremes and natural enemies (e.g. parasitoids and predators). Egg clusters are located on leaves, or the trunk or branches of trees or shrubs. Nymphs hatch (eclose) from eggs and are bright red with black markings. The nymphs do not have the wheel or crest. The life cycle, from egg to adult, takes three to four months to complete. Wheel bugs are active day and night, and are very shy, tending to hide on leaf undersides. The wheel bug overwinters as eggs with one generation per year in Kansas. Wheel bugs are voracious predators feeding on a wide-variety of insects, including caterpillars, beetles, true bugs, sawflies, and aphids.

Unfortunately, wheel bugs will feed on beneficial insects such as ladybird beetles and honey bees. The mouthparts are red-brown and resemble a tube or straw that is located underneath the head. The mouthpart extends out when wheel bugs are ready to “stab” prey. Wheel bugs paralyze prey with their saliva that contains a toxic substance, which immobilizes prey within 30 seconds. In addition to feeding on insects, wheel bugs are cannibalistic, and will feed on each other if they cannot locate a food source (prey). What is there not to like about “bugs?”&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="Alicia Boor" />
 <figcaption>Alicia Boor</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension DistrictIf you have spent any time outdoors walking around, you may have noticed a very distinct, grotesque looking insect on trees, shrubs, or near homes. The insect is the wheel bug (Arilus cristatus), which is common, and widely distributed throughout Kansas.Wheel bugs, also called assassin bugs, are predators that feed on many insect pests. However, the nymphs and adult can inflict a painful bite if handled by humans. Adult wheel bugs are 1 to 1-1/4 inches long, robust with long legs and antennae, and have a stout beak and large eyes on a narrow head. They are dark-brown to gray and possess a wheel or crest with 8 to 12 protruding teeth-like structures (tubercles) on the thorax that resembles a cogwheel; similar to the dinosaur—Stegosaurus.Wheel bugs have two long, slender antennae that are constantly moving or weaving around. Females are typically larger than males. Females lay eggs that resemble miniature brown bottles with white stoppers. Eggs are laid in clusters of 40 to 200. The eggs are glued together and covered with a gummy cement, which protects eggs from weather extremes and natural enemies (e.g. parasitoids and predators). Egg clusters are located on leaves, or the trunk or branches of trees or shrubs. Nymphs hatch (eclose) from eggs and are bright red with black markings. The nymphs do not have the wheel or crest. The life cycle, from egg to adult, takes three to four months to complete. Wheel bugs are active day and night, and are very shy, tending to hide on leaf undersides. The wheel bug overwinters as eggs with one generation per year in Kansas. Wheel bugs are voracious predators feeding on a wide-variety of insects, including caterpillars, beetles, true bugs, sawflies, and aphids.Unfortunately, wheel bugs will feed on beneficial insects such as ladybird beetles and honey bees. The mouthparts are red-brown and resemble a tube or straw that is located underneath the head. The mouthpart extends out when wheel bugs are ready to “stab” prey. Wheel bugs paralyze prey with their saliva that contains a toxic substance, which immobilizes prey within 30 seconds. In addition to feeding on insects, wheel bugs are cannibalistic, and will feed on each other if they cannot locate a food source (prey). What is there not to like about “bugs?”&nbsp;Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at&nbsp;aboor@ksu.edu&nbsp;or calling 620-793-1910.