On Oct. 11, K-State Research and Extension will be hosting a program by Wildlife Specialist Drew Ricketts starting at 06:00 pm. The meeting will be held at Cheyenne Bottoms Wetlands Center located at 592 NE K 156 Hwy, Great Bend. &nbsp;During his program, he will discuss coyote biology, helping people to better understand their movements, vocalizations, and diet among other topics.&nbsp;He will also discuss tips and methods on trapping and calling coyotes including the proper use of mouth and electronic calls. A light meal will be served and is sponsored by P &amp; S Electric of Great Bend. Space is limited to 70 people. &nbsp;If you enjoy the outdoors, or more specifically enjoy hunting coyotes, don’t miss out on this event!

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>On Oct. 11, K-State Research and Extension will be hosting a program by Wildlife Specialist Drew Ricketts starting at 06:00 pm. The meeting will be held at Cheyenne Bottoms Wetlands Center located at 592 NE K 156 Hwy, Great Bend. &nbsp;During his program, he will discuss coyote biology, helping people to better understand their movements, vocalizations, and diet among other topics.&nbsp;He will also discuss tips and methods on trapping and calling coyotes including the proper use of mouth and electronic calls. A light meal will be served and is sponsored by P &amp; S Electric of Great Bend. Space is limited to 70 people. &nbsp;If you enjoy the outdoors, or more specifically enjoy hunting coyotes, don’t miss out on this event!Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

BOOR: Coyote program scheduled for Barton County

September is National Food Safety Education month. Every year, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about 1 in 6 people get sick, 128,000 are hospitalized and 3,000 die from eating contaminated food. Getting sick is never fun and is usually quite an inconvenience. What can you do at home to help prevent getting sick? The Partnership for Food Safety Education breaks it down into four easy steps: Clean, Separate, Cook, and Chill.

The first step is clean. Wash hands and surfaces often. We have heard it so many times but washing hands really does cut down on all types of illnesses including foodborne illnesses. Keep counter tops and other kitchen surfaces clean. How often do you clean out your refrigerator? Yep, that needs to be cleaned regularly also! After wiping the dirt off countertops, surfaces should be sanitized with a solution of one tablespoon bleach and one gallon of water. Cutting boards should also be washed in between preparing each food. Also remember to wash your produce under running water before eating or peeling them to prevent the spread of bacteria.

Step two is to separate. Be careful not to cross-contaminate. Separate raw meat, poultry, seafood and eggs from other foods in your grocery cart, grocery bags, and refrigerator. Use different cutting boards and utensils for each type of food and never place cooked food on a plate that had raw meat on it. If you marinate foods be sure and boil the marinade before using it on cooked foods.

Step three is to cook meats to an internal temperature of at least 145 degrees and 160 degrees for ground meat where contamination is more likely. Poultry should be cooked to 165 degrees. Color is not a reliable indicator. Use a food thermometer that has been properly calibrated. Check the thickest part of the meat. Raw eggs can be a source of contamination. When using a microwave to heat up foods again use your food thermometer to check the temperature.

Finally, step four is to chill leftovers quickly as possible to prevent the growth of bacteria. Keep the refrigerator at 40 degrees or less. Do not let foods set at room temperature for more than two hours. Do not thaw food at room temperature. To thaw foods, use one of three methods: in the refrigerator, in cold water, or in the microwave. Cook food immediately when defrosting in water or the microwave.

Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt="Monique Koerner - Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District." />
 <figcaption>Monique Koerner - Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District.</figcaption>
 </figure>September is National Food Safety Education month. Every year, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about 1 in 6 people get sick, 128,000 are hospitalized and 3,000 die from eating contaminated food. Getting sick is never fun and is usually quite an inconvenience. What can you do at home to help prevent getting sick? The Partnership for Food Safety Education breaks it down into four easy steps: Clean, Separate, Cook, and Chill.The first step is clean. Wash hands and surfaces often. We have heard it so many times but washing hands really does cut down on all types of illnesses including foodborne illnesses. Keep counter tops and other kitchen surfaces clean. How often do you clean out your refrigerator? Yep, that needs to be cleaned regularly also! After wiping the dirt off countertops, surfaces should be sanitized with a solution of one tablespoon bleach and one gallon of water. Cutting boards should also be washed in between preparing each food. Also remember to wash your produce under running water before eating or peeling them to prevent the spread of bacteria.Step two is to separate. Be careful not to cross-contaminate. Separate raw meat, poultry, seafood and eggs from other foods in your grocery cart, grocery bags, and refrigerator. Use different cutting boards and utensils for each type of food and never place cooked food on a plate that had raw meat on it. If you marinate foods be sure and boil the marinade before using it on cooked foods.Step three is to cook meats to an internal temperature of at least 145 degrees and 160 degrees for ground meat where contamination is more likely. Poultry should be cooked to 165 degrees. Color is not a reliable indicator. Use a food thermometer that has been properly calibrated. Check the thickest part of the meat. Raw eggs can be a source of contamination. When using a microwave to heat up foods again use your food thermometer to check the temperature.Finally, step four is to chill leftovers quickly as possible to prevent the growth of bacteria. Keep the refrigerator at 40 degrees or less. Do not let foods set at room temperature for more than two hours. Do not thaw food at room temperature. To thaw foods, use one of three methods: in the refrigerator, in cold water, or in the microwave. Cook food immediately when defrosting in water or the microwave.Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

KOERNER: National Food Safety Education Month

By MIKE COURSON Great Bend Post

Most activities have an off-season. 4-H is no different with the brunt of activities coming to a close earlier this month. National 4-H Week is celebrated the first October of each month, and Cottonwood Extension District 4-H Youth Development Agent Michelle Beran, and 4-H Ambassador Ailey Williams attended Tuesday's Barton County Commission meeting to bring the proclamation home. Beran explained the impact of local 4-H clubs to the commission.

"We just finished the Kansas State Fair, which means the 4-H year is ending and the new 4-H year begins Oct. 1," she said. "In Barton County, we have eight community clubs with nearly 150 4-H members. Kansas 4-H offers over 40 projects, and within each of those projects are included communication, leadership, citizenship, and career options."

Williams, a student at Great Bend High School, was one of five local 4-H members to attend Discovery Days at Kansas State University in June. The event gave members the opportunity to experience college by eating and staying in the dorms, attending classes, and navigating a large university. Williams said she took the opportunity to learn more about business and marketing.

"Some of my favorite project areas I do are foods and arts, mainly foods because that's what I want to do as a career," she said. "That's how I figured out what I want do to through 4-H."

A volunteer was needed for Agriland at the Kansas State Fair. Local 4-H clubs were also contacted by the Kansas Beef Council, and Williams spent four hours as a volunteer in Hutchinson. She and another high school 4-H member also served as co-superintendents of visual arts for the fair, overseeing some 300 entries.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/9/1695741056954.jpeg" alt="Cottonwood Extension District 4-H Youth Development Agent Michelle Beran and 4-H Ambassador Ailey Williams spoke at Tuesday's Barton County Commission meeting as part of proclaiming Oct. 1-7 as National 4-H Week." />
 <figcaption>Cottonwood Extension District 4-H Youth Development Agent Michelle Beran and 4-H Ambassador Ailey Williams spoke at Tuesday's Barton County Commission meeting as part of proclaiming Oct. 1-7 as National 4-H Week.</figcaption>
 </figure>By MIKE COURSON Great Bend PostMost activities have an off-season. 4-H is no different with the brunt of activities coming to a close earlier this month. National 4-H Week is celebrated the first October of each month, and Cottonwood Extension District 4-H Youth Development Agent Michelle Beran, and 4-H Ambassador Ailey Williams attended Tuesday's Barton County Commission meeting to bring the proclamation home. Beran explained the impact of local 4-H clubs to the commission."We just finished the Kansas State Fair, which means the 4-H year is ending and the new 4-H year begins Oct. 1," she said. "In Barton County, we have eight community clubs with nearly 150 4-H members. Kansas 4-H offers over 40 projects, and within each of those projects are included communication, leadership, citizenship, and career options."Williams, a student at Great Bend High School, was one of five local 4-H members to attend Discovery Days at Kansas State University in June. The event gave members the opportunity to experience college by eating and staying in the dorms, attending classes, and navigating a large university. Williams said she took the opportunity to learn more about business and marketing."Some of my favorite project areas I do are foods and arts, mainly foods because that's what I want to do as a career," she said. "That's how I figured out what I want do to through 4-H."A volunteer was needed for Agriland at the Kansas State Fair. Local 4-H clubs were also contacted by the Kansas Beef Council, and Williams spent four hours as a volunteer in Hutchinson. She and another high school 4-H member also served as co-superintendents of visual arts for the fair, overseeing some 300 entries.

Barton Commission proclaims Oct. 1-7 as National 4-H Week

The Commission meeting will be live-streamed through Microsoft Teams. Citizens may view the meeting through their own sign in or by signing in “anonymously”. Please follow this link: https://bit.ly/3nZpjaF. If you wish to participate in the discussion of any item, please call (620) 793-1800 for instructions.

BOARD OF BARTON COUNTY COMMISSIONERS Agenda Meeting Sept. 26 9 a.m. Until Close 1500 Kansas Avenue, Great Bend

I. OPENING BUSINESS: &nbsp; &nbsp;A. Call Meeting to Order. &nbsp; &nbsp;B. Recitation of the Pledge of Allegiance. &nbsp; &nbsp;C. Consider Approval of the Agenda. &nbsp; &nbsp;D. Consider the minutes of the September 19, 2023, Regular Meeting. &nbsp; &nbsp;E. Any citizen wishing to make statements during the discussion of any item must first be recognized by the Commission Chair. After being recognized, that person should state their name and the name of any organization represented. Statements should be limited to five minutes. &nbsp; &nbsp;F. Please silence all phones and electronic devices. Recording the meeting is allowed and the Commission requests that anyone using special recording equipment be seated in the back row to avoid creating a distraction during the meeting.

II. APPROVAL OF APPROPRIATIONS: &nbsp; &nbsp;-Bev Schmeidler, County Clerk, will present details. An Accounts Payable Register will be submitted to the Commission for the period of September 12, 2023, and ending September 26, 2023.

III. OLD BUSINESS - Items tabled, or scheduled, from previous Commission Meetings, will be heard at this time. &nbsp; &nbsp;-There is no Old Business at this time.

IV. NEW BUSINESS - All new business to be considered by the Commission will be heard at this time.

&nbsp; &nbsp;A. COUNTY CLERK’S OFFICE: Request for Approval – Added / Abated / Escaped / Refunded Taxes: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -Ms. Schmeidler will present a listing of Added / Abated / Escaped / Refunded Taxes. Orders for these actions are kept on file in the County Clerk’s Office. These are used to correct assessments and are requested by the County Appraiser’s Office or the County Clerk’s Office.

&nbsp; &nbsp;B. PROCLAMATION 2023-13: National 4-H Week: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -Michelle Beran, Cottonwood Extension District – Barton County, will be joined by area youth in presenting the proposed Proclamation. 4-H, as delivered by area Cooperative Extension agencies, has helped thousands of youth become true leaders, entrepreneurs and visionaries. By declaring October 1 – 7, 2023, as National 4-H Week, the Commission recognizes the importance of using the Head, Heart, Hands and Health, the four core values of the 4-H mission, to make the best better.

&nbsp; &nbsp;C. COMMISSION: Employee Engagement Committee: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -Commissioner Donna Zimmerman will provide details. It is the intent of the Commission to establish and annually fund an Employee Engagement Committee (EEC). In an effort to move forward with the EEC, the Commission solicited members. At this time, membership will be considered. Appointment period to end December 31, 2024, with the initial EEC members charged with the development of bylaws, short- and long-term goals, project development and to create and host a holiday event for all employees.

&nbsp; &nbsp;D. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: 2023 Server Upgrade Project: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -Dereck Hollingshead, Information Technology Director, will present details. On August 31, 2023, the Information Technology Department released the 2023 Server Upgrade Project Request for Proposal (RFP). The department sought pricing for hardware and software to upgrade two (2) servers. The hardware and software to upgrade these two (2) servers will allow Barton County Information Technology to replace a minimum of seven (7) servers. Two vendors submitted bids. It is noted that the Ellinwood and Great Bend Police Departments will reimburse the County for a portion of the cost and that there will be additional software costs.

&nbsp; &nbsp;E. JUVENILE SERVICES: Request for Proposal – Juvenile Services Fleet Insurance: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -Marissa Woodmansee, Juvenile Services Director, will present details. Juvenile Services released a Request for Proposal (RFP) for fleet insurance with a September 15, 2023, deadline. The RFP called for coverage for four (4) vehicles and 21 staff members, traveling in a five-County area transporting youth and families, as well as other business travel. Two bids were received.\

&nbsp; &nbsp;F. DISTRICT CORONER: Appointment of Special Deputy Coroners: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -Matt Patzner, County Administrator, will provide details. Dr. Patrick Stiles was re-appointed as District Coroner effective January 1, 2023. At the recommendation of Ellsworth County, Dr. Stiles requests that Nathaniel Florian be appointed as a Special Deputy Coroner.

&nbsp; &nbsp;G. EXECUTIVE SESSION: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -Chairman Shawn Hutchinson will present. Any Commissioner may make a motion for the board to recess to executive session at this time as allowed by K.S.A. 75-4319. Any motion must contain the justification for the executive session, the subject matter to be discussed, any individuals in addition to the board who will attend the executive session and the time at which the regular session shall resume.

V. ENDING BUSINESS – After new items are heard by the Commission, the following items, including announcements, will be heard.

&nbsp; &nbsp;A. ANNOUNCEMENTS: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -Following the close of the Agenda Meeting, the Commission will consider the authorization of personnel changes for classified positions, sign any documentation approved during the agenda meeting or sign any other documentation required for regular County business. Similar action may take place throughout the day. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -County officials, individually or in groups, may visit the Courthouse or those buildings being used for displaced Courthouse offices during the HVAC improvement project. With the Courthouse located at 1400 Main, other buildings being used for housing are 1520 Main and 1709 Main, Great Bend, Kansas.

&nbsp; &nbsp;B. APPOINTMENTS: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -Although subject to change, the following appointments have been scheduled:

&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 9:45 a.m. or following the close of the Agenda Meeting – Insurance Review – Freedom Claims with Matt Patzner, County Administrator, and Brenda Kaiser, Human Resource Director.

&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 11:00 a.m. – Year End-Outcomes and Program Update – Amy Boxberger, CKCC Director.

&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 11:30 a.m. – Conditional Use Permit – Communications Tower – Judy Goreham, Environmental Manager.

&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1:30 p.m. – Program Update – Barry McManaman, County Engineer.

&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2:00 p.m. – Update on Transmission Repair – Jennifer Hamby, Solid Waste Director.

&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2:15 p.m. – Regular Business Discussion – Matt Patzner, County Administrator.

THE COUNTY EDITION, KVGB-AM – Thursdays at 11:05 a.m. Members of the Juvenile Services office are scheduled for September 28, 2023.

VI. OTHER BUSINESS: &nbsp; &nbsp;A. Discussion Items. &nbsp; &nbsp;B. Citizens or organizations may present requests or proposals for initial consideration. &nbsp; &nbsp;C. The Commissioners are available to the public on Tuesdays during regular business hours. &nbsp; &nbsp;D. One or more Commissioners may be present in the Commission Chambers conducting county business throughout the day on Tuesdays. &nbsp; &nbsp;E. The Commissioners may, individually, schedule personal appointments related to County business at their discretion. &nbsp; &nbsp;F. The next Regular Meeting will be at 9:00 a.m., Tuesday, October 3, 2023.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/8/1693230488223.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>The Commission meeting will be live-streamed through Microsoft Teams. Citizens may view the meeting through their own sign in or by signing in “anonymously”. Please follow this link: https://bit.ly/3nZpjaF. If you wish to participate in the discussion of any item, please call (620) 793-1800 for instructions.BOARD OF BARTON COUNTY COMMISSIONERS Agenda Meeting Sept. 26 9 a.m. Until Close 1500 Kansas Avenue, Great BendI. OPENING BUSINESS: &nbsp; &nbsp;A. Call Meeting to Order. &nbsp; &nbsp;B. Recitation of the Pledge of Allegiance. &nbsp; &nbsp;C. Consider Approval of the Agenda. &nbsp; &nbsp;D. Consider the minutes of the September 19, 2023, Regular Meeting. &nbsp; &nbsp;E. Any citizen wishing to make statements during the discussion of any item must first be recognized by the Commission Chair. After being recognized, that person should state their name and the name of any organization represented. Statements should be limited to five minutes. &nbsp; &nbsp;F. Please silence all phones and electronic devices. Recording the meeting is allowed and the Commission requests that anyone using special recording equipment be seated in the back row to avoid creating a distraction during the meeting.II. APPROVAL OF APPROPRIATIONS: &nbsp; &nbsp;-Bev Schmeidler, County Clerk, will present details. An Accounts Payable Register will be submitted to the Commission for the period of September 12, 2023, and ending September 26, 2023.III. OLD BUSINESS - Items tabled, or scheduled, from previous Commission Meetings, will be heard at this time. &nbsp; &nbsp;-There is no Old Business at this time.IV. NEW BUSINESS - All new business to be considered by the Commission will be heard at this time.&nbsp; &nbsp;A. COUNTY CLERK’S OFFICE: Request for Approval – Added / Abated / Escaped / Refunded Taxes: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -Ms. Schmeidler will present a listing of Added / Abated / Escaped / Refunded Taxes. Orders for these actions are kept on file in the County Clerk’s Office. These are used to correct assessments and are requested by the County Appraiser’s Office or the County Clerk’s Office.&nbsp; &nbsp;B. PROCLAMATION 2023-13: National 4-H Week: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -Michelle Beran, Cottonwood Extension District – Barton County, will be joined by area youth in presenting the proposed Proclamation. 4-H, as delivered by area Cooperative Extension agencies, has helped thousands of youth become true leaders, entrepreneurs and visionaries. By declaring October 1 – 7, 2023, as National 4-H Week, the Commission recognizes the importance of using the Head, Heart, Hands and Health, the four core values of the 4-H mission, to make the best better.&nbsp; &nbsp;C. COMMISSION: Employee Engagement Committee: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -Commissioner Donna Zimmerman will provide details. It is the intent of the Commission to establish and annually fund an Employee Engagement Committee (EEC). In an effort to move forward with the EEC, the Commission solicited members. At this time, membership will be considered. Appointment period to end December 31, 2024, with the initial EEC members charged with the development of bylaws, short- and long-term goals, project development and to create and host a holiday event for all employees.&nbsp; &nbsp;D. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: 2023 Server Upgrade Project: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -Dereck Hollingshead, Information Technology Director, will present details. On August 31, 2023, the Information Technology Department released the 2023 Server Upgrade Project Request for Proposal (RFP). The department sought pricing for hardware and software to upgrade two (2) servers. The hardware and software to upgrade these two (2) servers will allow Barton County Information Technology to replace a minimum of seven (7) servers. Two vendors submitted bids. It is noted that the Ellinwood and Great Bend Police Departments will reimburse the County for a portion of the cost and that there will be additional software costs.&nbsp; &nbsp;E. JUVENILE SERVICES: Request for Proposal – Juvenile Services Fleet Insurance: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -Marissa Woodmansee, Juvenile Services Director, will present details. Juvenile Services released a Request for Proposal (RFP) for fleet insurance with a September 15, 2023, deadline. The RFP called for coverage for four (4) vehicles and 21 staff members, traveling in a five-County area transporting youth and families, as well as other business travel. Two bids were received.\&nbsp; &nbsp;F. DISTRICT CORONER: Appointment of Special Deputy Coroners: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -Matt Patzner, County Administrator, will provide details. Dr. Patrick Stiles was re-appointed as District Coroner effective January 1, 2023. At the recommendation of Ellsworth County, Dr. Stiles requests that Nathaniel Florian be appointed as a Special Deputy Coroner.&nbsp; &nbsp;G. EXECUTIVE SESSION: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -Chairman Shawn Hutchinson will present. Any Commissioner may make a motion for the board to recess to executive session at this time as allowed by K.S.A. 75-4319. Any motion must contain the justification for the executive session, the subject matter to be discussed, any individuals in addition to the board who will attend the executive session and the time at which the regular session shall resume.V. ENDING BUSINESS – After new items are heard by the Commission, the following items, including announcements, will be heard.&nbsp; &nbsp;A. ANNOUNCEMENTS: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -Following the close of the Agenda Meeting, the Commission will consider the authorization of personnel changes for classified positions, sign any documentation approved during the agenda meeting or sign any other documentation required for regular County business. Similar action may take place throughout the day. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -County officials, individually or in groups, may visit the Courthouse or those buildings being used for displaced Courthouse offices during the HVAC improvement project. With the Courthouse located at 1400 Main, other buildings being used for housing are 1520 Main and 1709 Main, Great Bend, Kansas.&nbsp; &nbsp;B. APPOINTMENTS: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -Although subject to change, the following appointments have been scheduled:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 9:45 a.m. or following the close of the Agenda Meeting – Insurance Review – Freedom Claims with Matt Patzner, County Administrator, and Brenda Kaiser, Human Resource Director.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 11:00 a.m. – Year End-Outcomes and Program Update – Amy Boxberger, CKCC Director.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 11:30 a.m. – Conditional Use Permit – Communications Tower – Judy Goreham, Environmental Manager.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1:30 p.m. – Program Update – Barry McManaman, County Engineer.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2:00 p.m. – Update on Transmission Repair – Jennifer Hamby, Solid Waste Director.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2:15 p.m. – Regular Business Discussion – Matt Patzner, County Administrator.THE COUNTY EDITION, KVGB-AM – Thursdays at 11:05 a.m. Members of the Juvenile Services office are scheduled for September 28, 2023.VI. OTHER BUSINESS: &nbsp; &nbsp;A. Discussion Items. &nbsp; &nbsp;B. Citizens or organizations may present requests or proposals for initial consideration. &nbsp; &nbsp;C. The Commissioners are available to the public on Tuesdays during regular business hours. &nbsp; &nbsp;D. One or more Commissioners may be present in the Commission Chambers conducting county business throughout the day on Tuesdays. &nbsp; &nbsp;E. The Commissioners may, individually, schedule personal appointments related to County business at their discretion. &nbsp; &nbsp;F. The next Regular Meeting will be at 9:00 a.m., Tuesday, October 3, 2023.VII. ADJOURN.

Barton County Commission meeting agenda (9/26)

More than 25% of American’s 65+ fall each year. One fall can drastically alter quality of life and reduce independence. In fact, falls are the leading cause of both fatal and nonfatal injuries among seniors each year. The good news is that falls are not a natural part of aging and steps can be taken to reduce your risk of falling!

Look for an exercise program in your community that focuses on strength, balance, and flexibility. Reach out to your local Area Agency on Aging or K-State Research and Extension to find a class.

You spend most of your time at home, so make sure it’s a safe space. Increase lighting, remove floor clutter, rearrange furniture to open up the flow of traffic, and install grab bars.

Consult your healthcare provider to assess your fall risk, discuss recent falls, and review medications that may affect balance and coordination.

4. Go for regular vision and hearing checkups.

The eyes and ears provide us with vital senses that affect balance, so it’s important to strive for good vision and hearing health.

Fall prevention is a group effort, and family members can help you spot fall risks, and be a team to call on for help. To check your risk of falling, visit https://www.ncoa.org/age-well-planner/assessment/falls-free-checkup to take a short quiz.

Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/6/1687379815245.png" alt="written by: Karissa Winkel - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Karissa Winkel - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>More than 25% of American’s 65+ fall each year. One fall can drastically alter quality of life and reduce independence. In fact, falls are the leading cause of both fatal and nonfatal injuries among seniors each year. The good news is that falls are not a natural part of aging and steps can be taken to reduce your risk of falling!1. Stay active.Look for an exercise program in your community that focuses on strength, balance, and flexibility. Reach out to your local Area Agency on Aging or K-State Research and Extension to find a class.2. Assess your home.You spend most of your time at home, so make sure it’s a safe space. Increase lighting, remove floor clutter, rearrange furniture to open up the flow of traffic, and install grab bars.3. Talk to your doctor.Consult your healthcare provider to assess your fall risk, discuss recent falls, and review medications that may affect balance and coordination.4. Go for regular vision and hearing checkups.The eyes and ears provide us with vital senses that affect balance, so it’s important to strive for good vision and hearing health.5. Find support.Fall prevention is a group effort, and family members can help you spot fall risks, and be a team to call on for help. To check your risk of falling, visit https://www.ncoa.org/age-well-planner/assessment/falls-free-checkup to take a short quiz.Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

WINKEL: Fall Prevention - Reduce your risk

Seed treatments are an important part of wheat production in Kansas. An updated version of the K-State publication MF2955, Seed Treatment Fungicides for Wheat Disease Management 2023 is now available at: http://www.ksre.ksu.edu/bookstore/pubs/MF2955.pdf

This updated publication features updated product efficacy information, recommendations for setting seed treatment priorities, considerations for seed treatment success, a key to common seed treatment active ingredients, and a list of some of the more common seed treatments labeled for use in Kansas.

It is important to make sure the seed treatment chosen matches the diseases and pests you are looking to control. Most seed treatments available for wheat in Kansas include one or more fungicide active ingredients (FRAC CODES 3 or 11) that provide protection against a suite of seedborne fungal diseases (common bunt, loose smut, flag smut) as well as soilborne seedling diseases which may result in poor emergence or damping off. These products may also provide early-season suppression of foliar diseases like powdery mildew and rusts. These products may provide suppression of root and foot rots but will not provide full season control against spring infections. Some seed treatments include metalaxyl or mefenoxam (FRAC CODE 4) which control soilborne oomycete diseases like Pythium root rot. Some products also contain insecticides like imidacloprid or thiamethoxam for early-season control of aphids, wireworms, and other insect pests. It is important to note that seed treatments will only provide protection from diseases and pests for approximately 30-45 days after planting and do not provide disease or insect control through the spring months. It is important to take note of grazing restrictions if the seed treatment contains an insecticide.

Adequate seed coverage is critical to ensure the maximum efficacy of any seed treatment products. Seed that is heavily contaminated with chaff or dust may limit the adherence of seed treatments. In addition, if too much clumping of the product occurs, the seed may not be uniformly covered and may not flow well through planting equipment.

Seed treatment priorities in 2023 Fusarium head blight (scab) in northwest Kansas: Fusarium head blight is a serious disease that can result in direct yield loss, discounts, and rejections due to mycotoxin (DON) accumulation, and loss of seed viability. Seed saved from fields with Fusarium head blight may face emergence issues in the fall. Luckily, seed treatments and proper seed cleaning can greatly reduce stand loss in these seed lots. In 2023, there were higher-than-normal levels of Fusarium head blight in northwest Kansas due to untimely rainfall while wheat was flowering. Affected seed lots should be tested for germination (recent eUpdate article on seed tests and considered as candidates for a seed treatment containing a FRAC 3 or FRAC 11 fungicide (such as difenoconazole, prothioconazole, or tebuconazole).

Loose smut control and common bunt, sometimes called, “stinking smut”, can be controlled very effectively with most commercial treatments. Some regions of the state have struggled with these diseases in recent years. If you are planning to keep seed that is known to have or has been exposed to common bunt, it is critical to use a fungicide seed treatment or to purchase certified seed to avoid problems in the future.

Seed treatments can aid stand establishment when planting wheat after soybean harvest, even on seed that has high test weight and good germination. Planting wheat late into cool, wet soils often delays emergence and reduces the tillering capacity of wheat seedlings. This reduced tillering capacity diminishes the plant's ability to compensate for stand loss and maintain yield potential.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Seed treatments are an important part of wheat production in Kansas. An updated version of the K-State publication MF2955, Seed Treatment Fungicides for Wheat Disease Management 2023 is now available at: http://www.ksre.ksu.edu/bookstore/pubs/MF2955.pdfThis updated publication features updated product efficacy information, recommendations for setting seed treatment priorities, considerations for seed treatment success, a key to common seed treatment active ingredients, and a list of some of the more common seed treatments labeled for use in Kansas.It is important to make sure the seed treatment chosen matches the diseases and pests you are looking to control. Most seed treatments available for wheat in Kansas include one or more fungicide active ingredients (FRAC CODES 3 or 11) that provide protection against a suite of seedborne fungal diseases (common bunt, loose smut, flag smut) as well as soilborne seedling diseases which may result in poor emergence or damping off. These products may also provide early-season suppression of foliar diseases like powdery mildew and rusts. These products may provide suppression of root and foot rots but will not provide full season control against spring infections. Some seed treatments include metalaxyl or mefenoxam (FRAC CODE 4) which control soilborne oomycete diseases like Pythium root rot. Some products also contain insecticides like imidacloprid or thiamethoxam for early-season control of aphids, wireworms, and other insect pests. It is important to note that seed treatments will only provide protection from diseases and pests for approximately 30-45 days after planting and do not provide disease or insect control through the spring months. It is important to take note of grazing restrictions if the seed treatment contains an insecticide.Adequate seed coverage is critical to ensure the maximum efficacy of any seed treatment products. Seed that is heavily contaminated with chaff or dust may limit the adherence of seed treatments. In addition, if too much clumping of the product occurs, the seed may not be uniformly covered and may not flow well through planting equipment.Seed treatment priorities in 2023 Fusarium head blight (scab) in northwest Kansas: Fusarium head blight is a serious disease that can result in direct yield loss, discounts, and rejections due to mycotoxin (DON) accumulation, and loss of seed viability. Seed saved from fields with Fusarium head blight may face emergence issues in the fall. Luckily, seed treatments and proper seed cleaning can greatly reduce stand loss in these seed lots. In 2023, there were higher-than-normal levels of Fusarium head blight in northwest Kansas due to untimely rainfall while wheat was flowering. Affected seed lots should be tested for germination (recent eUpdate article on seed tests and considered as candidates for a seed treatment containing a FRAC 3 or FRAC 11 fungicide (such as difenoconazole, prothioconazole, or tebuconazole).Loose smut control and common bunt, sometimes called, “stinking smut”, can be controlled very effectively with most commercial treatments. Some regions of the state have struggled with these diseases in recent years. If you are planning to keep seed that is known to have or has been exposed to common bunt, it is critical to use a fungicide seed treatment or to purchase certified seed to avoid problems in the future.Seed treatments can aid stand establishment when planting wheat after soybean harvest, even on seed that has high test weight and good germination. Planting wheat late into cool, wet soils often delays emergence and reduces the tillering capacity of wheat seedlings. This reduced tillering capacity diminishes the plant's ability to compensate for stand loss and maintain yield potential.

CAMPBELL: Seed treatment important part of wheat production

Senior Health Insurance Counseling for Kansas (SHICK) offers one-on-one, non-biased counseling and assistance to individuals and families either getting ready to sign up for Medicare, or those who already have Medicare.

Medicare Open Enrollment is from October 15-December 7. During this time period you can:

· Change from Original Medicare to a Medicare Advantage Plan.

· Change from a Medicare Advantage Plan back to Original Medicare.

· Switch from one Medicare Advantage Plan to another Medicare Advantage Plan.

· Switch from a Medicare Advantage Plan that doesn't offer drug coverage to a Medicare Advantage Plan that offers drug coverage.

· Switch from a Medicare Advantage Plan that offers drug coverage to a Medicare Advantage Plan that doesn't offer drug coverage.

· Join a Medicare Prescription Drug Plan.

· Switch from one Medicare drug plan to another Medicare drug plan.

· Drop your Medicare prescription drug coverage completely.

Volunteer counselors receive training on Medicare, Medicare Supplemental Insurance, and other health insurance issues that concern Kansans. SHICK counselors are not affiliated with the insurance industry. If you are new to Medicare or have questions about Medicare or Medicare-related issues, SHICK counselors at the Cottonwood Extension office are taking one-on-one appointments for October. Call 620-793-1910 to learn more.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/6/1687379815245.png" alt="written by: Karissa Winkel - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Karissa Winkel - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Senior Health Insurance Counseling for Kansas (SHICK) offers one-on-one, non-biased counseling and assistance to individuals and families either getting ready to sign up for Medicare, or those who already have Medicare.Medicare Open EnrollmentMedicare Open Enrollment is from October 15-December 7. During this time period you can:· Change from Original Medicare to a Medicare Advantage Plan.· Change from a Medicare Advantage Plan back to Original Medicare.· Switch from one Medicare Advantage Plan to another Medicare Advantage Plan.· Switch from a Medicare Advantage Plan that doesn't offer drug coverage to a Medicare Advantage Plan that offers drug coverage.· Switch from a Medicare Advantage Plan that offers drug coverage to a Medicare Advantage Plan that doesn't offer drug coverage.· Join a Medicare Prescription Drug Plan.· Switch from one Medicare drug plan to another Medicare drug plan.· Drop your Medicare prescription drug coverage completely.Volunteer counselors receive training on Medicare, Medicare Supplemental Insurance, and other health insurance issues that concern Kansans. SHICK counselors are not affiliated with the insurance industry. If you are new to Medicare or have questions about Medicare or Medicare-related issues, SHICK counselors at the Cottonwood Extension office are taking one-on-one appointments for October. Call 620-793-1910 to learn more.Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

WINKEL: Cottonwood Extension available for Medicare open enrollment counseling

Virtual Learning Series Living Well Wednesday will begin its fall series in October. It will be the first Wednesday of the month at 12:10pm. Here is the amazing line up for October 2023-December 2023.

October 4: It's not so Kool to JUUL

Vaping is the new epidemic among youth. 25% of Kansas High School students currently vape or have vaped. What do we know about Vaping? What does it look like and who is behind this epidemic and why? So, how can we help educate the public and youth? We have learned many things about vaping in the past few years, it causes depression, is very addictive, and hard to quit. Kansas has several programs that are available to help combat this vaping problem among our youth. These topics will be discussed as well as the work going on in prevention.

Presenter: Donna Gerstner, LiveWell Finney County CDRR Grant Coordinator and the E- Cig Prevention Grant Coordinator

November 1: Teen Stress and Anxiety: How Worried Do Parents Need to Be?

This program will examine the current state of teen mental health and decipher for parents what is normal teen stress versus when professional help maybe needed. Parents want to say the right thing when their child talks about their stresses, but sometimes it is hard to find the words. This will give parents scripts and strategies to talk about these tricky topics. Christy Perez, a licensed clinical counselor, will be available to answer any of those hard questions parents may have.

Presenters: Christine D. Perez, EdS, LCPC; Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, Director of Crisis Services @ Crawford County Mental Health Center

Erin Tynon, M.S in Family Life Education and Consultation; Family Consumer Science Agent, Pottawatomie County

December 6: Rapid Development of Baby Brains and Why it Matters

Offered in Spanish on Thursday, December 7 at 11 a.m.

This session will describe the importance of early experiences for babies because of their rapid brain development. Discuss the effects of stress and trauma on brain development and actions that provide protective factors for healthy brain development in babies.

Presenters: Dr. Bradford Wiles, Kansas State University Child Development Specialist

Monique Koerner, Community Wellness Extension Agent, Cottonwood District

Tristen Cope, Family and Youth Development Agent, Chisholm Trail District

Presenter for Spanish: Elizabeth Brunscheen-Cartagena, Family Life &amp; Resource Management Agent, Sedgwick County

We are hoping to reach parents of all ages and those that interact with youth. Spanish versions will also be available through a live webinar on December 7; other topics will be offered through prerecording with links posted on website: https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/fcs/livingwellwed/

Mark your calendars and join us! If you have any questions, please feel free to get in touch with me.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt="Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District." />
 <figcaption>Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District.</figcaption>
 </figure>Virtual Learning Series Living Well Wednesday will begin its fall series in October. It will be the first Wednesday of the month at 12:10pm. Here is the amazing line up for October 2023-December 2023.October 4: It's not so Kool to JUULVaping is the new epidemic among youth. 25% of Kansas High School students currently vape or have vaped. What do we know about Vaping? What does it look like and who is behind this epidemic and why? So, how can we help educate the public and youth? We have learned many things about vaping in the past few years, it causes depression, is very addictive, and hard to quit. Kansas has several programs that are available to help combat this vaping problem among our youth. These topics will be discussed as well as the work going on in prevention.Presenter: Donna Gerstner, LiveWell Finney County CDRR Grant Coordinator and the E- Cig Prevention Grant CoordinatorNovember 1: Teen Stress and Anxiety: How Worried Do Parents Need to Be?This program will examine the current state of teen mental health and decipher for parents what is normal teen stress versus when professional help maybe needed. Parents want to say the right thing when their child talks about their stresses, but sometimes it is hard to find the words. This will give parents scripts and strategies to talk about these tricky topics. Christy Perez, a licensed clinical counselor, will be available to answer any of those hard questions parents may have.Presenters: Christine D. Perez, EdS, LCPC; Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, Director of Crisis Services @ Crawford County Mental Health CenterErin Tynon, M.S in Family Life Education and Consultation; Family Consumer Science Agent, Pottawatomie CountyDecember 6: Rapid Development of Baby Brains and Why it MattersOffered in Spanish on Thursday, December 7 at 11 a.m.This session will describe the importance of early experiences for babies because of their rapid brain development. Discuss the effects of stress and trauma on brain development and actions that provide protective factors for healthy brain development in babies.Presenters: Dr. Bradford Wiles, Kansas State University Child Development SpecialistMonique Koerner, Community Wellness Extension Agent, Cottonwood DistrictTristen Cope, Family and Youth Development Agent, Chisholm Trail DistrictPresenter for Spanish: Elizabeth Brunscheen-Cartagena, Family Life &amp; Resource Management Agent, Sedgwick CountyWe are hoping to reach parents of all ages and those that interact with youth. Spanish versions will also be available through a live webinar on December 7; other topics will be offered through prerecording with links posted on website: https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/fcs/livingwellwed/Mark your calendars and join us! If you have any questions, please feel free to get in touch with me.Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

KOERNER: Living Well Wednesday

The Kansas State Fair finished up this weekend and we couldn’t have ordered nicer weather! The fair experienced great crowds and it was so nice to see the number of people who walked through Centennial Hall or sat in the bleachers during the livestock shows.

While the midway is lots of fun, there are so many additional areas to experience! Some of my favorites are the K-State Vet Med Birthing Center, the Domestic Arts Building with all of the open class foods and quilts, and the Pride of Kansas Building. Of course, Centennial Hall is my favorite as it holds the 4-H entries!

Cottonwood-Barton 4-H members entered 57 projects which doesn’t include any livestock. A variety of ribbons were earned by these 4-H members and I hope that each family was able to attend the fair to see their items on display.

Just like the Barton County Fair, this is a showcase event for 4-H members who have worked hard on project learning all year. It is easy to get caught up in the ribbon placing but we are really celebrating the hours spent in a barn working with livestock, the dozens of time a recipe was made and kitchen skills honed, and the meticulous gathering and labeling of insects.

We have had packed schedules on both weekends for Communications presentations. Standing up in front of a crowd is hard enough but these young people are presenting in front of a crowd that may keep moving, little ones who cry or shout in the middle of their presentation, and using equipment that may be a bit different than they are used to. One of my favorite moments occurred during the first weekend when a 4-H member was really struggling as she was to present the next day. One of Kansas 4-H Youth Council members knew her and immediately began to calm and coach her. She knew that others were cheering for her and giving her good advice which helped. By the way, that 4-H member received a blue ribbon on her presentation and has set a goal to qualify again next year!

If you know a 4-H member, be sure to ask what they learned before you asked where they placed!

Keep Learning! Keep showing grace and kindness!

Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910. Kansas State University is committed to making its services, activities and programs accessible to all participants. If you have special requirements due to a physical, vision, or hearing disability.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668179445671.jpeg" alt="written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>The Kansas State Fair finished up this weekend and we couldn’t have ordered nicer weather! The fair experienced great crowds and it was so nice to see the number of people who walked through Centennial Hall or sat in the bleachers during the livestock shows.While the midway is lots of fun, there are so many additional areas to experience! Some of my favorites are the K-State Vet Med Birthing Center, the Domestic Arts Building with all of the open class foods and quilts, and the Pride of Kansas Building. Of course, Centennial Hall is my favorite as it holds the 4-H entries!Cottonwood-Barton 4-H members entered 57 projects which doesn’t include any livestock. A variety of ribbons were earned by these 4-H members and I hope that each family was able to attend the fair to see their items on display.Just like the Barton County Fair, this is a showcase event for 4-H members who have worked hard on project learning all year. It is easy to get caught up in the ribbon placing but we are really celebrating the hours spent in a barn working with livestock, the dozens of time a recipe was made and kitchen skills honed, and the meticulous gathering and labeling of insects.We have had packed schedules on both weekends for Communications presentations. Standing up in front of a crowd is hard enough but these young people are presenting in front of a crowd that may keep moving, little ones who cry or shout in the middle of their presentation, and using equipment that may be a bit different than they are used to. One of my favorite moments occurred during the first weekend when a 4-H member was really struggling as she was to present the next day. One of Kansas 4-H Youth Council members knew her and immediately began to calm and coach her. She knew that others were cheering for her and giving her good advice which helped. By the way, that 4-H member received a blue ribbon on her presentation and has set a goal to qualify again next year!If you know a 4-H member, be sure to ask what they learned before you asked where they placed!Keep Learning! Keep showing grace and kindness!Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910. Kansas State University is committed to making its services, activities and programs accessible to all participants. If you have special requirements due to a physical, vision, or hearing disability.

BERAN: State Fair follow up 

The general target date for planting wheat for optimum grain yields in Kansas is within a week of the best pest management planting date, or BPMP (formerly known as the “Hessian fly-free”) date. If forage production is the primary goal, earlier planting (mid-September) can increase forage yield. However, if grain yield is the primary goal, then waiting until the BPMP date to start planting is the best approach. Planting in mid-September is ideal for dual-purpose wheat systems where forage yields need to be maximized while reducing the effects of early planting on reduced grain yields. However, due to the current dry conditions, coupled with the outlook of continued drought in Kansas, planting wheat for dual-purpose or for forage only does not seem like a viable option this year.

While the BPMP planting date on wheat yield will hold true for most years, it will largely depend on environmental conditions and disease pressure during the growing season. In some years, earlier-planted wheat does best and in some years the later-planted wheat does best, and these year-specific performances usually relate to the weather experienced in the fall and spring. For instance, early-planted fields in growing seasons with a warm fall might produce excessive biomass that will use an excessive amount of water during the fall. If the following spring is dry, soil water deficit during grain filling then can reduce grain yield. Conversely, a warm fall would favor tillering of a later-planted wheat crop, helping to compensate for this delay. The opposite is also true: in years with an early onset of cold temperatures during the fall, an earlier planted crop might perform better than a later planted crop due to its ability to produce enough fall tillers to maximize grain yield. Research conducted by Merle Witt with late-sown wheat in Garden City from 1985 through 1991. Averaged across all these years, delaying wheat sowing from October 1 to November 1 delayed heading date by 6 days and decreased wheat yields by 23%. The grain-filling period was progressively shortened by about 1.7 days and occurred under hotter temperatures (about 1.5°F) for every month of delay in sowing date.

In dry years, seedling emergence and stand establishment can be uneven. These dry conditions can also lead to poor crown root development and fall tillering. If fields become too wet to plant by mid-October and stay that way through the remainder of the fall, then producers end up planting much later than the optimum planting date. Following an unusual year, producers will often start planting earlier than the recommended date if soil conditions are good because the negative consequences of adverse conditions are fresh on their minds. However, planting early also increases the risk of other production problems including multiple diseases, insect pests, weed infestations, and undesirable growth of the crop to name a few. To read the full article of the many risks associated with early planting and to see accompanying tables with other information related to this article (recommended planting dates, etc.) go to www.cottonwood.ksu.edu

In Summary - early sowing of wheat can lead to several problems, from increased chances of insect- or mite-transmitted viral diseases to decreased emergence due to high temperatures and its consequences on wheat germination of particular varieties and reduced coleoptile length. Ideally, growers should consider planting around the optimum window; but, if planting early due to moisture availability or a dual-purpose system, growers should consider selecting wheat varieties with tolerance to the major yield-reducing factors in their respective region. Growers should strongly consider a seed treatment with both fungicides and insecticides if planting wheat early in Kansas.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>The general target date for planting wheat for optimum grain yields in Kansas is within a week of the best pest management planting date, or BPMP (formerly known as the “Hessian fly-free”) date. If forage production is the primary goal, earlier planting (mid-September) can increase forage yield. However, if grain yield is the primary goal, then waiting until the BPMP date to start planting is the best approach. Planting in mid-September is ideal for dual-purpose wheat systems where forage yields need to be maximized while reducing the effects of early planting on reduced grain yields. However, due to the current dry conditions, coupled with the outlook of continued drought in Kansas, planting wheat for dual-purpose or for forage only does not seem like a viable option this year.While the BPMP planting date on wheat yield will hold true for most years, it will largely depend on environmental conditions and disease pressure during the growing season. In some years, earlier-planted wheat does best and in some years the later-planted wheat does best, and these year-specific performances usually relate to the weather experienced in the fall and spring. For instance, early-planted fields in growing seasons with a warm fall might produce excessive biomass that will use an excessive amount of water during the fall. If the following spring is dry, soil water deficit during grain filling then can reduce grain yield. Conversely, a warm fall would favor tillering of a later-planted wheat crop, helping to compensate for this delay. The opposite is also true: in years with an early onset of cold temperatures during the fall, an earlier planted crop might perform better than a later planted crop due to its ability to produce enough fall tillers to maximize grain yield. Research conducted by Merle Witt with late-sown wheat in Garden City from 1985 through 1991. Averaged across all these years, delaying wheat sowing from October 1 to November 1 delayed heading date by 6 days and decreased wheat yields by 23%. The grain-filling period was progressively shortened by about 1.7 days and occurred under hotter temperatures (about 1.5°F) for every month of delay in sowing date.In dry years, seedling emergence and stand establishment can be uneven. These dry conditions can also lead to poor crown root development and fall tillering. If fields become too wet to plant by mid-October and stay that way through the remainder of the fall, then producers end up planting much later than the optimum planting date. Following an unusual year, producers will often start planting earlier than the recommended date if soil conditions are good because the negative consequences of adverse conditions are fresh on their minds. However, planting early also increases the risk of other production problems including multiple diseases, insect pests, weed infestations, and undesirable growth of the crop to name a few. To read the full article of the many risks associated with early planting and to see accompanying tables with other information related to this article (recommended planting dates, etc.) go to www.cottonwood.ksu.eduIn Summary - early sowing of wheat can lead to several problems, from increased chances of insect- or mite-transmitted viral diseases to decreased emergence due to high temperatures and its consequences on wheat germination of particular varieties and reduced coleoptile length. Ideally, growers should consider planting around the optimum window; but, if planting early due to moisture availability or a dual-purpose system, growers should consider selecting wheat varieties with tolerance to the major yield-reducing factors in their respective region. Growers should strongly consider a seed treatment with both fungicides and insecticides if planting wheat early in Kansas.

CAMPBELL: Be cautious of planting wheat too early

Forage growing conditions across Kansas ranged from exceptionally wet in some regions to drought in others. The much-needed rainfall in the western regions of the state were a welcome change but also created an increase in weed pressure in hay fields and made timely harvesting of forages challenging. The rapid on-set of drought in the central and North-central region of the state stressed forages and crops mid-season. All of these conditions could potentially affect forage quality and may greatly increase the risk of mold and nitrates in harvested forages, which can be harmful and toxic to livestock. This is the year to test your harvested forages! As the old saying goes “don’t guess…test”.

When submitting a forage sample for testing, the basic components of a forage analysis are dry matter (moisture), crude protein, an estimate of the energy content of the feedstuff (Total Digestible Nutrients (TDN), Net Energy for Maintenance (NEm), Net Energy for gain (NEg), and the macro minerals, Calcium and Phosphorous. These are the most basic analytical procedures that are required to evaluate forages and balance rations. However, there are some additional analyses that can offer insight into the quality of the forage or improve our ability to predict animal performance. I recommend that the report include acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF).

The amount of NDF in forage reflects the amount of cell wall contents (hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin) within the sample. The NDF fraction is often associated with the respective bulkiness of forage and is correlated with dry matter intake of the forage or feedstuff. Therefore, the amount of NDF may be used to estimate the expected dry matter intake associated with the forage. The ADF number represents the amount of cellulose and lignin within the forage and is correlated with the respective digestibility of the forage. In general, a higher ADF value is associated with forage that has a greater proportion of cellulose and lignin and would likely be more mature. Additionally, the ADF fraction is used to calculate the energy estimates TDN, NEm, and NEg that appear on the report. As forages mature, ADF increases and energy content decreases.

If the forage is a known nitrate accumulator (forage sorghums, crop residues, cereal hay), contains weeds that accumulate nitrates (kochia, lambsquarters, sunflower, pigweed, Johnsongrass) or was stressed (i.e. drought, hail damage) prior to harvesting, a nitrate analysis is recommended. Nitrates can be managed by blending forages to dilute out the mold or nitrates. However, the concentrations must be known to accurately dilute the mold and nitrates to safe concentrations.

Most analytical laboratories have a number of different analysis packages available. These packages typically include the basic analytical procedures outlined above (DM, CP, TDN) and then add on specific analyses such as NDF, or the Macrominerals (Ca, P, Mg, K, Na, Cl, S). Mold counts or nitrate analyses are usually offered as separate analytical procedures and must be requested separately for additional fees. In addition, some labs may not offer all services in-house and may send samples to other laboratories for analysis, which can require additional time. If you have questions regarding forage sampling or need assistance submitting hay samples to an analytical laboratory, please contact your local Extension professional.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Forage growing conditions across Kansas ranged from exceptionally wet in some regions to drought in others. The much-needed rainfall in the western regions of the state were a welcome change but also created an increase in weed pressure in hay fields and made timely harvesting of forages challenging. The rapid on-set of drought in the central and North-central region of the state stressed forages and crops mid-season. All of these conditions could potentially affect forage quality and may greatly increase the risk of mold and nitrates in harvested forages, which can be harmful and toxic to livestock. This is the year to test your harvested forages! As the old saying goes “don’t guess…test”.When submitting a forage sample for testing, the basic components of a forage analysis are dry matter (moisture), crude protein, an estimate of the energy content of the feedstuff (Total Digestible Nutrients (TDN), Net Energy for Maintenance (NEm), Net Energy for gain (NEg), and the macro minerals, Calcium and Phosphorous. These are the most basic analytical procedures that are required to evaluate forages and balance rations. However, there are some additional analyses that can offer insight into the quality of the forage or improve our ability to predict animal performance. I recommend that the report include acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF).The amount of NDF in forage reflects the amount of cell wall contents (hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin) within the sample. The NDF fraction is often associated with the respective bulkiness of forage and is correlated with dry matter intake of the forage or feedstuff. Therefore, the amount of NDF may be used to estimate the expected dry matter intake associated with the forage. The ADF number represents the amount of cellulose and lignin within the forage and is correlated with the respective digestibility of the forage. In general, a higher ADF value is associated with forage that has a greater proportion of cellulose and lignin and would likely be more mature. Additionally, the ADF fraction is used to calculate the energy estimates TDN, NEm, and NEg that appear on the report. As forages mature, ADF increases and energy content decreases.If the forage is a known nitrate accumulator (forage sorghums, crop residues, cereal hay), contains weeds that accumulate nitrates (kochia, lambsquarters, sunflower, pigweed, Johnsongrass) or was stressed (i.e. drought, hail damage) prior to harvesting, a nitrate analysis is recommended. Nitrates can be managed by blending forages to dilute out the mold or nitrates. However, the concentrations must be known to accurately dilute the mold and nitrates to safe concentrations.Most analytical laboratories have a number of different analysis packages available. These packages typically include the basic analytical procedures outlined above (DM, CP, TDN) and then add on specific analyses such as NDF, or the Macrominerals (Ca, P, Mg, K, Na, Cl, S). Mold counts or nitrate analyses are usually offered as separate analytical procedures and must be requested separately for additional fees. In addition, some labs may not offer all services in-house and may send samples to other laboratories for analysis, which can require additional time. If you have questions regarding forage sampling or need assistance submitting hay samples to an analytical laboratory, please contact your local Extension professional.Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

BOOR: Test your harvested forages

Breakfast. Either you love it or you skip it. It’s a meal that not everyone makes a priority, and it is often easier to hit the snooze button than to cook first thing in the morning. Although there is strong evidence that breakfast eaters are more likely to have a lower BMI, have better cognitive performance, and are less likely to snack throughout the day. Fueling up at breakfast is similar to fueling up the car before a long road trip. You wouldn’t be able to drive very far on fumes, so why would you expect your body to function optimally on an empty stomach?

If you want to make breakfast a regular part of your day, here are a few strategies to simplify your routine:

1. Just Break the Fast. If the idea of breakfast turns your stomach, don’t fret. The term “breakfast” simply means to break the fast, and we all do it whether it is at 7 a.m. or noon. Ideally, consuming something within 2 hours of waking energizes the body and reduces brain fog, but listening to your body is key. Packing breakfast on the go may be a good option if you don’t feel hungry until mid-morning. Having a late breakfast is still better than becoming overly hungry which leads to overeating throughout the day.

2. Prep the Night Before. Making breakfast ahead of time will make your morning routine a breeze. Visualize MyPlate when creating your breakfast with fruits, veggies, lean protein, whole grains, and healthy fats. Here are a few balanced options that can be made in advance:

· Greek yogurt parfaits with whole-grain granola, mixed nuts, and fruit

· Hard-boiled egg with toast, avocado, and tomato

· Overnight oats with milk, Greek yogurt, peanut butter, and fruit

· Freezer breakfast burritos with scrambled eggs, cheese, spinach, and a whole-grain tortilla

3. No Food Rules. In the US, we have definitions of what we consider “breakfast foods,” but it doesn’t necessarily matter what you choose to have first thing in the morning. Fueling up with a balanced meal is what is important. For example, if leftovers from supper sound good the next morning, this would make for a quick meal and help reduce food waste.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/6/1687379815245.png" alt="written by: Karissa Winkel - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Karissa Winkel - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Breakfast. Either you love it or you skip it. It’s a meal that not everyone makes a priority, and it is often easier to hit the snooze button than to cook first thing in the morning. Although there is strong evidence that breakfast eaters are more likely to have a lower BMI, have better cognitive performance, and are less likely to snack throughout the day. Fueling up at breakfast is similar to fueling up the car before a long road trip. You wouldn’t be able to drive very far on fumes, so why would you expect your body to function optimally on an empty stomach?If you want to make breakfast a regular part of your day, here are a few strategies to simplify your routine:1. Just Break the Fast. If the idea of breakfast turns your stomach, don’t fret. The term “breakfast” simply means to break the fast, and we all do it whether it is at 7 a.m. or noon. Ideally, consuming something within 2 hours of waking energizes the body and reduces brain fog, but listening to your body is key. Packing breakfast on the go may be a good option if you don’t feel hungry until mid-morning. Having a late breakfast is still better than becoming overly hungry which leads to overeating throughout the day.2. Prep the Night Before. Making breakfast ahead of time will make your morning routine a breeze. Visualize MyPlate when creating your breakfast with fruits, veggies, lean protein, whole grains, and healthy fats. Here are a few balanced options that can be made in advance:· Greek yogurt parfaits with whole-grain granola, mixed nuts, and fruit· Hard-boiled egg with toast, avocado, and tomato· Overnight oats with milk, Greek yogurt, peanut butter, and fruit· Freezer breakfast burritos with scrambled eggs, cheese, spinach, and a whole-grain tortilla3. No Food Rules. In the US, we have definitions of what we consider “breakfast foods,” but it doesn’t necessarily matter what you choose to have first thing in the morning. Fueling up with a balanced meal is what is important. For example, if leftovers from supper sound good the next morning, this would make for a quick meal and help reduce food waste.Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

WINKEL: Make breakfast a no-brainer

Wheat streak mosaic virus could be problematic this coming season, with rainfall and hail events around the state. One of the best preventative measures for wheat streak is the control of volunteer wheat early and often after harvest. If volunteer wheat is allowed to stand, it creates a “green bridge”, allowing wheat streak mosaic and wheat curl mites to survive locally. Volunteer wheat should be terminated at least two weeks prior to planting to allow sufficient time for mites to die off. Growers should be mindful of volunteer wheat that may “hide” in double-cropped soybeans or cover crops.

Breaking the “green bridge” - wheat curl mites will move off growing wheat as the green tissue dries down and dies. After moving off the existing wheat at or near harvest time, the mites need to find green tissue of a suitable host soon or they will die (death of the whole population will take approximately 2 weeks).

Management with genetic resistance: One tool in the toolbox -other than timely control of volunteer wheat, genetic resistance is also an important tool for WSMV control. Genetic resistance to wheat streak mosaic can also reduce the risk of severe disease problems. There are currently several that have wheat streak mosaic resistance.

Some of these varieties have a gene named WSM2. These resistance genes help but have some serious limitations. For example, they are effective against wheat streak mosaic virus, but not against triticum mosaic or wheat mosaic virus (high plains disease), two other viral diseases spread by wheat curl mites, sometimes simultaneously. The resistance conferred by WSM2 is also temperature sensitive and is much less effective at high temperatures

Although resistance in a few varieties seem to endure greater temperatures before breaking down (~ 70º F). If wheat is planted early for grazing or if high temperatures persist into October, the resistance is much less effective.

In addition, there are a handful of varieties with resistance to the wheat curl mite. These varieties remain susceptible to viral diseases, but they generally slow the development of the mite populations in the fall. This resistance can help reduce the risk of severe disease but will not provide enough protection if wheat is planted in close proximity to volunteer wheat or other hosts infested with large populations of the curl mites and virus.

Unfortunately, many of these varieties are adapted to Western Kansas and may not be the best options for production systems in the central corridor. There are some central Kansas-adapted

varieties that tolerate WSMV infection better than others. These varieties will still show symptoms of WSMV, but may yield better than other varieties that are more susceptible. More information on variety selection can be found at www.cottonwood.ksu.edu click onto the Crops and Livestock tab and look under Hot Topics. Also the full version of this abbreviated article is listed there too.

Other hosts for the wheat curl mite -volunteer wheat is not the only host of the wheat curl mite. Over the years, multiple research studies have evaluated the suitability of wild grasses as hosts for both the curl mite and the wheat streak virus. The K-State Research and Extension publication, MF3383 - Wheat Streak Mosaic, includes information about grassy weed hosts of the mite and virus, and the contribution of these hosts to the risk of severe wheat streak mosaic infections. Take note of significant stands of these grasses in marginal areas and control them as you would volunteer wheat.

If volunteer wheat and other hosts are not controlled throughout the summer and become infested with wheat curl mites, the mites will survive until fall and could infest newly planted wheat. Wheat curl mite infestations of wheat often lead to wheat streak mosaic infections.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Wheat streak mosaic virus could be problematic this coming season, with rainfall and hail events around the state. One of the best preventative measures for wheat streak is the control of volunteer wheat early and often after harvest. If volunteer wheat is allowed to stand, it creates a “green bridge”, allowing wheat streak mosaic and wheat curl mites to survive locally. Volunteer wheat should be terminated at least two weeks prior to planting to allow sufficient time for mites to die off. Growers should be mindful of volunteer wheat that may “hide” in double-cropped soybeans or cover crops.Breaking the “green bridge” - wheat curl mites will move off growing wheat as the green tissue dries down and dies. After moving off the existing wheat at or near harvest time, the mites need to find green tissue of a suitable host soon or they will die (death of the whole population will take approximately 2 weeks).Management with genetic resistance: One tool in the toolbox -other than timely control of volunteer wheat, genetic resistance is also an important tool for WSMV control. Genetic resistance to wheat streak mosaic can also reduce the risk of severe disease problems. There are currently several that have wheat streak mosaic resistance.Some of these varieties have a gene named WSM2. These resistance genes help but have some serious limitations. For example, they are effective against wheat streak mosaic virus, but not against triticum mosaic or wheat mosaic virus (high plains disease), two other viral diseases spread by wheat curl mites, sometimes simultaneously. The resistance conferred by WSM2 is also temperature sensitive and is much less effective at high temperaturesAlthough resistance in a few varieties seem to endure greater temperatures before breaking down (~ 70º F). If wheat is planted early for grazing or if high temperatures persist into October, the resistance is much less effective.In addition, there are a handful of varieties with resistance to the wheat curl mite. These varieties remain susceptible to viral diseases, but they generally slow the development of the mite populations in the fall. This resistance can help reduce the risk of severe disease but will not provide enough protection if wheat is planted in close proximity to volunteer wheat or other hosts infested with large populations of the curl mites and virus.Unfortunately, many of these varieties are adapted to Western Kansas and may not be the best options for production systems in the central corridor. There are some central Kansas-adaptedvarieties that tolerate WSMV infection better than others. These varieties will still show symptoms of WSMV, but may yield better than other varieties that are more susceptible. More information on variety selection can be found at www.cottonwood.ksu.edu click onto the Crops and Livestock tab and look under Hot Topics. Also the full version of this abbreviated article is listed there too.Other hosts for the wheat curl mite -volunteer wheat is not the only host of the wheat curl mite. Over the years, multiple research studies have evaluated the suitability of wild grasses as hosts for both the curl mite and the wheat streak virus. The K-State Research and Extension publication, MF3383 - Wheat Streak Mosaic, includes information about grassy weed hosts of the mite and virus, and the contribution of these hosts to the risk of severe wheat streak mosaic infections. Take note of significant stands of these grasses in marginal areas and control them as you would volunteer wheat.If volunteer wheat and other hosts are not controlled throughout the summer and become infested with wheat curl mites, the mites will survive until fall and could infest newly planted wheat. Wheat curl mite infestations of wheat often lead to wheat streak mosaic infections.

CAMPBELL: Wheat streak mosaic virus - control of volunteer is crucial

We had so much fun last year we are doing it again! K-State Research and Extension Cottonwood District will be hosting our annual make and take pizza night in honor of National Family Day on September 25, 2023 from 4:00pm to 6:00pm at our office located at 601 Main Street in Hays.

Family Day is a national effort to promote family dinners. Research shows family dinners are a great way to reduce youth substance abuse and other risky behaviors as reported by The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Colombia University. Not only are family dinners a way to bring families together but young children can also learn valuable life skills. Cooking is an important life skill for children to learn before they grow up and are out on their own. Knowing how to plan menus, budget for food, and follow a recipe provides many skills that will help children as they become adults. Knowing how to cook meals versus heating something up from a box can also aid our children’s health. Processed foods often have many added ingredients that can lead to health issues. Having children help in the kitchen teaches them math skills and to follow directions. When children help prepare meals they tend to have more motivation to eat the meal as well. If they have taken part in preparation they are more likely to try new foods and recipes. This can be particularly helpful for picky eaters!

I want to give a shout out to our sponsors. Papa Murphy’s donates the pizza crusts and Kiwanis gives a donation to help buy toppings and fruit and vegetables.

Come join us for a low cost and healthy meal that you can make with your children. Please RSVP and pay the $3 per pizza (Limit 2 per family) at 601 Main Street by Sept 22, 2023. New this year is online registration. Use the QR code or link: https://kstate.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_cSYekhat5YJVI1g

I hope to see many of you there. If you ever have any questions or would like a program about healthy eating, food safety, budgeting, or staying active, please reach out to me. You can find me at our office on Main street or you can call or email anytime.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt="Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District." />
 <figcaption>Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District.</figcaption>
 </figure>We had so much fun last year we are doing it again! K-State Research and Extension Cottonwood District will be hosting our annual make and take pizza night in honor of National Family Day on September 25, 2023 from 4:00pm to 6:00pm at our office located at 601 Main Street in Hays.Family Day is a national effort to promote family dinners. Research shows family dinners are a great way to reduce youth substance abuse and other risky behaviors as reported by The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Colombia University. Not only are family dinners a way to bring families together but young children can also learn valuable life skills. Cooking is an important life skill for children to learn before they grow up and are out on their own. Knowing how to plan menus, budget for food, and follow a recipe provides many skills that will help children as they become adults. Knowing how to cook meals versus heating something up from a box can also aid our children’s health. Processed foods often have many added ingredients that can lead to health issues. Having children help in the kitchen teaches them math skills and to follow directions. When children help prepare meals they tend to have more motivation to eat the meal as well. If they have taken part in preparation they are more likely to try new foods and recipes. This can be particularly helpful for picky eaters!I want to give a shout out to our sponsors. Papa Murphy’s donates the pizza crusts and Kiwanis gives a donation to help buy toppings and fruit and vegetables.Come join us for a low cost and healthy meal that you can make with your children. Please RSVP and pay the $3 per pizza (Limit 2 per family) at 601 Main Street by Sept 22, 2023. New this year is online registration. Use the QR code or link: https://kstate.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_cSYekhat5YJVI1gI hope to see many of you there. If you ever have any questions or would like a program about healthy eating, food safety, budgeting, or staying active, please reach out to me. You can find me at our office on Main street or you can call or email anytime.Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

KOERNER: Extension's family pizza day

Summer is filled with colorful fruits and vegetables, from watermelon to tomatoes to fresh corn on the cob. It’s the season to indulge in foods that are tasty and good for you, too!

We all know that it’s important to include fruits and vegetables in our diets. Here are a few key factors to encourage you to opt for produce. The fiber in fruits and veggies helps keep you full, helps improve digestion, and helps reduce the risks and effects of several diseases such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and high blood pressure.

Many fruits and vegetables are packed with vitamins and minerals that our bodies can't produce on their own. This is why experts recommend filling half of your plate during meals with fruits and vegetables.

By consuming more fruits and vegetables, you fill up faster on low-calorie foods. This can help reduce weight and reduce cravings for sugary and fatty foods. This is because your body is likely getting the nutrients it needs and filling up on fiber. The good news is that whether produce is fresh, frozen, canned, or dried, fruits and vegetables can be consumed year-round.

National Fruits and Veggies Month also comes with a reminder to cut food waste in the United States. The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that nearly 40% of food waste occurs at home.

Before shopping at the store, shop your kitchen first. Plan meals and snacks based on what you have available, and make a meal schedule to help use up produce before it spoils. This will help cut your grocery bill and minimize food waste.

Other tips for reducing food waste include:

· Add perishable foods to a casserole, salad or soup.

· Don’t buy in bulk if it’s not an item you can use quickly.

· Prepare fresh produce so that it’s easy to grab and go for easy snacks.

· If food is spoiled, consider composting if you have space available.

More information on incorporating fruits and vegetables into your daily diet plan – not just in September – is available from several sources, including:

· K-State Research and Extension food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health: ksre.ksu.edu/humannutrition.

· Produce for a Better Health Foundation: https://fruitsandveggies.org · USDA MyPlate: https://www.myplate.gov/eat-healthy/what-is-myplate

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/6/1687379815245.png" alt="written by: Karissa Winkel - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Karissa Winkel - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Summer is filled with colorful fruits and vegetables, from watermelon to tomatoes to fresh corn on the cob. It’s the season to indulge in foods that are tasty and good for you, too!We all know that it’s important to include fruits and vegetables in our diets. Here are a few key factors to encourage you to opt for produce. The fiber in fruits and veggies helps keep you full, helps improve digestion, and helps reduce the risks and effects of several diseases such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and high blood pressure.Many fruits and vegetables are packed with vitamins and minerals that our bodies can't produce on their own. This is why experts recommend filling half of your plate during meals with fruits and vegetables.By consuming more fruits and vegetables, you fill up faster on low-calorie foods. This can help reduce weight and reduce cravings for sugary and fatty foods. This is because your body is likely getting the nutrients it needs and filling up on fiber. The good news is that whether produce is fresh, frozen, canned, or dried, fruits and vegetables can be consumed year-round.National Fruits and Veggies Month also comes with a reminder to cut food waste in the United States. The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that nearly 40% of food waste occurs at home.Before shopping at the store, shop your kitchen first. Plan meals and snacks based on what you have available, and make a meal schedule to help use up produce before it spoils. This will help cut your grocery bill and minimize food waste.Other tips for reducing food waste include:· Add perishable foods to a casserole, salad or soup.· Freeze fresh produce to use later.· Don’t buy in bulk if it’s not an item you can use quickly.· Prepare fresh produce so that it’s easy to grab and go for easy snacks.· If food is spoiled, consider composting if you have space available.More information on incorporating fruits and vegetables into your daily diet plan – not just in September – is available from several sources, including:· K-State Research and Extension food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health: ksre.ksu.edu/humannutrition.· Produce for a Better Health Foundation: https://fruitsandveggies.org · USDA MyPlate: https://www.myplate.gov/eat-healthy/what-is-myplateKarissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

WINKEL: September - National Fruits and Vegetables Month

Suicide is a preventable mental health crisis. As of 2022, Kansas ranked 17th&nbsp;in the nation for suicides. It was also the second leading cause of death for ages 10-44. And sadly overall, it is the 10th&nbsp;leading cause of death in our State. Every person knows someone that has either attempted or competed a suicide. With work to destigmatize mental health problems surrounding suicide, we can make inroads to reduce both attempted and completed suicides.

Knowing the signs someone is struggling is an important first step. On many occasions, a change in behavior or lack of interest in things they normally enjoy are key indicators.&nbsp;&nbsp;Someone who is struggling may also be anxious or worried. They may mention that they are unhappy or seem quieter or more withdrawn than normal. They may be sleeping more than normal, or are having issues with sleep. They may talk about wanting to die or that life would be better off without them. They may be giving personal items away, and expressing wanting it all to end. These are all major indicators that a person may be suicidal and may need immediate help.

Whether this is for you, or for someone you know, remembering ways to get help are so important. Asking a friend or loved one about suicide will NOT put the thought into their head or increase their risk of dying by suicide.&nbsp;If you or someone you know has mentioned or is experiencing suicidal thoughts or behaviors and need assistance, please call the National Crisis and Suicide Hotline&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;at 988. You can use this number to call (or text) and the hotline is staffed 24/7. You or your loved ones do not have to be actively suicidal to call or text this number. But, if you are in a mental health crisis and in of need of assistance, the hotline is definitely there for you.

Everyone has an opportunity to help prevent suicide. If interested in suicide prevention training opportunities, such as Question, Persuade, Refer: Suicide Prevention&nbsp;(QPR) or Mental Health First Aid (MHFA), please contact me at 620-793-1910, or by email at&nbsp;<a href="mailto:aboor@ksu.edu">aboor@ksu.edu</a>&nbsp;and I can help you get trainings set up.&nbsp;

·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;High Plains Mental Health Center.&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://hpmhc.com/" target="_blank">https://hpmhc.com/</a>

<a href="https://thecentergb.org/" target="_blank">https://thecentergb.org/</a>

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Suicide is a preventable mental health crisis. As of 2022, Kansas ranked 17th&nbsp;in the nation for suicides. It was also the second leading cause of death for ages 10-44. And sadly overall, it is the 10th&nbsp;leading cause of death in our State. Every person knows someone that has either attempted or competed a suicide. With work to destigmatize mental health problems surrounding suicide, we can make inroads to reduce both attempted and completed suicides.Knowing the signs someone is struggling is an important first step. On many occasions, a change in behavior or lack of interest in things they normally enjoy are key indicators.&nbsp;&nbsp;Someone who is struggling may also be anxious or worried. They may mention that they are unhappy or seem quieter or more withdrawn than normal. They may be sleeping more than normal, or are having issues with sleep. They may talk about wanting to die or that life would be better off without them. They may be giving personal items away, and expressing wanting it all to end. These are all major indicators that a person may be suicidal and may need immediate help.Whether this is for you, or for someone you know, remembering ways to get help are so important. Asking a friend or loved one about suicide will NOT put the thought into their head or increase their risk of dying by suicide.&nbsp;If you or someone you know has mentioned or is experiencing suicidal thoughts or behaviors and need assistance, please call the National Crisis and Suicide Hotline&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;at 988. You can use this number to call (or text) and the hotline is staffed 24/7. You or your loved ones do not have to be actively suicidal to call or text this number. But, if you are in a mental health crisis and in of need of assistance, the hotline is definitely there for you.Everyone has an opportunity to help prevent suicide. If interested in suicide prevention training opportunities, such as Question, Persuade, Refer: Suicide Prevention&nbsp;(QPR) or Mental Health First Aid (MHFA), please contact me at 620-793-1910, or by email at&nbsp;<a href="mailto:aboor@ksu.edu">aboor@ksu.edu</a>&nbsp;and I can help you get trainings set up.&nbsp;&nbsp;Here are additional resources:National Resources&nbsp;<ul>
 <li><a href="https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org/" target="_blank">https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org/</a> &nbsp;</li><li><a href="https://www.sprc.org/" target="_blank">https://www.sprc.org/</a> &nbsp;</li><li><a href="https://www.samhsa.gov/childrens-awareness-day/past-events/2019/resources-suicide-prevention" target="_blank">https://www.samhsa.gov/childrens-awareness-day/past-events/2019/resources-suicide-prevention</a> &nbsp;</li>
 </ul>&nbsp;State Resources&nbsp;<ul>
 <li><a href="https://www.sprc.org/states/kansas" target="_blank">https://www.sprc.org/states/kansas</a> &nbsp;</li><li><a href="https://www.ksphq.org/" target="_blank">https://www.ksphq.org/</a> &nbsp;</li>
 </ul>&nbsp;Local Resources&nbsp;·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;High Plains Mental Health Center.&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://hpmhc.com/" target="_blank">https://hpmhc.com/</a><ul>
 <li>The Center for Counseling and Consultation. 24/7 Crisis line –620-792-2544 or 800-875-8544&nbsp;</li>
 </ul><a href="https://thecentergb.org/" target="_blank">https://thecentergb.org/</a>Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

BOOR: Suicide is a preventable mental health crisis

One of my favorite youth development authors is Dr. Tim Elmore. I have several of his Habitudes book series, follow him on social media, and regularly listen to his podcast titled “Leading the Next Generation.”

Earlier this week, he utilized a quote from Arianna Huffington that I really appreciate as a youth development professional. Huffington stated, “We need to accept that we don’t always make the right decisions, that we’ll screw up royally sometimes – understanding that failure is not the opposite of success, it’s part of success.”

None of us like to fail and yet, it is a part of growth and development. Does an athlete succeed immediately? While they may have a great deal of natural talent and ability, they still need practice to hone their skills. Missing the mark is motivation to get closer and closer each time which is actually a small dose of failure.

Do great speakers capture everyone’s attention every time and from the first moment? Again, they may have a presence and sense of humor that cause others to stop and listen but if they can’t effectively get a point across, they will lose their audience. Good speakers practice and learn techniques to help them be better with each engagement and will evaluate the less than stellar moments which are small failures.

No human is going to cruise through life without some failures; some moments where – if they are self-aware – they would like to disappear. It happens to all of us! We say something in a moment of frustration or anger that we’d like to take back. We are just sure of a fact only to find out that we were mis-informed.

The learning takes place when we can evaluate a lesson, make amends, and move forward without dwelling on the error. One of my favorite things to ask 4-H youth about when I am judging their project is what was the hardest part of their exhibit or what did they struggle with the most. It is usually where the most learning happened!

So, while none of us want to experience failure for ourselves or our kids, if we can keep the perspective that it is a part of growth and a necessary part of success, we’ll be a little stronger for the experience.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668179445671.jpeg" alt="written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>One of my favorite youth development authors is Dr. Tim Elmore. I have several of his Habitudes book series, follow him on social media, and regularly listen to his podcast titled “Leading the Next Generation.”Earlier this week, he utilized a quote from Arianna Huffington that I really appreciate as a youth development professional. Huffington stated, “We need to accept that we don’t always make the right decisions, that we’ll screw up royally sometimes – understanding that failure is not the opposite of success, it’s part of success.”None of us like to fail and yet, it is a part of growth and development. Does an athlete succeed immediately? While they may have a great deal of natural talent and ability, they still need practice to hone their skills. Missing the mark is motivation to get closer and closer each time which is actually a small dose of failure.Do great speakers capture everyone’s attention every time and from the first moment? Again, they may have a presence and sense of humor that cause others to stop and listen but if they can’t effectively get a point across, they will lose their audience. Good speakers practice and learn techniques to help them be better with each engagement and will evaluate the less than stellar moments which are small failures.No human is going to cruise through life without some failures; some moments where – if they are self-aware – they would like to disappear. It happens to all of us! We say something in a moment of frustration or anger that we’d like to take back. We are just sure of a fact only to find out that we were mis-informed.The learning takes place when we can evaluate a lesson, make amends, and move forward without dwelling on the error. One of my favorite things to ask 4-H youth about when I am judging their project is what was the hardest part of their exhibit or what did they struggle with the most. It is usually where the most learning happened!So, while none of us want to experience failure for ourselves or our kids, if we can keep the perspective that it is a part of growth and a necessary part of success, we’ll be a little stronger for the experience.Keep Learning! Keep showing grace and kindness!Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910. Kansas State University is committed to making its services, activities and programs accessible to all participants. If you have special requirements due to a physical, vision, or hearing disability.

BERAN: Understanding and growing from failure

According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), dementia is not a specific disease but is rather a general term for the impaired ability to remember, think, or make decisions that interferes with doing every day activities. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common type of dementia. Though dementia mostly affects older adults, it is not a part of normal aging. Alzheimer’s disease is an irreversible, progressive brain disease that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills. Eventually, the disease will prevent one from carrying out the simplest of daily tasks. While Alzheimer’s disease cannot be prevented, slowed, or cured, there are things you can do to live an overall brain-healthy lifestyle. Adopt these practices early and continue them throughout your life to help reduce your risk of cognitive decline as you age.

The Alzheimer’s Association offers 10 ways to love your brain and reduce the risk of dementia:

1. Break a sweat. Get at least 150 minutes of exercise per week.

2. Hit the books. Take a class online or in your community.

3. Butt out. Quit smoking now, as this increases your risk for many health conditions including cognitive decline.

4. Follow your heart. Risk factors for heart disease also increase your risk for cognitive decline. A heart-healthy lifestyle is also good for your brain.

5. Heads up! Wear a helmet, use your seatbelt, and prevent falls. Protecting your head can help reduce your risk of cognitive decline.

6. Fuel up right with a healthy and balanced diet.

7. Catch some Zzz’s. A lack of sleep contributes to memory loss and thinking ability. Try to get 9 hours per night.

8. Take care of your mental health. Depression could be linked to an increased risk of cognitive decline.

9. Buddy up. Strong social connections throughout life may support better brain health. Enjoy time with friends, volunteer, engage in hobbies, and be part of your community.

10. Stump yourself. Challenge your brain with card games, puzzles, learning a new skill — these have brain-boosting benefits.

Here is a bonus #11. Treat hearing loss early and wear your hearing aids! Research has found a correlation between the severity of someone's hearing loss and their risk of developing dementia. Among individuals with hearing loss that was rated as moderate to severe, the incidence of dementia was 61% higher than in those with good hearing. Dr. Frank Lin of Johns Hopkins conducted studies around hearing loss. “Brain scans show us that hearing loss may contribute to a faster rate of atrophy in the brain,” Lin says. “Hearing loss also contributes to social isolation. You may not want to be with people as much, and when you are you may not engage in conversation as much. These factors may contribute to dementia.”

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt="written by: Monique Koerner - Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District." />
 <figcaption>written by: Monique Koerner - Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District.</figcaption>
 </figure>According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), dementia is not a specific disease but is rather a general term for the impaired ability to remember, think, or make decisions that interferes with doing every day activities. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common type of dementia. Though dementia mostly affects older adults, it is not a part of normal aging. Alzheimer’s disease is an irreversible, progressive brain disease that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills. Eventually, the disease will prevent one from carrying out the simplest of daily tasks. While Alzheimer’s disease cannot be prevented, slowed, or cured, there are things you can do to live an overall brain-healthy lifestyle. Adopt these practices early and continue them throughout your life to help reduce your risk of cognitive decline as you age.The Alzheimer’s Association offers 10 ways to love your brain and reduce the risk of dementia:1. Break a sweat. Get at least 150 minutes of exercise per week.2. Hit the books. Take a class online or in your community.3. Butt out. Quit smoking now, as this increases your risk for many health conditions including cognitive decline.4. Follow your heart. Risk factors for heart disease also increase your risk for cognitive decline. A heart-healthy lifestyle is also good for your brain.5. Heads up! Wear a helmet, use your seatbelt, and prevent falls. Protecting your head can help reduce your risk of cognitive decline.6. Fuel up right with a healthy and balanced diet.7. Catch some Zzz’s. A lack of sleep contributes to memory loss and thinking ability. Try to get 9 hours per night.8. Take care of your mental health. Depression could be linked to an increased risk of cognitive decline.9. Buddy up. Strong social connections throughout life may support better brain health. Enjoy time with friends, volunteer, engage in hobbies, and be part of your community.10. Stump yourself. Challenge your brain with card games, puzzles, learning a new skill — these have brain-boosting benefits.Here is a bonus #11. Treat hearing loss early and wear your hearing aids! Research has found a correlation between the severity of someone's hearing loss and their risk of developing dementia. Among individuals with hearing loss that was rated as moderate to severe, the incidence of dementia was 61% higher than in those with good hearing. Dr. Frank Lin of Johns Hopkins conducted studies around hearing loss. “Brain scans show us that hearing loss may contribute to a faster rate of atrophy in the brain,” Lin says. “Hearing loss also contributes to social isolation. You may not want to be with people as much, and when you are you may not engage in conversation as much. These factors may contribute to dementia.”Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

KOERNER: Dementia and brain health

Drought conditions and extreme heat throughout Kansas are forcing farmers to consider harvesting soybeans for forage, rather than grain. Many factors should be considered when making this decision and some are discussed in a K-State Agronomy eUpdate,electronic newsletter that comes out every Thursday. Drought and heat stress in Kansas soybean fields.

You can subscribe to this newsletter, it only takes one minute. Simply type into your internet browser box K-State Agronomy eUpdate.

Herbicide applications made during the growing season are an additional concern that has been raised by farmers. The herbicide label is the law, and many herbicide labels do restrict the use of soybeans as a forage. It will be critical to know the waiting period that must be followed between the application of a given herbicide and the grazing or harvesting of the soybeans for use as a forage.

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 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Drought conditions and extreme heat throughout Kansas are forcing farmers to consider harvesting soybeans for forage, rather than grain. Many factors should be considered when making this decision and some are discussed in a K-State Agronomy eUpdate,electronic newsletter that comes out every Thursday. Drought and heat stress in Kansas soybean fields.You can subscribe to this newsletter, it only takes one minute. Simply type into your internet browser box K-State Agronomy eUpdate.Herbicide applications made during the growing season are an additional concern that has been raised by farmers. The herbicide label is the law, and many herbicide labels do restrict the use of soybeans as a forage. It will be critical to know the waiting period that must be followed between the application of a given herbicide and the grazing or harvesting of the soybeans for use as a forage.The list of herbicides with a brief summary of restrictions for grazing/haying soybeans treated with various herbicides is on our web site www.cottonwood.ksu.edu It is a quick read but to long to list in this article.Here is an excerpt from the article Drought and heat stress in Kansas soybean fields.Cutting for hay - Prolonged heat and drought stress can cause considerable leaf area loss and soybean yield reduction. If the crop is so drought-stressed that it’s losing leaves or not setting pods, it may be time to cut it for hay. This might appeal to livestock producers who are facing dry pastures and supplemental feed costs. The decision depends on the stage of growth and condition of the plants. If possible, it’s best to hold off on making any decisions about cutting soybeans for hay until the plants are moving into seed fill (the optimal time to cut beans for hay to retain digestible nutrients).However, holding off until this stage of growth may not be possible if plants in the vegetative stage are dropping half or more of their leaves already. If too many leaves have dropped, the crop has a reduced value as a hay crop. Producers may need to make the decision to cut for hay while the plants are still in the vegetative stage, before the beginning seed fill stage, and before the soybeans lose too many leaves. Soybean plants that still have 30 percent of their leaves can produce 0.75 to 1.25 tons dry matter of hay per acre, with about 13 percent protein and 48 percent in-vitro dry matter digestibility. The more leaves a plant has, the more hay tonnage it will produce.The “grey area” is where there are plants with 30 to 50 percent of leaves remaining since those leaves have the capability of filling pods if it rains and of making a soybean harvest that is worth more than the price of the hay.Final considerations - Scout your acres for drought and heat stress so you can make timely decisions. Beyond yield reductions due to pod abortion, further yield impact can be expected also due to poor seed-filling conditions that may reduce the seed weight.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.