Autumn is a great time to check on several areas of your home, both inside and out!

The Kansas Department of Insurance shared a good checklist to identify and address seasonal hazards to minimize insurance claims. These include:

· Clean and inspect gutters, drainage, and the roof. Clean gutters before leaves accumulate, make sure downspouts are securely attached and direct water away from foundations. Look for damage around skylights and chimneys, loose vents and ponding-water issues.

· Remove hazardous limbs and secure exterior property. Address branches that may touch roofs or siding, trees with visible cracks and dead or dying limbs ahead of autumn storms that often produce damaging wind and hail.

· Check for water intrusion and foundation drainage. Don’t forget to check for moisture in basements and crawlspaces, or by windows, door seals, sump pumps and backup systems.

· Prepare plumbing for freezing temperatures. Disconnect exterior hoses, insulate vulnerable pipes, and know where your home’s main water shutoff is.

· Service heating equipment and inspect fire hazards. Proactively examine chimneys and flues, test smoke and carbon-monoxide detectors, and make sure your fire extinguisher is in good condition and easily accessible.

I really appreciate these practical tips and the note from Kansas Insurance Commissioner Vicki Schmidt, “Taking a few simple steps to prepare your home as the seasons change can help prevent insurance claims. By addressing potential hazards now, homeowners can reduce the risk of damage to their property throughout the fall and winter.”

In addition to checking things outdoors, autumn is a great time to review financial records. In the event of an emergency, having family members who know how and where to access your records can be a huge help! Stop for a moment and think: Do you know where all your records are located? Would someone else know in case of your injury or death?

Records should be accessible when needed and stored in a safe place. Receipts, documentation, proofs of ownership and identification may be necessary to collect insurance, pension, or retirement benefits, to receive military compensation, and to solve tax or inheritance problems.

K-State Extension has a great resource to help you collect and document the important information you may need. You can access the document at https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/item/our-valuable-records_MF685 or stop by the office and we’ll print one off for you.

This document provides space to record everything from bank and investment accounts to health and life insurance information as well as property ownership and tax and legal advisors.

Taking a little time to review inside and outside can save you time and headaches in the long run.

Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness!

Michelle Beran is a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other K-State Extension resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.

All Kansas Extension education programs and materials are available to all individuals without discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age or disability.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668177490614.jpeg" alt="Michelle Beran is&nbsp;a Family and Community Wellness Agent&nbsp;in the Cottonwood Extension District. " />
 <figcaption>Michelle Beran is&nbsp;a Family and Community Wellness Agent&nbsp;in the Cottonwood Extension District. </figcaption>
 </figure>Autumn is a great time to check on several areas of your home, both inside and out!The Kansas Department of Insurance shared a good checklist to identify and address seasonal hazards to minimize insurance claims. These include:· Clean and inspect gutters, drainage, and the roof. Clean gutters before leaves accumulate, make sure downspouts are securely attached and direct water away from foundations. Look for damage around skylights and chimneys, loose vents and ponding-water issues.· Remove hazardous limbs and secure exterior property. Address branches that may touch roofs or siding, trees with visible cracks and dead or dying limbs ahead of autumn storms that often produce damaging wind and hail.· Check for water intrusion and foundation drainage. Don’t forget to check for moisture in basements and crawlspaces, or by windows, door seals, sump pumps and backup systems.· Prepare plumbing for freezing temperatures. Disconnect exterior hoses, insulate vulnerable pipes, and know where your home’s main water shutoff is.· Service heating equipment and inspect fire hazards. Proactively examine chimneys and flues, test smoke and carbon-monoxide detectors, and make sure your fire extinguisher is in good condition and easily accessible.I really appreciate these practical tips and the note from Kansas Insurance Commissioner Vicki Schmidt, “Taking a few simple steps to prepare your home as the seasons change can help prevent insurance claims. By addressing potential hazards now, homeowners can reduce the risk of damage to their property throughout the fall and winter.”In addition to checking things outdoors, autumn is a great time to review financial records. In the event of an emergency, having family members who know how and where to access your records can be a huge help! Stop for a moment and think: Do you know where all your records are located? Would someone else know in case of your injury or death?Records should be accessible when needed and stored in a safe place. Receipts, documentation, proofs of ownership and identification may be necessary to collect insurance, pension, or retirement benefits, to receive military compensation, and to solve tax or inheritance problems.K-State Extension has a great resource to help you collect and document the important information you may need. You can access the document at https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/item/our-valuable-records_MF685 or stop by the office and we’ll print one off for you.This document provides space to record everything from bank and investment accounts to health and life insurance information as well as property ownership and tax and legal advisors.Taking a little time to review inside and outside can save you time and headaches in the long run.Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness!Michelle Beran is a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other K-State Extension resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.All Kansas Extension education programs and materials are available to all individuals without discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age or disability.

BERAN: Autumn is a good time to check your home inside and out

By ELLE HUTCHINSON Barton County Media Consultant

The Barton County Commission celebrated the impact of 4-H and the accomplishments of local youth this week with the adoption of Proclamation 2026-13, recognizing Oct. 4 through 10, 2026, as National 4-H Week.

Michelle Beran, Family Community Wellness Agent with the Cottonwood Extension District – Barton County, was joined by new 4-H Youth Development Agent JoAnn Gaunt, Cottonwood Extension Director Jay Harris, and local 4-H members for the presentation.

For generations, 4-H has provided young people with opportunities to learn by doing, develop leadership skills, serve their communities, explore new interests, and build confidence that carries into adulthood.

At the heart of the program are the four H’s: Head, Heart, Hands, and Health. Together, those values encourage young people to think critically, care for others, serve their communities, and develop healthy habits while becoming “Beyond Ready” for the opportunities ahead.

This year’s recognition also provided an opportunity to celebrate outstanding achievement by local 4-H members.

Samantha Negaard, a local 4-H ambassador, was recognized as the Kansas State Project Award winner in Performing Arts, an honor awarded to only one 4-H member statewide in each project category.

Samantha explained that earning the award represented months of work documenting her involvement in performing arts, including forensic roles, dance, orchestra, choir, and other experiences. The process included completing a detailed project record, preparing a resume and cover letter, advancing through regional competition, and producing a five-minute video explaining her work and accomplishments.

As a state winner, Samantha earned the opportunity to represent Kansas and Barton County at the National 4-H Congress in Atlanta, Georgia, where delegates will participate in service projects and educational experiences.

Commissioners congratulated Samantha on the accomplishment and praised the confidence and professionalism she demonstrated while presenting her project.

Barton County also celebrated a second state winner, Russell Kern, who received the Kansas State Project Award in the foods project. Gaunt noted that having two state project winners from the area is a significant accomplishment and reflects the dedication local youth continue to bring to 4-H.

National 4-H Week also recognizes the families, volunteers, Extension professionals, and community members who make these opportunities possible. Their support allows young people to explore their interests, develop valuable skills, and grow into engaged members of their communities.

The Commission’s proclamation encourages Barton County residents to recognize the important role 4-H continues to play in preparing local youth for the future while celebrating the remarkable accomplishments already taking place right here at home.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2026/10/1790893829533.png" alt="Barton County Commissioners are pictured with Michelle Beran, JoAnn Gaunt, and Samantha Negaard during recognition of National 4-H Week and local 4-H achievement. Cottonwood Extension Director Jay Harris also attended the presentation but is not pictured." />
 <figcaption>Barton County Commissioners are pictured with Michelle Beran, JoAnn Gaunt, and Samantha Negaard during recognition of National 4-H Week and local 4-H achievement. Cottonwood Extension Director Jay Harris also attended the presentation but is not pictured.</figcaption>
 </figure>By ELLE HUTCHINSON Barton County Media ConsultantThe Barton County Commission celebrated the impact of 4-H and the accomplishments of local youth this week with the adoption of Proclamation 2026-13, recognizing Oct. 4 through 10, 2026, as National 4-H Week.Michelle Beran, Family Community Wellness Agent with the Cottonwood Extension District – Barton County, was joined by new 4-H Youth Development Agent JoAnn Gaunt, Cottonwood Extension Director Jay Harris, and local 4-H members for the presentation.For generations, 4-H has provided young people with opportunities to learn by doing, develop leadership skills, serve their communities, explore new interests, and build confidence that carries into adulthood.At the heart of the program are the four H’s: Head, Heart, Hands, and Health. Together, those values encourage young people to think critically, care for others, serve their communities, and develop healthy habits while becoming “Beyond Ready” for the opportunities ahead.This year’s recognition also provided an opportunity to celebrate outstanding achievement by local 4-H members.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2026/10/1790893788075.png" alt="Samantha Negaard shares her award-winning 4-H Performing Arts project with the Barton County Commission after being recognized as a Kansas State Project Award winner." />
 <figcaption>Samantha Negaard shares her award-winning 4-H Performing Arts project with the Barton County Commission after being recognized as a Kansas State Project Award winner.</figcaption>
 </figure>Samantha Negaard, a local 4-H ambassador, was recognized as the Kansas State Project Award winner in Performing Arts, an honor awarded to only one 4-H member statewide in each project category.Samantha explained that earning the award represented months of work documenting her involvement in performing arts, including forensic roles, dance, orchestra, choir, and other experiences. The process included completing a detailed project record, preparing a resume and cover letter, advancing through regional competition, and producing a five-minute video explaining her work and accomplishments.As a state winner, Samantha earned the opportunity to represent Kansas and Barton County at the National 4-H Congress in Atlanta, Georgia, where delegates will participate in service projects and educational experiences.Commissioners congratulated Samantha on the accomplishment and praised the confidence and professionalism she demonstrated while presenting her project.Barton County also celebrated a second state winner, Russell Kern, who received the Kansas State Project Award in the foods project. Gaunt noted that having two state project winners from the area is a significant accomplishment and reflects the dedication local youth continue to bring to 4-H.National 4-H Week also recognizes the families, volunteers, Extension professionals, and community members who make these opportunities possible. Their support allows young people to explore their interests, develop valuable skills, and grow into engaged members of their communities.The Commission’s proclamation encourages Barton County residents to recognize the important role 4-H continues to play in preparing local youth for the future while celebrating the remarkable accomplishments already taking place right here at home.

Barton County celebrates National 4-H Week and local youth achievement

I always love the changing of the seasons, especially summer to fall. After the heat of the summer, the cool, crisp mornings and cooler days makes me happy. One of the first signs that I can tell that summer is on its way out is the first leaves on the cottonwood trees starting to turn yellow. 

The reds and oranges of the maples and oaks quickly follow suite. &nbsp;Although the New England states is the place to view the changing of the seasons, Kansas is no slouch. I found an article this week for you for the Horticulture Department about why trees change the colors they do and how you get the striking colors of fall.&nbsp;Part of the allure of fall foliage is color variation. There are trees that turn red, purple, yellow, orange and brown.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 

Specific plant pigments determine individual colors. Foliage derives its normal green color from chlorophyll, the substance that captures the energy of the sun. Other pigments produce fall colors. Reds and purples are caused by anthocyanins, yellows by xanthophylls, and oranges by a combination of carotenes and xanthophylls. Browns are the result of tannins present in the leaf. Most of these substances are present throughout the growing season but are masked by the green color produced by chlorophyll. Anthocyanins are the exception and are produced after the chlorophyll is destroyed in the fall.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 

If you have ever seen pictures of New England in the fall, you have probably wondered why trees in Kansas usually do not color as well. This difference is partly because of the tree species prevalent in New England. Certain oaks and maples naturally produce good color. Coloring also is influenced by the weather.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 

Warm, sunny days and cool nights are ideal for good color. The sunny days encourage photosynthesis and, thus, sugar accumulation in the leaves. As fall progresses, each leaf develops an abscission layer at the base of the petiole, or leaf stem, that prevents these sugars from being transported down the trunk to the roots for storage. This high sugar content in the leaves produces more intense colors. Cloudy days and warm nights prevent some of the sugar accumulation in the leaves and results in less vibrant colors.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 

Weather during other parts of the growing season also can have an effect. Heavy rains in the early spring or hot, dry weather during the summer can both have a deleterious effect on fall color.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The length of time a tree maintains fall color also depends on weather. Reds, yellows and oranges are short-lived when trees undergo frosts and freezes.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

K-State Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698681527025.jpeg" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>I always love the changing of the seasons, especially summer to fall. After the heat of the summer, the cool, crisp mornings and cooler days makes me happy. One of the first signs that I can tell that summer is on its way out is the first leaves on the cottonwood trees starting to turn yellow. The reds and oranges of the maples and oaks quickly follow suite. &nbsp;Although the New England states is the place to view the changing of the seasons, Kansas is no slouch. I found an article this week for you for the Horticulture Department about why trees change the colors they do and how you get the striking colors of fall.&nbsp;Part of the allure of fall foliage is color variation. There are trees that turn red, purple, yellow, orange and brown.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Specific plant pigments determine individual colors. Foliage derives its normal green color from chlorophyll, the substance that captures the energy of the sun. Other pigments produce fall colors. Reds and purples are caused by anthocyanins, yellows by xanthophylls, and oranges by a combination of carotenes and xanthophylls. Browns are the result of tannins present in the leaf. Most of these substances are present throughout the growing season but are masked by the green color produced by chlorophyll. Anthocyanins are the exception and are produced after the chlorophyll is destroyed in the fall.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; If you have ever seen pictures of New England in the fall, you have probably wondered why trees in Kansas usually do not color as well. This difference is partly because of the tree species prevalent in New England. Certain oaks and maples naturally produce good color. Coloring also is influenced by the weather.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Warm, sunny days and cool nights are ideal for good color. The sunny days encourage photosynthesis and, thus, sugar accumulation in the leaves. As fall progresses, each leaf develops an abscission layer at the base of the petiole, or leaf stem, that prevents these sugars from being transported down the trunk to the roots for storage. This high sugar content in the leaves produces more intense colors. Cloudy days and warm nights prevent some of the sugar accumulation in the leaves and results in less vibrant colors.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Weather during other parts of the growing season also can have an effect. Heavy rains in the early spring or hot, dry weather during the summer can both have a deleterious effect on fall color.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The length of time a tree maintains fall color also depends on weather. Reds, yellows and oranges are short-lived when trees undergo frosts and freezes.&nbsp;&nbsp;Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.K-State Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.

BOOR: Many factors involved when the leaves begin to change colors

Fall armyworms began arriving in Kansas in mid-June, and pheromone trap counts continue to increase statewide during September.

Another potential fall pest, army cutworms, have been detected in traps in western Kansas since the beginning of September. Army cutworms are late-fall and early-spring pests of several Kansas crops, including alfalfa, wheat, and triticale. These moths begin migrating into Kansas in the fall from their over-summering locations in the Rocky Mountains. Trap counts of 800 or more army cutworm moths in an area through October may indicate significant caterpillar activity the following spring. Currently, northwest Kansas has the highest number of moths being trapped weekly.

Female moths can lay up to 1000 eggs or more. After hatching, caterpillars will begin feeding until cold weather forces them below ground. Caterpillars will complete their growth next spring as the weather warms and then burrow into the soil to pupate. Sexually immature adults emerge in late spring and migrate back to the mountains for summer. This is the “miller moth” flight that can be a nuisance some years during the spring.

Given the presence of these two pests and continued warmer weather in the forecast, at-risk fields should continue to be scouted weekly for caterpillar activity. In the case of army cutworms, caterpillars may be small and hard to find; pay close attention for window-pane damage on young plants.

Keep in mind that caterpillars increase in size at an exponential rate and most of the feeding occurs during the later stage of development. It is critical to scout early and treat, if needed, when the caterpillars are less than a half-inch long. Larger caterpillars are harder to control and do the most damage. Arrival of cooler weather may help to slow down caterpillar activity and development.

For more information regarding caterpillar management, take a look at the following Insect Pest Management Guides by K-State Research &amp; Extension. Alfalfa Insect Pest Management https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/MF809.PDF Wheat Insect Pest Management https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/wheat-insect-pest-management-2025_MF745.pdf

Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>Fall armyworms began arriving in Kansas in mid-June, and pheromone trap counts continue to increase statewide during September.Another potential fall pest, army cutworms, have been detected in traps in western Kansas since the beginning of September. Army cutworms are late-fall and early-spring pests of several Kansas crops, including alfalfa, wheat, and triticale. These moths begin migrating into Kansas in the fall from their over-summering locations in the Rocky Mountains. Trap counts of 800 or more army cutworm moths in an area through October may indicate significant caterpillar activity the following spring. Currently, northwest Kansas has the highest number of moths being trapped weekly.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2026/9/1790614831192.png" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>Female moths can lay up to 1000 eggs or more. After hatching, caterpillars will begin feeding until cold weather forces them below ground. Caterpillars will complete their growth next spring as the weather warms and then burrow into the soil to pupate. Sexually immature adults emerge in late spring and migrate back to the mountains for summer. This is the “miller moth” flight that can be a nuisance some years during the spring.Given the presence of these two pests and continued warmer weather in the forecast, at-risk fields should continue to be scouted weekly for caterpillar activity. In the case of army cutworms, caterpillars may be small and hard to find; pay close attention for window-pane damage on young plants.Keep in mind that caterpillars increase in size at an exponential rate and most of the feeding occurs during the later stage of development. It is critical to scout early and treat, if needed, when the caterpillars are less than a half-inch long. Larger caterpillars are harder to control and do the most damage. Arrival of cooler weather may help to slow down caterpillar activity and development.For more information regarding caterpillar management, take a look at the following Insect Pest Management Guides by K-State Research &amp; Extension. Alfalfa Insect Pest Management https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/MF809.PDF Wheat Insect Pest Management https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/wheat-insect-pest-management-2025_MF745.pdfStacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: Insect update - fall armyworms continue to increase

Items included on the September 29, 2026 Barton County Commission agenda Barton County Courthouse, 9 a.m.

NEW BUSINESS - PROCLAMATION 2026-13: National 4-H Week: -Michelle Beran, Family Community Wellness Agent, Cottonwood Extension District – Barton County, will be joined by JoAnn Gaunt, 4H Youth Development Agent, and area youth in presenting the proposed Proclamation. 4-H, as delivered by area Cooperative Extension agencies, has helped thousands of youth become true leaders, entrepreneurs and visionaries. By declaring October 4 – 10, 2026, as National 4-H Week, the Commission recognizes the importance of using the Head, Heart, Hands and Health, the four core values of the 4-H mission, to become beyond ready.

PROCLAMATION 2026-14: National Domestic Violence Awareness Month, October, 2026: -Rocio Hernandez, Domestic and Sexual Violence Program Director, Family Crisis Center, will present details. It is suggested that a Proclamation be adopted recognizing October, 2026, as National Domestic Violence Awareness Month. If approved, the Proclamation will aid in raising awareness, encouraging community support of survivors, promoting healthy relationships, and working toward the prevention and elimination of domestic violence in our homes and communities.

COUNTY CLERK’S OFFICE: Request for Approval – Added / Abated / Escaped / Refunded Taxes: -Bev Schmeidler, County Clerk, will present a listing of Added / Abated / Escaped / Refunded Taxes. Orders for these actions are kept on file in the County Clerk’s Office. These are used to correct assessments and are requested by the County Appraiser’s Office or the County Clerk’s Office.

20th JUDICIAL DISTRICT JUVENILE SERVICES: Juvenile Detention Housing Agreement between Johnson County, Kansas, and Barton County, Kansas: -Marissa Woodmansee, Juvenile Services Director, will present details. Kansas House Bill 2329 amends portions of the State's 2016 Juvenile Justice reforms by increasing penalties, lengthening detention limits and shifting placement rules for juvenile offenders. As a result, detention placement will be affected across the State. It is suggested that Barton County, as the Administrative County of the 20th Judicial District, contract with Johnson County for the provision of juvenile housing.

EXECUTIVE SESSION: -Chairman Duane Reif will present. Any Commissioner may make a motion for the board to recess to executive session at this time as allowed by K.S.A. 75-4319. Any motion must contain the justification for the executive session, the subject matter to be discussed, any individuals in addition to the board who will attend the executive session and the time at which the regular session shall resume.

The Commission meeting will be live-streamed through Microsoft Teams.  Citizens may view the meeting through their own sign in or by signing in “anonymously”. 

Please follow this link: <a href="https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fbit.ly%2F4wU80pN%3Ffbclid%3DIwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAcGRvZgFicmlkETEzMERVb25jYmVjR0VON29Nc3J0YwZhcHBfaWQQMjIyMDM5MTc4ODIwMDg5MgABHkdwpq3fAxpGsiMffFbZJ4RQqO_1uv2tga6KGYGWmHwW_d2EJuaH8-KwBujC_aem_b5E8tZzc4TKGSN6ZEn0hTQ&amp;h=AUA86HFCfoBW8Tk2QK3goooy9BO0k97bbkltly1t5BDQkBevN47RQeew8bxxUkCJgLbbQnO1YfdYt5ZKRiEDqAWlthLfFaBKhMA6cducsb169EUwsXsrlSFe0Lv0GInZhv98IfUdtG3e&amp;__tn__=-UK-R&amp;c[0]=AUBO6DlEVS-9ywLmvjDpFxFrc5dIzt8YsICSOJ54on78IdB82x8EdD_Q-bhXIbzZDWcJ3EV9S3BztnmBu_N3f8l248Qs_LyT_7FcvDIJE-XHN4hexpE5iDmWR5Fi81G0_kuvBlvGf6cPUVRNt02U_UfJs-QEwTLT-BRKKoF70F1wMCB2kt4pJHtFpQtAIYcYkj11VCkdVuxYj5-lUWuNFXnYYA" target="_blank">https://bit.ly/4wU80pN</a>. If you wish to participate in the discussion of any item, please call (620) 793-1800 for instructions.&nbsp; &nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2026/8/1787500619070.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>Items included on the September 29, 2026 Barton County Commission agenda Barton County Courthouse, 9 a.m.NEW BUSINESS - PROCLAMATION 2026-13: National 4-H Week: -Michelle Beran, Family Community Wellness Agent, Cottonwood Extension District – Barton County, will be joined by JoAnn Gaunt, 4H Youth Development Agent, and area youth in presenting the proposed Proclamation. 4-H, as delivered by area Cooperative Extension agencies, has helped thousands of youth become true leaders, entrepreneurs and visionaries. By declaring October 4 – 10, 2026, as National 4-H Week, the Commission recognizes the importance of using the Head, Heart, Hands and Health, the four core values of the 4-H mission, to become beyond ready.PROCLAMATION 2026-14: National Domestic Violence Awareness Month, October, 2026: -Rocio Hernandez, Domestic and Sexual Violence Program Director, Family Crisis Center, will present details. It is suggested that a Proclamation be adopted recognizing October, 2026, as National Domestic Violence Awareness Month. If approved, the Proclamation will aid in raising awareness, encouraging community support of survivors, promoting healthy relationships, and working toward the prevention and elimination of domestic violence in our homes and communities.COUNTY CLERK’S OFFICE: Request for Approval – Added / Abated / Escaped / Refunded Taxes: -Bev Schmeidler, County Clerk, will present a listing of Added / Abated / Escaped / Refunded Taxes. Orders for these actions are kept on file in the County Clerk’s Office. These are used to correct assessments and are requested by the County Appraiser’s Office or the County Clerk’s Office. 20th JUDICIAL DISTRICT JUVENILE SERVICES: Juvenile Detention Housing Agreement between Johnson County, Kansas, and Barton County, Kansas: -Marissa Woodmansee, Juvenile Services Director, will present details. Kansas House Bill 2329 amends portions of the State's 2016 Juvenile Justice reforms by increasing penalties, lengthening detention limits and shifting placement rules for juvenile offenders. As a result, detention placement will be affected across the State. It is suggested that Barton County, as the Administrative County of the 20th Judicial District, contract with Johnson County for the provision of juvenile housing. EXECUTIVE SESSION: -Chairman Duane Reif will present. Any Commissioner may make a motion for the board to recess to executive session at this time as allowed by K.S.A. 75-4319. Any motion must contain the justification for the executive session, the subject matter to be discussed, any individuals in addition to the board who will attend the executive session and the time at which the regular session shall resume.The Commission meeting will be live-streamed through Microsoft Teams. Citizens may view the meeting through their own sign in or by signing in “anonymously”. Please follow this link: <a href="https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fbit.ly%2F4wU80pN%3Ffbclid%3DIwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAcGRvZgFicmlkETEzMERVb25jYmVjR0VON29Nc3J0YwZhcHBfaWQQMjIyMDM5MTc4ODIwMDg5MgABHkdwpq3fAxpGsiMffFbZJ4RQqO_1uv2tga6KGYGWmHwW_d2EJuaH8-KwBujC_aem_b5E8tZzc4TKGSN6ZEn0hTQ&amp;h=AUA86HFCfoBW8Tk2QK3goooy9BO0k97bbkltly1t5BDQkBevN47RQeew8bxxUkCJgLbbQnO1YfdYt5ZKRiEDqAWlthLfFaBKhMA6cducsb169EUwsXsrlSFe0Lv0GInZhv98IfUdtG3e&amp;__tn__=-UK-R&amp;c[0]=AUBO6DlEVS-9ywLmvjDpFxFrc5dIzt8YsICSOJ54on78IdB82x8EdD_Q-bhXIbzZDWcJ3EV9S3BztnmBu_N3f8l248Qs_LyT_7FcvDIJE-XHN4hexpE5iDmWR5Fi81G0_kuvBlvGf6cPUVRNt02U_UfJs-QEwTLT-BRKKoF70F1wMCB2kt4pJHtFpQtAIYcYkj11VCkdVuxYj5-lUWuNFXnYYA" target="_blank">https://bit.ly/4wU80pN</a>. If you wish to participate in the discussion of any item, please call (620) 793-1800 for instructions.&nbsp; &nbsp;

Pair of proclamations planned for Tuesday's Barton Co. Commission meeting

Wheat is considered a highly responsive crop to band-applied fertilizers, particularly phosphorus (P). Phosphorus applied in-furrow can be an effective method for part or all of the P needs. Wheat plants typically show a significant increase in fall tillers, improved root development, and reduced winterkill with the use of in-furrow fertilizer, particularly in low-P-testing soils.

In-Furrow Fertilizer Application Phosphorus fertilizer application can be done through the drill with the seed. In-furrow fertilizer can be applied, depending on the soil test and recommended application rate, either in addition to or instead of any pre-plant P applications. The use of dry fertilizer sources with air seeders is a very popular and practical option. However, other P sources (including liquid) are agronomically equivalent, and decisions should be based on cost and adaptability for each operation.

When applying fertilizer with the seed, rates should be limited to avoid potential toxicity to the seedling. If the fertilizer N also has Potassium K2O in it. This combination has a higher salt content which can injury seedlings, as well as any urea-containing fertilizers should never be applied in direct contact with wheat seed.

Research conducted at K-State has shown that in-furrow applications of phosphorus fertilizer consistently improved wheat yields compared to no fertilizer. Yield responses were similar across P sources (DAP vs. MESZ). These results highlight that wheat can safely tolerate higher in-furrow P rates, provided application guidelines are followed. No N + K2O and (No urea-containing fertilizers).

Air seeders that place the fertilizer and seed in a 1- to 2-inch band, rather than a narrow seed slot, provide some margin of safety because the concentration of the fertilizer and seed is lower in these diffuse bands. In this scenario, adding a little extra N fertilizer is less likely to injure the seed - but it is still a risk.

What about blending dry 18-46-0 (DAP) or 11-52-0 (MAP) directly with the seed in the hopper? Will the N in these products hurt the seed?

The N in these fertilizer products is in the ammonium-N form (NH4+), not the urea-N form, and is much less likely to injure the wheat seed, even though it is in direct seed contact. If DAP or MAP is mixed with the seed, the mixture can safely be left in the seed hopper overnight without injuring the seed or gumming up the works. However, it is important to keep the wheat mixed with MAP or DAP at a lower relative humidity. Humidity greater than 70% will result in the fertilizer taking up moisture and will cause gumming or caking within the mixture.

Although the wheat response to these in-furrow fertilizer products is primarily from the P, the small amount of N that is present in DAP, MAP, or 10-34-0 may also be important in some cases. If no pre-plant N was applied, and the soil has little or no carryover N from the previous crop, the N from these fertilizer products could benefit the wheat.

Information provided by Dorivar Ruiz Diaz, K-State Nutrient Management Specialist.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Wheat is considered a highly responsive crop to band-applied fertilizers, particularly phosphorus (P). Phosphorus applied in-furrow can be an effective method for part or all of the P needs. Wheat plants typically show a significant increase in fall tillers, improved root development, and reduced winterkill with the use of in-furrow fertilizer, particularly in low-P-testing soils.In-Furrow Fertilizer Application Phosphorus fertilizer application can be done through the drill with the seed. In-furrow fertilizer can be applied, depending on the soil test and recommended application rate, either in addition to or instead of any pre-plant P applications. The use of dry fertilizer sources with air seeders is a very popular and practical option. However, other P sources (including liquid) are agronomically equivalent, and decisions should be based on cost and adaptability for each operation.When applying fertilizer with the seed, rates should be limited to avoid potential toxicity to the seedling. If the fertilizer N also has Potassium K2O in it. This combination has a higher salt content which can injury seedlings, as well as any urea-containing fertilizers should never be applied in direct contact with wheat seed.Research conducted at K-State has shown that in-furrow applications of phosphorus fertilizer consistently improved wheat yields compared to no fertilizer. Yield responses were similar across P sources (DAP vs. MESZ). These results highlight that wheat can safely tolerate higher in-furrow P rates, provided application guidelines are followed. No N + K2O and (No urea-containing fertilizers).Air seeders that place the fertilizer and seed in a 1- to 2-inch band, rather than a narrow seed slot, provide some margin of safety because the concentration of the fertilizer and seed is lower in these diffuse bands. In this scenario, adding a little extra N fertilizer is less likely to injure the seed - but it is still a risk.What about blending dry 18-46-0 (DAP) or 11-52-0 (MAP) directly with the seed in the hopper? Will the N in these products hurt the seed?The N in these fertilizer products is in the ammonium-N form (NH4+), not the urea-N form, and is much less likely to injure the wheat seed, even though it is in direct seed contact. If DAP or MAP is mixed with the seed, the mixture can safely be left in the seed hopper overnight without injuring the seed or gumming up the works. However, it is important to keep the wheat mixed with MAP or DAP at a lower relative humidity. Humidity greater than 70% will result in the fertilizer taking up moisture and will cause gumming or caking within the mixture.Although the wheat response to these in-furrow fertilizer products is primarily from the P, the small amount of N that is present in DAP, MAP, or 10-34-0 may also be important in some cases. If no pre-plant N was applied, and the soil has little or no carryover N from the previous crop, the N from these fertilizer products could benefit the wheat.Information provided by Dorivar Ruiz Diaz, K-State Nutrient Management Specialist.

CAMPBELL: In-furrow nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer for wheat

September is Healthy Aging Month, a time to focus on the steps we can take to support our health, independence, and quality of life as we grow older. Healthy aging is more than simply living longer. It is about maintaining the physical, mental, and social well-being that allows us to continue doing the things we enjoy and value.

One important part of healthy aging is maintaining balance. While balance becomes increasingly important as we age, it is a skill that can be practiced throughout our lives. People of all ages can benefit from balance activities, particularly those who are sedentary or recovering from an injury.

Falls are a significant concern for older adults. According to the World Health Organization, falls are the second leading cause of unintentional injury deaths worldwide. In the United States, about one in four adults age 65 and older reports falling each year. Fall can cause serious injuries and may also affect a person’s confidence and independence.

Balance naturally can change with age due to changes in vision, muscle strength, joint flexibility and other factors. The good news is that balance can be improved through regular practice, much like strength and endurance.

Good balance helps us do everyday activities such as walking, climbing stairs, bending over and reaching for items. When people become afraid of falling, they may begin limiting their activities. Over time, less activity can contribute to loss of muscle strength, decreased mobility and social isolation.

Simple balance activities can be incorporated into daily routines. Standing on one leg while holding onto a sturdy counter, practicing heel-to-toe walking or participating in activities such as tai chi can improve stability. Safety should come first. Use a stable surface for support and talk with a health care provider or physical therapist if you have concerns about your balance or risk of falling.

Healthy aging is not something we need to wait until we are older to consider. The choices we make throughout our lives can help build a foundation for continued independence and quality of life.

This September, consider one small step you can take toward healthy aging—whether that means adding balance exercises to your routine, taking a daily walk, trying a nutritious recipe or connecting with others.

K-State Extension offers research-based programs that support healthy aging including Stay Strong, Stay Healthy, Walk with Ease, Food for Health, or Med Instead of Meds. Contact your local Extension office to learn more about programs available near you!

Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu

K-State Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt="Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District." />
 <figcaption>Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District.</figcaption>
 </figure>September is Healthy Aging Month, a time to focus on the steps we can take to support our health, independence, and quality of life as we grow older. Healthy aging is more than simply living longer. It is about maintaining the physical, mental, and social well-being that allows us to continue doing the things we enjoy and value.One important part of healthy aging is maintaining balance. While balance becomes increasingly important as we age, it is a skill that can be practiced throughout our lives. People of all ages can benefit from balance activities, particularly those who are sedentary or recovering from an injury.Falls are a significant concern for older adults. According to the World Health Organization, falls are the second leading cause of unintentional injury deaths worldwide. In the United States, about one in four adults age 65 and older reports falling each year. Fall can cause serious injuries and may also affect a person’s confidence and independence.Balance naturally can change with age due to changes in vision, muscle strength, joint flexibility and other factors. The good news is that balance can be improved through regular practice, much like strength and endurance.Good balance helps us do everyday activities such as walking, climbing stairs, bending over and reaching for items. When people become afraid of falling, they may begin limiting their activities. Over time, less activity can contribute to loss of muscle strength, decreased mobility and social isolation.Simple balance activities can be incorporated into daily routines. Standing on one leg while holding onto a sturdy counter, practicing heel-to-toe walking or participating in activities such as tai chi can improve stability. Safety should come first. Use a stable surface for support and talk with a health care provider or physical therapist if you have concerns about your balance or risk of falling.Healthy aging is not something we need to wait until we are older to consider. The choices we make throughout our lives can help build a foundation for continued independence and quality of life.This September, consider one small step you can take toward healthy aging—whether that means adding balance exercises to your routine, taking a daily walk, trying a nutritious recipe or connecting with others.K-State Extension offers research-based programs that support healthy aging including Stay Strong, Stay Healthy, Walk with Ease, Food for Health, or Med Instead of Meds. Contact your local Extension office to learn more about programs available near you!Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.eduK-State Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

KOERNER: Focus on healthy aging during Healthy Aging Month

Musk thistle is one of 12 noxious weeds in Kansas, infesting over 420,000 acres. It has been reported in nearly every county in Kansas and is found primarily in pastures, rangeland, hay meadows, alfalfa, fallow, roadsides, and waste areas. Under the new Noxious Weed Law, musk thistle is considered a Category C weed. That means it is well established within the state and has an extensive population.&nbsp;

Control efforts should be aimed at reducing or eliminating new populations, and established stands should be managed with any accepted control method.&nbsp; These include mechanical, chemical, and biological approaches.&nbsp; Mechanical control involves removing the entire plant or just the reproductive parts to prevent the plants from producing flowers/seeds.&nbsp; Mowing, digging, and hoeing are common mechanical methods of controlling musk thistle. Several herbicides are labeled for musk thistle control and are discussed below.&nbsp; Biological control requires a permit and needs to be integrated with other methods.&nbsp; Head and crown weevils are found in the state but cannot be transported across state lines.&nbsp; A flower fly is a new candidate species for biological control of musk thistle.

Musk thistle is primarily a biennial or winter annual species. Biennials take two growing seasons to complete their life cycle. Thistles germinating in the spring will spend the entire summer as a rosette, live through the winter, and bolt the next year in May and June. Winter annual plants will germinate with moisture and warm temperatures in the fall, live through the winter, and bolt the following year.

Most people recognize musk thistle during the early summer when the plants are actively blooming. However, musk thistle control is easiest as a rosette.

Fall is an excellent time to spray musk thistle as all are in the rosette growth stage. Another advantage of treatment in the fall is reduced risk of off-target drift. Waiting until most deciduous trees have lost their leaves and most crops are harvested will greatly reduce the likelihood of damage from herbicide drift. A wider window of opportunity for treating musk thistle also exists in the fall. The spraying window in the fall probably extends until the ground is frozen, and the musk thistle plants have shut down activity until warmer temperatures in the spring. Freezing temperatures will start to damage musk thistle plants, with some yellowing and curling of leaves. However, the plants are susceptible to herbicides as long as green tissue exists.

Dry conditions in the fall can reduce control of musk thistle with certain herbicides. Still, studies in Kansas indicated that a fall application of 2,4-D LVE at 2 lbs per acre was more effective (80% control) than a similar rate of 2,4-D amine (49% control). Dicamba + 2,4-D amine at 0.25 + 0.75 lbs per acre and picloram at 0.125 lbs per acre were also effective (&gt;90% control) on musk thistle treated in the fall.&nbsp; Other herbicides that have proven effective include 3-5&nbsp; fl oz/acre aminopyralid (Milestone) and aminopyralid + metsulfuron (Chaparral at 1.5 oz/acre).&nbsp; Products containing picloram and aminopyralid will not only control rosettes treated in the fall but will have enough carryover to control emerging seedlings the following spring.

If you need to treat musk thistle this fall, select the proper herbicide for the job.&nbsp; If possible, select a warm, sunny day to spray. Scattered rosettes can be mechanically removed by digging below the crown. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698681527025.jpeg" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Musk thistle is one of 12 noxious weeds in Kansas, infesting over 420,000 acres. It has been reported in nearly every county in Kansas and is found primarily in pastures, rangeland, hay meadows, alfalfa, fallow, roadsides, and waste areas. Under the new Noxious Weed Law, musk thistle is considered a Category C weed. That means it is well established within the state and has an extensive population.&nbsp;Control efforts should be aimed at reducing or eliminating new populations, and established stands should be managed with any accepted control method.&nbsp; These include mechanical, chemical, and biological approaches.&nbsp; Mechanical control involves removing the entire plant or just the reproductive parts to prevent the plants from producing flowers/seeds.&nbsp; Mowing, digging, and hoeing are common mechanical methods of controlling musk thistle. Several herbicides are labeled for musk thistle control and are discussed below.&nbsp; Biological control requires a permit and needs to be integrated with other methods.&nbsp; Head and crown weevils are found in the state but cannot be transported across state lines.&nbsp; A flower fly is a new candidate species for biological control of musk thistle.Musk thistle is primarily a biennial or winter annual species. Biennials take two growing seasons to complete their life cycle. Thistles germinating in the spring will spend the entire summer as a rosette, live through the winter, and bolt the next year in May and June. Winter annual plants will germinate with moisture and warm temperatures in the fall, live through the winter, and bolt the following year.Most people recognize musk thistle during the early summer when the plants are actively blooming. However, musk thistle control is easiest as a rosette.Fall is an excellent time to spray musk thistle as all are in the rosette growth stage. Another advantage of treatment in the fall is reduced risk of off-target drift. Waiting until most deciduous trees have lost their leaves and most crops are harvested will greatly reduce the likelihood of damage from herbicide drift. A wider window of opportunity for treating musk thistle also exists in the fall. The spraying window in the fall probably extends until the ground is frozen, and the musk thistle plants have shut down activity until warmer temperatures in the spring. Freezing temperatures will start to damage musk thistle plants, with some yellowing and curling of leaves. However, the plants are susceptible to herbicides as long as green tissue exists.Dry conditions in the fall can reduce control of musk thistle with certain herbicides. Still, studies in Kansas indicated that a fall application of 2,4-D LVE at 2 lbs per acre was more effective (80% control) than a similar rate of 2,4-D amine (49% control). Dicamba + 2,4-D amine at 0.25 + 0.75 lbs per acre and picloram at 0.125 lbs per acre were also effective (&gt;90% control) on musk thistle treated in the fall.&nbsp; Other herbicides that have proven effective include 3-5&nbsp; fl oz/acre aminopyralid (Milestone) and aminopyralid + metsulfuron (Chaparral at 1.5 oz/acre).&nbsp; Products containing picloram and aminopyralid will not only control rosettes treated in the fall but will have enough carryover to control emerging seedlings the following spring.If you need to treat musk thistle this fall, select the proper herbicide for the job.&nbsp; If possible, select a warm, sunny day to spray. Scattered rosettes can be mechanically removed by digging below the crown. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.K-State Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.

BOOR: Fall is a good time to control musk thistle

I often hear adults complain about a lack of financial skills with young people. There are times that I certainly understand the frustration as I learned to make change at my first job at age 13. There are other times that I remind myself, and others, that if someone doesn’t teach them, they can’t know what they don’t know.

In my role as a Family and Community Wellness agent, I get to lean into twenty years of banking experience and utilize great financial resources from K-State Extension.

I have had an opportunity to work with several small groups of college students. In one of the sessions, we work through wants versus needs and that can sure be a tough conversation! This is followed up by setting SMART financial goals with the students looking at goals between now and the end of the school year, intermediate goals of 3-5 years, and long-term goals of 8-10 years. As a reminder, SMART refers to Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Timely. I am always impressed by those whose intermediate and long-term goals include where they wanted to be in their career and the tools they would need to save for a house.

The next step is identifying sources of income and categorizing expenses. We pull all of those pieces together into a basic budget! One of my favorite questions – from more than one student – is “if I have money left, how much should I be putting into savings?”

I look forward to working with groups like this to take a hard look at how to be an efficient grocery store shopper, work on basic cooking skills, and other skills that can help them be more effective adults and employees! Practicing written skills such as a business letter or email help these young people realize that every interaction with a supervisor, mentor, or co-worker can help, or hinder, their opportunities for advancement and greater financial stability.

We have several great publications and tools if you need to take a look at your financial goals and move your household toward financial stability and security.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668179445671.jpeg" alt="written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>I often hear adults complain about a lack of financial skills with young people. There are times that I certainly understand the frustration as I learned to make change at my first job at age 13. There are other times that I remind myself, and others, that if someone doesn’t teach them, they can’t know what they don’t know.In my role as a Family and Community Wellness agent, I get to lean into twenty years of banking experience and utilize great financial resources from K-State Extension.I have had an opportunity to work with several small groups of college students. In one of the sessions, we work through wants versus needs and that can sure be a tough conversation! This is followed up by setting SMART financial goals with the students looking at goals between now and the end of the school year, intermediate goals of 3-5 years, and long-term goals of 8-10 years. As a reminder, SMART refers to Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Timely. I am always impressed by those whose intermediate and long-term goals include where they wanted to be in their career and the tools they would need to save for a house.The next step is identifying sources of income and categorizing expenses. We pull all of those pieces together into a basic budget! One of my favorite questions – from more than one student – is “if I have money left, how much should I be putting into savings?”I look forward to working with groups like this to take a hard look at how to be an efficient grocery store shopper, work on basic cooking skills, and other skills that can help them be more effective adults and employees! Practicing written skills such as a business letter or email help these young people realize that every interaction with a supervisor, mentor, or co-worker can help, or hinder, their opportunities for advancement and greater financial stability.We have several great publications and tools if you need to take a look at your financial goals and move your household toward financial stability and security.Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness!Michelle Beran is a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other K-State Extension resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.All Kansas Extension education programs and materials are available to all individuals without discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age or disability.

BERAN: Evaluating financial goals

Late summer is an excellent time for herbicide applications to control Phragmites, or common reed, which is a perennial plant that is increasing in Kansas waterways, wetlands, and roadsides.

There are actually two subspecies of Phragmites in Kansas: a non-invasive native species and an introduced species that is considered a noxious weed in Nebraska and Colorado, but not in Kansas. Some key characteristics that distinguish the non-native species are:

· Dense, monoculture stands with many standing dead stems (native stands have more plant diversity and fewer dead stems).

· Rough, green stems (native stems are smooth, glossy, and rose/red in the lower part of the plant).

· Leaf retention after senescence (native leaves are easily removed and often dropped from stems).

Management Options Prevention, proper identification and early detection are the most effective measures to manage the plant. There are no recommended biological control methods at this time.

Mowing is one method to manage non-native phragmites but it should be done several times during the growing season to be effective. Mowing alone will not provide control.

Both intensive grazing or prescribed burning alone will not control non-native phragmites. Both will remove top vegetative growth, but both should be used with other management measures.

Herbicides are generally the most effective means of controlling Phragmites. The best time for application is after the plant stops using energy to produce seeds and begins to prepare to overwinter by translocating carbohydrates to the rhizomes (late summer/fall).

Because Phragmites is a perennial plant, multiple applications will likely be needed to completely kill the rhizomes, especially in large, well-established stands. Herbicide and surfactant options are often limited due to the need for an aquatic application label. The two products most commonly used with an aquatic label are glyphosate (Rodeo, others) and imazapyr (Arsenal, others).

Some experts say that spraying herbicide on mature plants will have less than desired benefits. Another herbicide treatment approach is to cut as much of the Phragmites as possible a couple of inches above the water line. If possible working in small stretches so that there is no more than 15 minutes between cutting and herbicide application and to continue this process. Monitor regrowth of surviving plants as repeated herbicide applications may be required. Be sure to select a product labeled for the site. Read, understand and follow all label instructions when using any pesticide.

Imazapyr (Arsenal, others) can also kill tress in the treated area, as it is also labeled for control of hardwood brush and trees.

Treatment of aquatic weeds may result in oxygen depletion or loss due to decomposition of dead plants. This oxygen loss may cause the suffocation of some aquatic organisms/fish, etc. DO NOT treat more than 1/4-1/3 of the pond surface area of the water in a single operation and wait at least 10 to 14 days between treatments. Begin treatment along the shore and proceed outward in bands to allow aquatic organisms to move into untreated areas. DO NOT contaminate water when disposing of equipment wash waters or rinsate.

Aquatic applications can also lend themselves to aerial applications, typically by helicopter or drone, provided the herbicide label allows for aerial application. When applying glyphosate or imazapyr for control of Phragmites, care should be taken to avoid off-target movement and injury to desired species and follow the setback distance to water intakes.

The use of trade names is for clarity to readers and does not imply endorsement of a particular product, nor does exclusion imply non-approval. Always consult the herbicide label for the most current use requirements.

Information provided by Sarah Ganske, K-State Weed Specialist and Joe Gerken, K-State Extension Fisheries and Aquatic Specialist.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Late summer is an excellent time for herbicide applications to control Phragmites, or common reed, which is a perennial plant that is increasing in Kansas waterways, wetlands, and roadsides.There are actually two subspecies of Phragmites in Kansas: a non-invasive native species and an introduced species that is considered a noxious weed in Nebraska and Colorado, but not in Kansas. Some key characteristics that distinguish the non-native species are:· Dense, monoculture stands with many standing dead stems (native stands have more plant diversity and fewer dead stems).· Rough, green stems (native stems are smooth, glossy, and rose/red in the lower part of the plant).· Leaf retention after senescence (native leaves are easily removed and often dropped from stems).<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2026/9/1789663495043.jpeg" alt="Phragmites" />
 <figcaption>Phragmites</figcaption>
 </figure>Management Options Prevention, proper identification and early detection are the most effective measures to manage the plant. There are no recommended biological control methods at this time.Mowing is one method to manage non-native phragmites but it should be done several times during the growing season to be effective. Mowing alone will not provide control.Both intensive grazing or prescribed burning alone will not control non-native phragmites. Both will remove top vegetative growth, but both should be used with other management measures.Herbicides are generally the most effective means of controlling Phragmites. The best time for application is after the plant stops using energy to produce seeds and begins to prepare to overwinter by translocating carbohydrates to the rhizomes (late summer/fall).Because Phragmites is a perennial plant, multiple applications will likely be needed to completely kill the rhizomes, especially in large, well-established stands. Herbicide and surfactant options are often limited due to the need for an aquatic application label. The two products most commonly used with an aquatic label are glyphosate (Rodeo, others) and imazapyr (Arsenal, others).Some experts say that spraying herbicide on mature plants will have less than desired benefits. Another herbicide treatment approach is to cut as much of the Phragmites as possible a couple of inches above the water line. If possible working in small stretches so that there is no more than 15 minutes between cutting and herbicide application and to continue this process. Monitor regrowth of surviving plants as repeated herbicide applications may be required. Be sure to select a product labeled for the site. Read, understand and follow all label instructions when using any pesticide.Imazapyr (Arsenal, others) can also kill tress in the treated area, as it is also labeled for control of hardwood brush and trees.Treatment of aquatic weeds may result in oxygen depletion or loss due to decomposition of dead plants. This oxygen loss may cause the suffocation of some aquatic organisms/fish, etc. DO NOT treat more than 1/4-1/3 of the pond surface area of the water in a single operation and wait at least 10 to 14 days between treatments. Begin treatment along the shore and proceed outward in bands to allow aquatic organisms to move into untreated areas. DO NOT contaminate water when disposing of equipment wash waters or rinsate.Aquatic applications can also lend themselves to aerial applications, typically by helicopter or drone, provided the herbicide label allows for aerial application. When applying glyphosate or imazapyr for control of Phragmites, care should be taken to avoid off-target movement and injury to desired species and follow the setback distance to water intakes.The use of trade names is for clarity to readers and does not imply endorsement of a particular product, nor does exclusion imply non-approval. Always consult the herbicide label for the most current use requirements.Information provided by Sarah Ganske, K-State Weed Specialist and Joe Gerken, K-State Extension Fisheries and Aquatic Specialist.

CAMPBELL: Managing phragmites in waterways, wetlands, and roadsides

Pain can affect people in different ways. It can feel sharp or dull or like a prick, tingle, sting, burn, or ache. You may feel it in one area of your body or all over. Pain can be short-lived or go on for months or years.

Pain that lasts longer than three months is called chronic pain. Chronic pain can affect all aspects of daily life, including your mood, sleep, work, and relationships. And millions of Americans experience it.

Finding what works best to ease your chronic pain is a process. Treatments may include pain medications, medical procedures, devices, and physical therapy. Some people use complementary health options alongside conventional care. These may include acupuncture, chiropractic care, massage therapy, or tai chi.

But what’s available doesn’t always work for everyone. Sometimes, treatments may not get rid of pain, but they can still reduce pain and help people function better. Some pain medications have unwanted side effects. Others may lead to addiction.

Researchers are continuing to explore new ways to treat chronic pain. They’re looking for safer medications and more targeted therapies.

Complementary Health Options Scientists are also looking beyond medicines for managing pain. Research has shown that certain complementary health approaches reduce pain for some people. These include acupuncture, massage therapy, tai chi, and others.

A recent study showed that nearly 1 out of every 2 people use complementary approaches for pain. Researchers are studying several complementary approaches for different types of pain.

Acupuncture is one example. It uses thin needles that are inserted through the skin into specific points on the body. The practice has been part of traditional Chinese medicine for centuries. One condition that acupuncture is being studied for as a form of pain relief is angina. Angina is a type of chest pain brought on by physical exertion or mental or emotional stress.

Researchers are looking at other complementary approaches to reduce pain caused by cancer treatment. Chemotherapy can damage nerves in the hands and feet. This leads to pain, numbness, tingling, loss of balance, and falls. Studies have shown that tai chi can improve balance and help lower the risk of falls. Tai chi involves slow, gentle movements and controlled breathing.

Pain often needs to be treated with a range of strategies because it affects the body in so many ways. At NIH’s chronic pain clinic, patients are evaluated and treated by a team of specialists. “When patients come to the clinic, they’re seen by the entire team, including neurologists, nutritionists, psychologists, social workers, physical therapists, and rehabilitation medicine specialists,” says NIH’s Dr. Miroslav Bačkonja, an expert on pain treatment. “Our approach to assessing and treating chronic pain is to take a whole-person perspective.”

Complementary health options are part of this whole-person approach. For example, Bačkonja explains, “A patient might see a recreational therapist and get recommendations to learn tai chi or dancing to improve their symptoms and function.” People with chronic pain may see a nutritionist to discuss changes to their diet or herbal options, in addition to other specialists on the team.

“We know there’s more to chronic pain than a single disease, joint, or incident,” he adds. Researchers are continuing to look for new options to help manage pain. If you’re dealing with chronic pain, talk with your doctor about treatment options. The options will differ depending on what’s causing the pain.

Pain Treatments Beyond Medication Many non-medication approaches can improve pain and function without serious risks. Options may include:

• Exercise such as aerobic, aquatic, or resistance exercises

• Psychological therapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt="Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District." />
 <figcaption>Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District.</figcaption>
 </figure>Pain can affect people in different ways. It can feel sharp or dull or like a prick, tingle, sting, burn, or ache. You may feel it in one area of your body or all over. Pain can be short-lived or go on for months or years.Pain that lasts longer than three months is called chronic pain. Chronic pain can affect all aspects of daily life, including your mood, sleep, work, and relationships. And millions of Americans experience it.Finding what works best to ease your chronic pain is a process. Treatments may include pain medications, medical procedures, devices, and physical therapy. Some people use complementary health options alongside conventional care. These may include acupuncture, chiropractic care, massage therapy, or tai chi.But what’s available doesn’t always work for everyone. Sometimes, treatments may not get rid of pain, but they can still reduce pain and help people function better. Some pain medications have unwanted side effects. Others may lead to addiction.Researchers are continuing to explore new ways to treat chronic pain. They’re looking for safer medications and more targeted therapies.Complementary Health Options Scientists are also looking beyond medicines for managing pain. Research has shown that certain complementary health approaches reduce pain for some people. These include acupuncture, massage therapy, tai chi, and others.A recent study showed that nearly 1 out of every 2 people use complementary approaches for pain. Researchers are studying several complementary approaches for different types of pain.Acupuncture is one example. It uses thin needles that are inserted through the skin into specific points on the body. The practice has been part of traditional Chinese medicine for centuries. One condition that acupuncture is being studied for as a form of pain relief is angina. Angina is a type of chest pain brought on by physical exertion or mental or emotional stress.Researchers are looking at other complementary approaches to reduce pain caused by cancer treatment. Chemotherapy can damage nerves in the hands and feet. This leads to pain, numbness, tingling, loss of balance, and falls. Studies have shown that tai chi can improve balance and help lower the risk of falls. Tai chi involves slow, gentle movements and controlled breathing.Pain often needs to be treated with a range of strategies because it affects the body in so many ways. At NIH’s chronic pain clinic, patients are evaluated and treated by a team of specialists. “When patients come to the clinic, they’re seen by the entire team, including neurologists, nutritionists, psychologists, social workers, physical therapists, and rehabilitation medicine specialists,” says NIH’s Dr. Miroslav Bačkonja, an expert on pain treatment. “Our approach to assessing and treating chronic pain is to take a whole-person perspective.”Complementary health options are part of this whole-person approach. For example, Bačkonja explains, “A patient might see a recreational therapist and get recommendations to learn tai chi or dancing to improve their symptoms and function.” People with chronic pain may see a nutritionist to discuss changes to their diet or herbal options, in addition to other specialists on the team.“We know there’s more to chronic pain than a single disease, joint, or incident,” he adds. Researchers are continuing to look for new options to help manage pain. If you’re dealing with chronic pain, talk with your doctor about treatment options. The options will differ depending on what’s causing the pain.■ Ask Your DoctorPain Treatments Beyond Medication Many non-medication approaches can improve pain and function without serious risks. Options may include:• Exercise such as aerobic, aquatic, or resistance exercises• Physical therapy• Mind-body practices such as tai chi• Weight loss• Psychological therapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy• Mindfulness-based stress reduction• Low-level laser therapy• Acupuncture• Massage• Spinal manipulationSource: NIH News in HealthMonique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.eduK-State Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

KOERNER: Chronic pain treatment and the search for new options

A Kansas State University official says an upcoming training session available to Kansans will help to address a concerning trend in mental health and resilience to stress in communities across the state.

Tawnie Larson, a program manager for the Kansas Agriculture Safety and Health program at K-State, said 20 spots are open for an online train-the-trainer workshop called Changing Our Mental and Emotional Trajectory, or COMET.

The session is planned for 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. (CST) on Sept. 22. Registration is available online. It is being hosted by K-State Extension’s Stress and Resiliency Transdisciplinary team.

“The training,” she said, “is aimed at expanding the number of trusted community members equipped to recognize mental health concerns and connect people with help.”

The Kansas Department of Health and Environment reports that adult mental illness affects about 1 in 5 Kansans. The need is disproportionate in rural areas, where an estimated 27% of adults experience mental illness, compared with 19% of urban adults.

In addition, a KDHE analysis of suicide trends from 2011 through 2021 found that frontier counties – a term for sparsely populated areas that are isolated from major population centers and services -- had the highest age-adjusted suicide rate, followed by rural counties (defined as having less severe isolation from services compared to frontier counties). Rural counties also experienced a 191.5% increase in the suicide rate during the period studied.

Larson said the state’s statistics underscore a need for building a support network that includes residents of every community in Kansas.

“Community members are often more likely to seek help from someone they already know and trust, making trained community members an important bridge to formal mental health resources,” Larson said.

COMET was developed through the High Plains Research Network and teaches everyday community members how to recognize when someone may be in a vulnerable mental or emotional state and intervene early. The approach focuses on early detection, intervention and helping change a person's trajectory toward wellness.

Larson said COMET training can expand the number of individuals equipped to recognize signs of stress and mental health concerns, provide appropriate initial support, and connect community members with available resources and professional services.

“We want to move mental health support closer to where people live, work and gather by empowering trusted community members to recognize needs, start conversations, and connect people to help,” she said.

Larson added that K-State Extension’s role builds on its longstanding presence in Kansas communities and its ability to deliver evidence-based education directly to local residents. Extension already provides education focused on mental health, stress, resiliency and suicide prevention through its statewide network.

The cost for the Sept. 22 training is $180. In addition to K-State Extension, training is supported by the USDA-NIFA Farm and Ranch Stress Assistance Network through a North Central Farm and Ranch Stress Assistance Center initiative called Engaging Programs to Support Producer Wellbeing.

More information is available by contacting Larson at tawnie@ksu.edu.

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910

K-State Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698681527025.jpeg" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>A Kansas State University official says an upcoming training session available to Kansans will help to address a concerning trend in mental health and resilience to stress in communities across the state.Tawnie Larson, a program manager for the Kansas Agriculture Safety and Health program at K-State, said 20 spots are open for an online train-the-trainer workshop called Changing Our Mental and Emotional Trajectory, or COMET.The session is planned for 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. (CST) on Sept. 22. Registration is available online. It is being hosted by K-State Extension’s Stress and Resiliency Transdisciplinary team.“The training,” she said, “is aimed at expanding the number of trusted community members equipped to recognize mental health concerns and connect people with help.”The Kansas Department of Health and Environment reports that adult mental illness affects about 1 in 5 Kansans. The need is disproportionate in rural areas, where an estimated 27% of adults experience mental illness, compared with 19% of urban adults.In addition, a KDHE analysis of suicide trends from 2011 through 2021 found that frontier counties – a term for sparsely populated areas that are isolated from major population centers and services -- had the highest age-adjusted suicide rate, followed by rural counties (defined as having less severe isolation from services compared to frontier counties). Rural counties also experienced a 191.5% increase in the suicide rate during the period studied.Larson said the state’s statistics underscore a need for building a support network that includes residents of every community in Kansas.“Community members are often more likely to seek help from someone they already know and trust, making trained community members an important bridge to formal mental health resources,” Larson said.COMET was developed through the High Plains Research Network and teaches everyday community members how to recognize when someone may be in a vulnerable mental or emotional state and intervene early. The approach focuses on early detection, intervention and helping change a person's trajectory toward wellness.Larson said COMET training can expand the number of individuals equipped to recognize signs of stress and mental health concerns, provide appropriate initial support, and connect community members with available resources and professional services.“We want to move mental health support closer to where people live, work and gather by empowering trusted community members to recognize needs, start conversations, and connect people to help,” she said.Larson added that K-State Extension’s role builds on its longstanding presence in Kansas communities and its ability to deliver evidence-based education directly to local residents. Extension already provides education focused on mental health, stress, resiliency and suicide prevention through its statewide network.The cost for the Sept. 22 training is $180. In addition to K-State Extension, training is supported by the USDA-NIFA Farm and Ranch Stress Assistance Network through a North Central Farm and Ranch Stress Assistance Center initiative called Engaging Programs to Support Producer Wellbeing.More information is available by contacting Larson at tawnie@ksu.edu.Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910K-State Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.

BOOR: Spots available for Extension's COMET training on Sept. 22

Variety selection is one of the most important decisions that a grower can make to ensure success on their farm. Now is the time when wheat producers across Kansas are reviewing yield data and making decisions about the varieties they will plant in the fall. Although yield is always a top priority, disease and insect resistance, along with appropriate agronomic traits, can buffer against crop losses. In addition, genetic resistance to diseases and insect pests can be the most effective, economical, and environmentally sound method for control.

The Kansas Wheat Variety Guide 2026 from K-State Research and Extension has now been released for this year. Agronomic characteristics, disease, and pest resistance information are included, as well as profiles that highlight some more common or new varieties for the state of Kansas.

Updates this year include the addition of variety profiles for varieties KS Tradition and KS Flintlock, along with the addition of AP Sunbird and Orange Blossom CL+.

Ratings in this publication represent results from field and greenhouse evaluations by public and private wheat researchers at multiple locations over multiple years.

An electronic version of the Wheat Variety Disease and Insect Ratings 2026 publication MF991 can be found here: https://www.bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/MF991.pdf

Or drop by our offices in Great Bend 3007 10th Street, and 601 Main Street Hays for a copy.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Variety selection is one of the most important decisions that a grower can make to ensure success on their farm. Now is the time when wheat producers across Kansas are reviewing yield data and making decisions about the varieties they will plant in the fall. Although yield is always a top priority, disease and insect resistance, along with appropriate agronomic traits, can buffer against crop losses. In addition, genetic resistance to diseases and insect pests can be the most effective, economical, and environmentally sound method for control.The Kansas Wheat Variety Guide 2026 from K-State Research and Extension has now been released for this year. Agronomic characteristics, disease, and pest resistance information are included, as well as profiles that highlight some more common or new varieties for the state of Kansas.Updates this year include the addition of variety profiles for varieties KS Tradition and KS Flintlock, along with the addition of AP Sunbird and Orange Blossom CL+.Ratings in this publication represent results from field and greenhouse evaluations by public and private wheat researchers at multiple locations over multiple years.An electronic version of the Wheat Variety Disease and Insect Ratings 2026 publication MF991 can be found here: https://www.bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/MF991.pdfOr drop by our offices in Great Bend 3007 10th Street, and 601 Main Street Hays for a copy.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: Kansas Wheat Variety Guide 2026 now available

Changes in income, increased expenses, and other financial stresses can be overwhelming.

We have several publications available through K-State Extension that can help identify opportunities and provide insight into coping with and handling tough financial times.

One of these is “When Your Income Drops: Coping With Stress”, which was updated in 2025 and includes some ways to understand and help in addressing financial situations. None of us handle finances or financial stress in the exact same way. This can create additional stress within a household when all are not on the same page. This publication is part of a series which include additional topics such as “Making Ends Meet”, “Don’t Panic; Take Control”, and “Sharpening Survival Skills”.

Another publication that can be useful for any household is “How Are You Doing? A Financial Checkup”. It notes that a financial checkup is just as important as a physical checkup and can help identify problems, chart progress, and outline action steps to achieve goals. It is a great tool for helping with a household discussion about priorities and financial management. It covers great information highlighting a tax checkup, credit checkup, insurance checkup, a retirement checkup, and an investment checkup.

“Healthy Connections: Family Meals in a Snap” provides information about the numerous benefits of cooking at home, including better nutrition, saving money, and strengthening family bonds.

Let us know if we can provide a resource or guide to help your family in navigating financial stresses.

Michelle Beran is a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668177490614.jpeg" alt="Michelle Beran is a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District " />
 <figcaption>Michelle Beran is a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District </figcaption>
 </figure>Changes in income, increased expenses, and other financial stresses can be overwhelming.We have several publications available through K-State Extension that can help identify opportunities and provide insight into coping with and handling tough financial times.One of these is “When Your Income Drops: Coping With Stress”, which was updated in 2025 and includes some ways to understand and help in addressing financial situations. None of us handle finances or financial stress in the exact same way. This can create additional stress within a household when all are not on the same page. This publication is part of a series which include additional topics such as “Making Ends Meet”, “Don’t Panic; Take Control”, and “Sharpening Survival Skills”.Another publication that can be useful for any household is “How Are You Doing? A Financial Checkup”. It notes that a financial checkup is just as important as a physical checkup and can help identify problems, chart progress, and outline action steps to achieve goals. It is a great tool for helping with a household discussion about priorities and financial management. It covers great information highlighting a tax checkup, credit checkup, insurance checkup, a retirement checkup, and an investment checkup.“Healthy Connections: Family Meals in a Snap” provides information about the numerous benefits of cooking at home, including better nutrition, saving money, and strengthening family bonds.Let us know if we can provide a resource or guide to help your family in navigating financial stresses.Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness!Michelle Beran is a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.All Kansas Extension education programs and materials are available to all individuals without discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age or disability.

BERAN: K-State Extension offers several publications about financial stresses

As an Ag agent for KSRE over these past 13 years, I have made countless home visits for individuals with tree issues. There are many reasons a tree can have problems. The drought we are living through along with the heat has taken its toll on our trees. The other extreme of heavy rains and flooding that we occasionally have can also cause significant damage to our trees. These environmental conditions are unpreventable but, giving your tree a little extra TLC for some time after can help your tree stay healthy for a long time after such events.

If your tree falters and dies what should you do? What type of tree should be the replacement? Here are some observations I have seen over time to help you find the right tree for the area you want to plant.

First of all, take a look at the site you wish to plant and observe the surroundings. How close to buildings are you? Are there powerlines above that area? What other obstacles will the tree encounter as it grows? One example is powerlines. If you have some in the area you wish to plant, you will want to chose a tree that won’t grow as tall as to interfere with them.

Soil type is also important. Most trees prefer moist, well drained soils. Knowing your soil type and how your landscape is in various conditions will help you find a tree that will thrive in your yard.Another question you need to address: what types of diseases and what insects are prone to the type of tree you are looking to plant? 

The Red Maple for example is a popular choice for a landscape tree with its vibrant fall color but, the tree has several issues in our area. The soil pH in our region tends to be high causing iron to be tied up chemically. As maples need more iron than other trees, they become chlorotic. This hinders chlorophyll production and causes the leaves to turn yellow. This in turn causes the tree to be unable to make its own nutrients and eventually cause the tree to decline and die. If you want a Maple tree be prepared to treat the tree with an iron supplement as it ages and shows symptoms. 

Maples also tend to have poor branching, so early pruning and extra care as its ages is very important to have a tree that will be around for years to come.

The Kansas Forest Service has a publication for each region of Kansas that rates trees for environmental and landscape attributes to help you select the right tree for the place you want to plant. To access the one for Northwest Kansas, including Barton and Ellis Counties got to&nbsp;<a href="https://www.kansasforests.org/community_forestry/community_docs/NW%20Preferred%20Trees122016.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.kansasforests.org/community_forestry/community_docs/NW%20Preferred%20Trees122016.pdf</a>&nbsp;or call our offices and we can get a copy to you.

<a></a>K-State Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698681527025.jpeg" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>As an Ag agent for KSRE over these past 13 years, I have made countless home visits for individuals with tree issues. There are many reasons a tree can have problems. The drought we are living through along with the heat has taken its toll on our trees. The other extreme of heavy rains and flooding that we occasionally have can also cause significant damage to our trees. These environmental conditions are unpreventable but, giving your tree a little extra TLC for some time after can help your tree stay healthy for a long time after such events.If your tree falters and dies what should you do? What type of tree should be the replacement? Here are some observations I have seen over time to help you find the right tree for the area you want to plant.First of all, take a look at the site you wish to plant and observe the surroundings. How close to buildings are you? Are there powerlines above that area? What other obstacles will the tree encounter as it grows? One example is powerlines. If you have some in the area you wish to plant, you will want to chose a tree that won’t grow as tall as to interfere with them.Soil type is also important. Most trees prefer moist, well drained soils. Knowing your soil type and how your landscape is in various conditions will help you find a tree that will thrive in your yard.Another question you need to address: what types of diseases and what insects are prone to the type of tree you are looking to plant? The Red Maple for example is a popular choice for a landscape tree with its vibrant fall color but, the tree has several issues in our area. The soil pH in our region tends to be high causing iron to be tied up chemically. As maples need more iron than other trees, they become chlorotic. This hinders chlorophyll production and causes the leaves to turn yellow. This in turn causes the tree to be unable to make its own nutrients and eventually cause the tree to decline and die. If you want a Maple tree be prepared to treat the tree with an iron supplement as it ages and shows symptoms. Maples also tend to have poor branching, so early pruning and extra care as its ages is very important to have a tree that will be around for years to come.The Kansas Forest Service has a publication for each region of Kansas that rates trees for environmental and landscape attributes to help you select the right tree for the place you want to plant. To access the one for Northwest Kansas, including Barton and Ellis Counties got to&nbsp;<a href="https://www.kansasforests.org/community_forestry/community_docs/NW%20Preferred%20Trees122016.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.kansasforests.org/community_forestry/community_docs/NW%20Preferred%20Trees122016.pdf</a>&nbsp;or call our offices and we can get a copy to you.Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.<a></a>K-State Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.

BOOR: Things to consider when choosing a replacement tree

A while back someone came into the Cottonwood Extension office with a tiny insect, asking what it is. Fortunately, it had a distinctive long snout. So that meant it was a weevil and I was able to narrow it down considerably and identify it as a rice weevil.

Now as I try to think of my next news article, bingo why not write about pantry or stored product pest. Some of the more common pantry or kitchen insect pests are probably the Indian meal moth, sawtoothed grain beetles, and flour beetles.

Several insects, commonly referred to as pantry or kitchen pests, infest dry or stored food products in the home. Most are either beetles or moths. In the case of beetles, both the adult and larval stages may be damaging while only the larvae of moths are destructive. Infestations may be noted when these insects are found in some products, but more commonly when the adults are seen crawling or flying about the kitchen or pantry.

Since most of these insects are of tropical or semi-tropical origin, they live and breed best under warm, humid conditions – conditions often found in kitchen cupboards. Since most do not hibernate, reproduction is continuous throughout the year and populations can build up rapidly if they are left undisturbed.

Inspection - always keep in mind that many pantry pests are strong fliers and that their larvae can crawl some distance from a source of infestation. The source of infestation is usually limited to a small area such as the kitchen, or a single cabinet, or a single susceptible product. Before you attempt control, find out this source and eliminate it.

This is not always an easy job. Check all the materials mentioned as susceptible products. Do not overlook the fact that a sealed container may be infested because the lid may be loose enough to allow pantry pests.

Sterilization - it is possible to kill pantry pests by putting lightly infested packages in the refrigerator freezer compartment for a least two or three days.

Sanitation - periodically clean all shelves in storage areas. Many pantry pests can breed in food particles that spill or sift from packages and accumulate in cracks and corners. The insects can then infest food packages on the shelves later.

Buy only small quantities of foods susceptible to infestation, especially in the summer. Carefully examine these foods when you get them to be sure they are free of pests.

Whenever possible, dry foods can be stored in clean glass or metal containers with tight fitting lids. (Empty coffee cans with plastic lids make excellent storage containers.) Clean containers thoroughly before placing fresh food in them. Never leave them undisturbed for long periods of time. Storing these food products in the refrigerator or freezer will prevent infestation.

Insecticides - are not recommended for use against pantry pests.

This article is not intended to provoke panic, but just an FYI for folks to be aware of and keep in mind. If you have any questions give us a call at the Cottonwood Extension Office.

Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>A while back someone came into the Cottonwood Extension office with a tiny insect, asking what it is. Fortunately, it had a distinctive long snout. So that meant it was a weevil and I was able to narrow it down considerably and identify it as a rice weevil.Now as I try to think of my next news article, bingo why not write about pantry or stored product pest. Some of the more common pantry or kitchen insect pests are probably the Indian meal moth, sawtoothed grain beetles, and flour beetles.Several insects, commonly referred to as pantry or kitchen pests, infest dry or stored food products in the home. Most are either beetles or moths. In the case of beetles, both the adult and larval stages may be damaging while only the larvae of moths are destructive. Infestations may be noted when these insects are found in some products, but more commonly when the adults are seen crawling or flying about the kitchen or pantry.Since most of these insects are of tropical or semi-tropical origin, they live and breed best under warm, humid conditions – conditions often found in kitchen cupboards. Since most do not hibernate, reproduction is continuous throughout the year and populations can build up rapidly if they are left undisturbed.Inspection - always keep in mind that many pantry pests are strong fliers and that their larvae can crawl some distance from a source of infestation. The source of infestation is usually limited to a small area such as the kitchen, or a single cabinet, or a single susceptible product. Before you attempt control, find out this source and eliminate it.This is not always an easy job. Check all the materials mentioned as susceptible products. Do not overlook the fact that a sealed container may be infested because the lid may be loose enough to allow pantry pests.Sterilization - it is possible to kill pantry pests by putting lightly infested packages in the refrigerator freezer compartment for a least two or three days.Sanitation - periodically clean all shelves in storage areas. Many pantry pests can breed in food particles that spill or sift from packages and accumulate in cracks and corners. The insects can then infest food packages on the shelves later.Buy only small quantities of foods susceptible to infestation, especially in the summer. Carefully examine these foods when you get them to be sure they are free of pests.Whenever possible, dry foods can be stored in clean glass or metal containers with tight fitting lids. (Empty coffee cans with plastic lids make excellent storage containers.) Clean containers thoroughly before placing fresh food in them. Never leave them undisturbed for long periods of time. Storing these food products in the refrigerator or freezer will prevent infestation.Insecticides - are not recommended for use against pantry pests.This article is not intended to provoke panic, but just an FYI for folks to be aware of and keep in mind. If you have any questions give us a call at the Cottonwood Extension Office.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: Pantry pests and the best methods to control them

Suicide is a preventable mental health crisis. As of 2022, Kansas ranked 17th in the nation for suicides. It was also the second leading cause of death for ages 10-44. And sadly overall, it is the 10th leading cause of death in our State. 

Every person knows someone that has either attempted or completed a suicide. With work to destigmatize mental health problems surrounding suicide, we can make inroads to reduce both attempted and completed suicides.

Knowing the signs someone is struggling is an important first step. On many occasions, a change in behavior or lack of interest in things they normally enjoy are key indicators. Someone who is struggling may also be anxious or worried. They may mention that they are unhappy or seem quieter or more withdrawn than normal. They may be sleeping more than normal, or are having issues with sleep. They may talk about wanting to die or that life would be better off without them. They may be giving personal items away, and expressing wanting it all to end. These are all major indicators that a person may be suicidal and may need immediate help.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698681527025.jpeg" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Suicide is a preventable mental health crisis. As of 2022, Kansas ranked 17th in the nation for suicides. It was also the second leading cause of death for ages 10-44. And sadly overall, it is the 10th leading cause of death in our State. Every person knows someone that has either attempted or completed a suicide. With work to destigmatize mental health problems surrounding suicide, we can make inroads to reduce both attempted and completed suicides.Knowing the signs someone is struggling is an important first step. On many occasions, a change in behavior or lack of interest in things they normally enjoy are key indicators. Someone who is struggling may also be anxious or worried. They may mention that they are unhappy or seem quieter or more withdrawn than normal. They may be sleeping more than normal, or are having issues with sleep. They may talk about wanting to die or that life would be better off without them. They may be giving personal items away, and expressing wanting it all to end. These are all major indicators that a person may be suicidal and may need immediate help.Whether this is for you, or for someone you know, remembering ways to get help are so important. Asking a friend or loved one about suicide will NOT put the thought into their head or increase their risk of dying by suicide.&nbsp;If you or someone you know has mentioned or is experiencing suicidal thoughts or behaviors and need assistance, please call the National Crisis and Suicide Hotlineat 988. You can use this number to call (or text) and the hotline is staffed 24/7. You or your loved ones do not have to be actively suicidal to call or text this number. But, if you are in a mental health crisis and in of need of assistance, the hotline is definitely there for you.Everyone has an opportunity to help prevent suicide. If interested in suicide prevention training opportunities, such as Question, Persuade, Refer: Suicide Prevention&nbsp;(QPR) or Mental Health First Aid (MHFA), please contact me at 620-793-1910, or by email at&nbsp;<a href="mailto:aboor@ksu.edu">aboor@ksu.edu</a>and I can help you get trainings set up.&nbsp;&nbsp;Here are additional resources:National Resources&nbsp;<ul>
 <li><a href="https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org/" target="_blank">https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org/</a> &nbsp;</li><li><a href="https://www.sprc.org/" target="_blank">https://www.sprc.org/</a> &nbsp;</li><li><a href="https://www.samhsa.gov/childrens-awareness-day/past-events/2019/resources-suicide-prevention" target="_blank">https://www.samhsa.gov/childrens-awareness-day/past-events/2019/resources-suicide-prevention</a> &nbsp;</li>
 </ul>&nbsp;State Resources&nbsp;<ul>
 <li><a href="https://www.sprc.org/states/kansas" target="_blank">https://www.sprc.org/states/kansas</a> &nbsp;</li><li><a href="https://www.ksphq.org/" target="_blank">https://www.ksphq.org/</a> &nbsp;</li>
 </ul>&nbsp;Local Resources&nbsp;<ul>
 <li>High Plains Mental Health Center.&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://hpmhc.com/" target="_blank">https://hpmhc.com/</a></li><li>The Center for Counseling and Consultation. 24/7 Crisis line –620-792-2544 or 800-875-8544&nbsp;</li>
 </ul><a href="https://thecentergb.org/" target="_blank">https://thecentergb.org/</a><a href="https://thecentergb.org/" target="_blank"></a>Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.K-State Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.