Have you gotten outside for some fresh air? Taken a walk with friends or family? Better yet, have you signed up for Walk Kansas?

While Walk Kansas kicked off on Sunday, March 22, there is still time to register your team and see how far you can walk between now and May 16!

Walk Kansas is an 8-week K-State Extension (KSE) health initiative that promotes personal health and well-being by helping participants adopt healthful lifestyle habits. While primarily a team-based program, you can also go solo! Walk Kansas will help you:

· be more active with support from friends and family

· make healthier nutrition and beverage choices

· learn helpful techniques to reduce stress, sleep well, and improve overall well-being

This marks the 26th Walk Kansas program! Each year brings a renewed focus on helping participants meet the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans and increasing the amount of fruits and vegetables they eat.

If you follow us on social media, we’ll be posting a weekly newsletter which includes a recipe and I’m looking forward to trying the Mediterranean Chicken Bake that will be available this week. Our Cottonwood Extension District team would love to see you share pictures of your team on our posts!

I am definitely not a runner but my family would tell you that I regularly “power walk” everywhere. However, many other activities count toward our weekly minutes, including gardening, team sports, and strengthening exercises. The Walk Kansas Activity Guide (walkkansas.org/doc/participant/WK.Activity.Guide.26.pdf) is a great resource for other ways to increase your activity!

Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness!

Michelle Beran is a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other K-State Extension resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.

All Kansas Extension education programs and materials are available to all individuals without discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age or disability.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668179445671.jpeg" alt="written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Have you gotten outside for some fresh air? Taken a walk with friends or family? Better yet, have you signed up for Walk Kansas?While Walk Kansas kicked off on Sunday, March 22, there is still time to register your team and see how far you can walk between now and May 16!Walk Kansas is an 8-week K-State Extension (KSE) health initiative that promotes personal health and well-being by helping participants adopt healthful lifestyle habits. While primarily a team-based program, you can also go solo! Walk Kansas will help you:· be more active with support from friends and family· make healthier nutrition and beverage choices· learn helpful techniques to reduce stress, sleep well, and improve overall well-beingThis marks the 26th Walk Kansas program! Each year brings a renewed focus on helping participants meet the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans and increasing the amount of fruits and vegetables they eat.If you follow us on social media, we’ll be posting a weekly newsletter which includes a recipe and I’m looking forward to trying the Mediterranean Chicken Bake that will be available this week. Our Cottonwood Extension District team would love to see you share pictures of your team on our posts!I am definitely not a runner but my family would tell you that I regularly “power walk” everywhere. However, many other activities count toward our weekly minutes, including gardening, team sports, and strengthening exercises. The Walk Kansas Activity Guide (walkkansas.org/doc/participant/WK.Activity.Guide.26.pdf) is a great resource for other ways to increase your activity!Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness!Michelle Beran is a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other K-State Extension resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.All Kansas Extension education programs and materials are available to all individuals without discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age or disability.

BERAN: Still time to register for Walk Kansas

Several K-State Research and Extension publications related to insect management in Kansas were recently updated and are available to the public.

These publications were prepared to help producers manage insect populations using the best available methods proven practical under Kansas conditions. They are revised annually and intended for use during the current calendar year. The user should know that pesticide label directions and restrictions are subject to change, and some may have changed since the publication date.

Full versions of each fact sheet are available online, with links provided below. Alfalfa Insect Pest Management - https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/MF809.pdf

Corn Insect Pest Management - https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/MF810.pdf

Cotton Insect Pest Management - https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/MF2674.pdf

Sorghum Insect Pest Management - https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/MF742.pdf

Soybean Insect Pest Management - https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/MF743.pdf

Sunflower Insect Pest Management - https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/MF814.pdf

Wheat Insect Pest Management - https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/MF745.pdf

Just doing an internet search in your browser, i.e. – wheat insect guides, ksu should also work to pull these up.

The economics of control should be considered in any pest management decision. Because costs vary significantly over time and are influenced by factors beyond the scope of this publication, product cost is not a consideration for including or omitting specific insecticide products in these recommendations. Growers should compare product price, safety, and availability when making treatment decisions. Growers also need to consider the impacts of insecticides on non-target organisms like pollinators and natural enemies. Rotating insecticide groups can help combat insecticide resistance issues by leveraging different modes of action.

The user bears ultimate responsibility for correct pesticide use. For proper use, always read the label directions carefully before applying pesticides. Remember that illegal contamination of the treated crop or commodity can occur if pesticides are misused. K-State entomologists assume no responsibility for product performance, personal injury, property damage, or other types of loss resulting from the purchase, handling, or use of the pesticides listed.

More information on pests covered in these publications is available at: www.entomology.k-state.edu/extension/insect-information/crop-pests/

K-State Extension has many publications and information on insect control for homeowners, lawns, gardens, trees, etc. Feel free to give us a call or email anytime if needing assistance.

Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Several K-State Research and Extension publications related to insect management in Kansas were recently updated and are available to the public.These publications were prepared to help producers manage insect populations using the best available methods proven practical under Kansas conditions. They are revised annually and intended for use during the current calendar year. The user should know that pesticide label directions and restrictions are subject to change, and some may have changed since the publication date.Full versions of each fact sheet are available online, with links provided below. Alfalfa Insect Pest Management - https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/MF809.pdfCorn Insect Pest Management - https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/MF810.pdf Cotton Insect Pest Management - https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/MF2674.pdf Sorghum Insect Pest Management - https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/MF742.pdf Soybean Insect Pest Management - https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/MF743.pdf Sunflower Insect Pest Management - https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/MF814.pdf Wheat Insect Pest Management - https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/MF745.pdfJust doing an internet search in your browser, i.e. – wheat insect guides, ksu should also work to pull these up.The economics of control should be considered in any pest management decision. Because costs vary significantly over time and are influenced by factors beyond the scope of this publication, product cost is not a consideration for including or omitting specific insecticide products in these recommendations. Growers should compare product price, safety, and availability when making treatment decisions. Growers also need to consider the impacts of insecticides on non-target organisms like pollinators and natural enemies. Rotating insecticide groups can help combat insecticide resistance issues by leveraging different modes of action.The user bears ultimate responsibility for correct pesticide use. For proper use, always read the label directions carefully before applying pesticides. Remember that illegal contamination of the treated crop or commodity can occur if pesticides are misused. K-State entomologists assume no responsibility for product performance, personal injury, property damage, or other types of loss resulting from the purchase, handling, or use of the pesticides listed.More information on pests covered in these publications is available at: www.entomology.k-state.edu/extension/insect-information/crop-pests/K-State Extension has many publications and information on insect control for homeowners, lawns, gardens, trees, etc. Feel free to give us a call or email anytime if needing assistance.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: Updated K-State Insect Pest Management Guides now available

The good news is that overall, the infant rate has declined significantly from 2002 to 2021. Furthermore, the 2022 Kansas State Child Death Review Board reported that 58% of all Sudden Unexpected Infant Deaths (SUID) were found sleeping in an adult bed and 98% of the SIDS deaths had one or more factors contributing to an unsafe sleep environment.

Christy Schunn, Executive Director of Kansas Infant Death and SIDS (KIDS) Network says, "While we have made progress over the last ten years, the KIDS Network remains committed to working with partners across Kansas to continue intervention efforts to decrease infant mortality and protect the lives of our state’s youngest and most vulnerable population."

Together with Cottonwood District and Infant Toddler Services- Kid Link, the KIDS Network will host a Safe Sleep Community Baby Shower, Saturday, April 18, 2026 from 11am-1pm at the Hilton Garden Inn, 221 W 43rd Hays, KS. Community Baby Showers are an interactive and educational event for expectant parents or new parents (under six months) and their support people to learn the ABCs of Safe Sleep—all babies should sleep Alone, on their Backs, and in Clutter-free Crib. The pregnant women who attend the shower and receive the safe sleep training will receive a free portable crib and a wearable blanket, based on availability. Breastfeeding, tobacco awareness, and mental health resources will be available in addition to many other vendors who will have giveaways and door prizes. Refreshments will be served. Do you know someone who could benefit? Encourage them to attend the Safe Sleep Community Baby Shower in either Barton or Ellis County. Pre-and-post surveys will be required to receive crib and wearable blanket. To sign up for the Ellis County Community Baby Shower visit: https://kstate.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_bmh7m2JxEfWqgbY

Barton County Health Department and Kansas Children’s Services League Healthy Families will be co-hosting the Barton County Community Baby Shower on Thursday April 30, 2026, from 4 to 6:30 pm. at the Hoisington Activity Center. Over 20 different organizations will be providing

information for attendees. Door prize drawings will be held during the event. Safe sleep demonstrations will be presented throughout the event. Pregnant women or those with infants 6 months of age and under who complete the safe sleep pre- and post-test as well as the safe sleep demonstration will receive a portable crib and sleep sack until supplies run out.

Even if you don’t need a crib or sleep sack you are welcome to come check out the local resources for new families!

The KIDS Network is a nonprofit agency serving individuals who have been touched by the tragedy of infant death or SIDS in Kansas and those individuals or organizations who strive to reduce the risk of infant deaths by providing supportive services, community education, professional training and supporting associated research.

If you have questions about either event, please feel free to contact the Extension office.

Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or MONIQUEK@KSU.EDU

K-State Research is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt="Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District." />
 <figcaption>Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District.</figcaption>
 </figure>The good news is that overall, the infant rate has declined significantly from 2002 to 2021. Furthermore, the 2022 Kansas State Child Death Review Board reported that 58% of all Sudden Unexpected Infant Deaths (SUID) were found sleeping in an adult bed and 98% of the SIDS deaths had one or more factors contributing to an unsafe sleep environment.Christy Schunn, Executive Director of Kansas Infant Death and SIDS (KIDS) Network says, "While we have made progress over the last ten years, the KIDS Network remains committed to working with partners across Kansas to continue intervention efforts to decrease infant mortality and protect the lives of our state’s youngest and most vulnerable population."Together with Cottonwood District and Infant Toddler Services- Kid Link, the KIDS Network will host a Safe Sleep Community Baby Shower, Saturday, April 18, 2026 from 11am-1pm at the Hilton Garden Inn, 221 W 43rd Hays, KS. Community Baby Showers are an interactive and educational event for expectant parents or new parents (under six months) and their support people to learn the ABCs of Safe Sleep—all babies should sleep Alone, on their Backs, and in Clutter-free Crib. The pregnant women who attend the shower and receive the safe sleep training will receive a free portable crib and a wearable blanket, based on availability. Breastfeeding, tobacco awareness, and mental health resources will be available in addition to many other vendors who will have giveaways and door prizes. Refreshments will be served. Do you know someone who could benefit? Encourage them to attend the Safe Sleep Community Baby Shower in either Barton or Ellis County. Pre-and-post surveys will be required to receive crib and wearable blanket. To sign up for the Ellis County Community Baby Shower visit: https://kstate.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_bmh7m2JxEfWqgbYBarton County Health Department and Kansas Children’s Services League Healthy Families will be co-hosting the Barton County Community Baby Shower on Thursday April 30, 2026, from 4 to 6:30 pm. at the Hoisington Activity Center. Over 20 different organizations will be providinginformation for attendees. Door prize drawings will be held during the event. Safe sleep demonstrations will be presented throughout the event. Pregnant women or those with infants 6 months of age and under who complete the safe sleep pre- and post-test as well as the safe sleep demonstration will receive a portable crib and sleep sack until supplies run out.Even if you don’t need a crib or sleep sack you are welcome to come check out the local resources for new families!The KIDS Network is a nonprofit agency serving individuals who have been touched by the tragedy of infant death or SIDS in Kansas and those individuals or organizations who strive to reduce the risk of infant deaths by providing supportive services, community education, professional training and supporting associated research.If you have questions about either event, please feel free to contact the Extension office.Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or MONIQUEK@KSU.EDUK-State Research is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

KOERNER: Several community baby showers scheduled for April

The recent cold temperatures experienced on March 15-16 were enough to potentially cause freeze damage to winter wheat in parts of Kansas. The actual freeze damage will be region-specific, depending on crop growth stage and minimum temperatures. While there is nothing we can do immediately, growers can prioritize the fields they sample for freeze-damage symptoms based on conditions more likely to result in freeze damage.

According to Kansas Mesonet Weather Data for Barton County. Hours below 12 degrees was 3 and for Ellis County it was 4 hours of below 12 degrees. According to the K-State Spring Freeze Injury to Kansas Wheat publication, the approximate injurious temperatures for tillering and jointing wheat are two hours at 12 and 24°F, respectively. These are not hard numbers, as many factors influence freeze injury.

There are several factors that can affect the potential for freeze damage to wheat in the spring. Density of the stand and condition of the plants. If the stand is thick, that will tend to reduce the extent of freeze damage as the warmth of the soil will radiate up into the canopy. On the other hand, well-fertilized succulent wheat has often sustained more freeze injury than wheat that is not as well fertilized. Thin stands are at greater risk of injury because air can penetrate them more easily. If the plants were wet before the freeze, a coating of ice may form, protecting the growing point to some extent. However, if temperatures drop too low, the cold will penetrate the ice.

No-till fields can often sustain more freeze damage because the residue acts as a blanket, preventing the soil's heat from radiating up into the plant canopy.

There is often less freeze injury at a given temperature when soils are wet than when they are dry. Wetter soils tend to radiate a little more warmth than dry soils. On the other hand, drought-stressed plants tend to be more tolerant of cold injury, and their lower leaf water content tends to reduce the severity of freeze injury.

Windy conditions during the nighttime hours, when temperatures are at their lowest, will reduce the amount of heat radiating from the soil and increase the risk of injury.

Low spots in the field are almost always the first to have freeze injury. The coldest air tends to settle in the low areas, especially under calm wind conditions.

Although the sensitivity to freezing temperatures at a given growth stage is very similar across all varieties, Kansas wheat varieties can differ in their release from winter dormancy by up to 3 weeks. Because of differences in winter-dormancy release, late-release varieties may escape freeze injury due to delayed development.

Injury symptoms to look for in the coming days. There are many possible scenarios after a freeze, and producers should not make any immediate decisions. 10 to 14 days of warm temperatures are needed to allow the wheat to resume growth and to properly assess freeze damage, which will depend strongly on the crop stage.

Greenup - wheat that hasn’t started to joint yet will likely show damage to the existing foliage. This wheat will have damage that causes the leaves to appear dark green to blackish, and it will turn brown and crispy. Splitting the wheat stem to identify the growing point (tiny wheat head) and determine whether it is above or below the soil surface can help assess the risk of freeze injury.

This information has been summarized and taken from the K-State Agronomy eUpdate weekly newsletter. To read the full version search in your browser for KSU Agronomy eupdate, also you can subscribe too.

More information on freeze damage to wheat is available in Spring Freeze Injury to Kansas Wheat, K-State Extension publication C646, available at: http://www.ksre.ksu.edu/bookstore/pubs/C646.pdf.

If you need any assistance or have any questions, please give me a call at 785-628-9430 or email me scampbel@ksu.edu

Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>The recent cold temperatures experienced on March 15-16 were enough to potentially cause freeze damage to winter wheat in parts of Kansas. The actual freeze damage will be region-specific, depending on crop growth stage and minimum temperatures. While there is nothing we can do immediately, growers can prioritize the fields they sample for freeze-damage symptoms based on conditions more likely to result in freeze damage.According to Kansas Mesonet Weather Data for Barton County. Hours below 12 degrees was 3 and for Ellis County it was 4 hours of below 12 degrees. According to the K-State Spring Freeze Injury to Kansas Wheat publication, the approximate injurious temperatures for tillering and jointing wheat are two hours at 12 and 24°F, respectively. These are not hard numbers, as many factors influence freeze injury.There are several factors that can affect the potential for freeze damage to wheat in the spring. Density of the stand and condition of the plants. If the stand is thick, that will tend to reduce the extent of freeze damage as the warmth of the soil will radiate up into the canopy. On the other hand, well-fertilized succulent wheat has often sustained more freeze injury than wheat that is not as well fertilized. Thin stands are at greater risk of injury because air can penetrate them more easily. If the plants were wet before the freeze, a coating of ice may form, protecting the growing point to some extent. However, if temperatures drop too low, the cold will penetrate the ice.No-till fields can often sustain more freeze damage because the residue acts as a blanket, preventing the soil's heat from radiating up into the plant canopy.There is often less freeze injury at a given temperature when soils are wet than when they are dry. Wetter soils tend to radiate a little more warmth than dry soils. On the other hand, drought-stressed plants tend to be more tolerant of cold injury, and their lower leaf water content tends to reduce the severity of freeze injury.Windy conditions during the nighttime hours, when temperatures are at their lowest, will reduce the amount of heat radiating from the soil and increase the risk of injury.Low spots in the field are almost always the first to have freeze injury. The coldest air tends to settle in the low areas, especially under calm wind conditions.Although the sensitivity to freezing temperatures at a given growth stage is very similar across all varieties, Kansas wheat varieties can differ in their release from winter dormancy by up to 3 weeks. Because of differences in winter-dormancy release, late-release varieties may escape freeze injury due to delayed development.Injury symptoms to look for in the coming days. There are many possible scenarios after a freeze, and producers should not make any immediate decisions. 10 to 14 days of warm temperatures are needed to allow the wheat to resume growth and to properly assess freeze damage, which will depend strongly on the crop stage.Greenup - wheat that hasn’t started to joint yet will likely show damage to the existing foliage. This wheat will have damage that causes the leaves to appear dark green to blackish, and it will turn brown and crispy. Splitting the wheat stem to identify the growing point (tiny wheat head) and determine whether it is above or below the soil surface can help assess the risk of freeze injury.This information has been summarized and taken from the K-State Agronomy eUpdate weekly newsletter. To read the full version search in your browser for KSU Agronomy eupdate, also you can subscribe too.More information on freeze damage to wheat is available in Spring Freeze Injury to Kansas Wheat, K-State Extension publication C646, available at: http://www.ksre.ksu.edu/bookstore/pubs/C646.pdf.If you need any assistance or have any questions, please give me a call at 785-628-9430 or email me scampbel@ksu.eduStacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: Cold temperature and potential freeze damage to wheat

Each March, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics celebrates National Nutrition Month®, an annual campaign designed to promote informed food choices and healthy eating habits. This nationwide observance encourages individuals and families to focus on making small, realistic changes that support lifelong health.

Nutrition plays a powerful role in overall well-being. The foods we choose each day affect our energy levels, immune function, heart health, brain health, and even mood. During National Nutrition Month®, communities across the country highlight the importance of balancing nutritious foods with regular physical activity to support a healthy lifestyle at every age.

A key message of National Nutrition Month® is that healthy eating does not have to be complicated. Building balanced meals can be as simple as including a variety of food groups: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and dairy or fortified alternatives. Aim to fill half your plate with colorful fruits and vegetables, choose whole grains such as brown rice or quinoa, and include lean protein sources like beans, poultry, fish, eggs, or nuts. Small adjustments—like swapping sugary drinks for water or choosing baked instead of fried foods—can make a meaningful difference over time.

Another focus of National Nutrition Month® is mindful eating. In today’s busy world, meals are often eaten on the go or in front of screens. Taking time to sit down, savor food, and pay attention to hunger and fullness cues can improve digestion and prevent overeating. Planning meals and snacks ahead of time can also reduce stress and make it easier to stick to healthy choices.

Budget-friendly nutrition is an important part of the conversation as well. Healthy eating does not require expensive specialty foods. Frozen and canned fruits and vegetables (with no added salt or sugar) are nutritious, affordable options. Buying in-season produce, comparing unit prices at the store, and cooking more meals at home can stretch food dollars while improving nutritional quality.

National Nutrition Month® also emphasizes the value of learning food skills. Cooking at home allows individuals to control ingredients such as sodium, added sugars, and saturated fats. Trying new recipes, experimenting with herbs and spices instead of excess salt, and involving children in meal preparation can build confidence and encourage healthier habits for the entire family.

Physical activity complements good nutrition. Adults should aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity each week, while children and teens benefit from daily movement. Walking, dancing, gardening, or playing outside are simple ways to stay active without special equipment.

Most importantly, National Nutrition Month® reminds us that progress matters more than perfection. Healthy living is a journey, and every positive choice contributes to long-term wellness. Whether it is adding one extra vegetable to dinner, drinking more water, or preparing one additional home-cooked meal each week, small steps add up.

This March, take time to reflect on your eating habits and consider one or two changes that support your health goals. By making thoughtful food choices and staying active, you can fuel your body, nourish your future, and celebrate National Nutrition Month® in a meaningful way.

K-State Extension is here to support you with research based and meaningful information to help you and your family. Please visit our website to learn more about the nutrition and activity programs we offer in the Cottonwood Extension District. https://cottonwood.k-state.edu/

Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu

K-State Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt="Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District." />
 <figcaption>Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District.</figcaption>
 </figure>Each March, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics celebrates National Nutrition Month®, an annual campaign designed to promote informed food choices and healthy eating habits. This nationwide observance encourages individuals and families to focus on making small, realistic changes that support lifelong health.Nutrition plays a powerful role in overall well-being. The foods we choose each day affect our energy levels, immune function, heart health, brain health, and even mood. During National Nutrition Month®, communities across the country highlight the importance of balancing nutritious foods with regular physical activity to support a healthy lifestyle at every age.A key message of National Nutrition Month® is that healthy eating does not have to be complicated. Building balanced meals can be as simple as including a variety of food groups: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and dairy or fortified alternatives. Aim to fill half your plate with colorful fruits and vegetables, choose whole grains such as brown rice or quinoa, and include lean protein sources like beans, poultry, fish, eggs, or nuts. Small adjustments—like swapping sugary drinks for water or choosing baked instead of fried foods—can make a meaningful difference over time.Another focus of National Nutrition Month® is mindful eating. In today’s busy world, meals are often eaten on the go or in front of screens. Taking time to sit down, savor food, and pay attention to hunger and fullness cues can improve digestion and prevent overeating. Planning meals and snacks ahead of time can also reduce stress and make it easier to stick to healthy choices.Budget-friendly nutrition is an important part of the conversation as well. Healthy eating does not require expensive specialty foods. Frozen and canned fruits and vegetables (with no added salt or sugar) are nutritious, affordable options. Buying in-season produce, comparing unit prices at the store, and cooking more meals at home can stretch food dollars while improving nutritional quality.National Nutrition Month® also emphasizes the value of learning food skills. Cooking at home allows individuals to control ingredients such as sodium, added sugars, and saturated fats. Trying new recipes, experimenting with herbs and spices instead of excess salt, and involving children in meal preparation can build confidence and encourage healthier habits for the entire family.Physical activity complements good nutrition. Adults should aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity each week, while children and teens benefit from daily movement. Walking, dancing, gardening, or playing outside are simple ways to stay active without special equipment.Most importantly, National Nutrition Month® reminds us that progress matters more than perfection. Healthy living is a journey, and every positive choice contributes to long-term wellness. Whether it is adding one extra vegetable to dinner, drinking more water, or preparing one additional home-cooked meal each week, small steps add up.This March, take time to reflect on your eating habits and consider one or two changes that support your health goals. By making thoughtful food choices and staying active, you can fuel your body, nourish your future, and celebrate National Nutrition Month® in a meaningful way.K-State Extension is here to support you with research based and meaningful information to help you and your family. Please visit our website to learn more about the nutrition and activity programs we offer in the Cottonwood Extension District. https://cottonwood.k-state.edu/Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.eduK-State Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

KOERNER: National Nutrition Month: Fuel your body, nourish your future

The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines community as a unified body of individuals with common interests living in a particular area or a group of people with a common characteristic or interest living together within a larger society.

We often think of our community as the people who live in proximity to us and that is certainly a valid definition. In this definition, we have common interests but may not all agree about how to accomplish tasks and ideals.

Community can also be defined as an agriculture community across differing productions and practices. Or an education community or any number of other areas that bring people together with similar ideas. However, it still doesn’t mean that we will all agree on how to accomplish goals and ideals. Actually, I would challenge that we need to have differing viewpoints to make our community stronger. At the same time, we have to address those differences with respect and a willingness to truly understand another’s point of view.

I am blessed to be a part of a nationwide community related to our family’s cattle breed. It doesn’t mean that I am dismissive of other breeds but enjoy the people and activities in the particular one we support. I have wonderful friendships from coast to coast because of my willingness to be involved.

I am also a part of a state-wide community of extension agents with varying experiences, education, and goals. Working together across our program areas provides better research and information for the communities in which we live.

I am involved with a couple of church organizations that are part of my very local community. Having an investment in helping these organizations to make decisions and provide support for one another is an incredible blessing.

In all of my own communities, we don’t always agree! But I appreciate when we can step back from our personal focus and look at a bigger picture. What is best for this particular community? How does a decision that I or this group makes impact other related decisions? Is it easy – absolutely not! Is it necessary – you bet!

My challenge for you is to consider the communities of which you are a part. This might be the physical town or neighborhood that you live in or it may be a part of an organization or even your place of employment. How can your involvement make that community stronger? Is your involvement simply critical comment without solutions or a willingness to help?

I know that I am grateful for the many “communities” that I am involved in but each of these wouldn’t really matter if I wasn’t willing to listen, learn, and share ideas.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668179445671.jpeg" alt="written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>How do you define community?The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines community as a unified body of individuals with common interests living in a particular area or a group of people with a common characteristic or interest living together within a larger society.We often think of our community as the people who live in proximity to us and that is certainly a valid definition. In this definition, we have common interests but may not all agree about how to accomplish tasks and ideals.Community can also be defined as an agriculture community across differing productions and practices. Or an education community or any number of other areas that bring people together with similar ideas. However, it still doesn’t mean that we will all agree on how to accomplish goals and ideals. Actually, I would challenge that we need to have differing viewpoints to make our community stronger. At the same time, we have to address those differences with respect and a willingness to truly understand another’s point of view.I am blessed to be a part of a nationwide community related to our family’s cattle breed. It doesn’t mean that I am dismissive of other breeds but enjoy the people and activities in the particular one we support. I have wonderful friendships from coast to coast because of my willingness to be involved.I am also a part of a state-wide community of extension agents with varying experiences, education, and goals. Working together across our program areas provides better research and information for the communities in which we live.I am involved with a couple of church organizations that are part of my very local community. Having an investment in helping these organizations to make decisions and provide support for one another is an incredible blessing.In all of my own communities, we don’t always agree! But I appreciate when we can step back from our personal focus and look at a bigger picture. What is best for this particular community? How does a decision that I or this group makes impact other related decisions? Is it easy – absolutely not! Is it necessary – you bet!My challenge for you is to consider the communities of which you are a part. This might be the physical town or neighborhood that you live in or it may be a part of an organization or even your place of employment. How can your involvement make that community stronger? Is your involvement simply critical comment without solutions or a willingness to help?I know that I am grateful for the many “communities” that I am involved in but each of these wouldn’t really matter if I wasn’t willing to listen, learn, and share ideas.Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness!Michelle Beran is a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other K-State Extension resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.All Kansas Extension education programs and materials are available to all individuals without discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age or disability.

BERAN: Building your community can mean many things

As in 2025, degree-day accumulations for Kansas alfalfa weevils are well ahead of normal across the entire state (Table 1). As air temperatures continue to increase, it is recommended that scouting for weevil activity should be occurring right now in all regions of the state. There are confirmed reports of weevil activity and evident pin-holing in south central Kansas and along the Oklahoma border.

Alfalfa weevil degree days are a great way to estimate what might be going on in the field and serve as a useful tool to know when to time scouting. Alfalfa weevil eggs begin hatching after 300 degree days have accumulated (Table 2). Since we cannot determine if eggs present were laid the previous fall or the current spring, in Kansas, scouting should start after 180 degree days have accumulated since January 1.

Be aware of insecticide resistance - while warmer spring temperatures allow for faster alfalfa weevil development, be aware that dramatic temperature drops can slow down alfalfa growth, making the plants unable to keep up with feeding damage. Treatment may be warranted in shorter fields between 3 and 7 inches tall when feeding is evident on the top inch of growth, and 1 to 2 larvae are present. If a field is treated, it is important to verify that the expected amount of control was achieved. In 2020, populations of alfalfa weevil resistant to lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior II, Karate, Demand, etc.) were verified in northwest and southwest Kansas and Oklahoma.

While this resistance has not appeared to become a widespread problem for Kansas producers, a couple of fields reported in central Kansas last year where lambda-cyhalothrin had reduced efficacy. Oklahoma continues to have resistance statewide. Numerous products are available for alfalfa weevil control in Kansas for reference refer to our on-line “Alfalfa Insect Pest Management Guide”. When making management decisions, it is important to rotate modes of action, as this is an effective way to prevent the development of resistance.

For the most up-to-date alfalfa weevil degree day accumulations, visit the Kansas Mesonet Alfalfa Weevil Degree Day Calculator (https://mesonet.k-state.edu/agriculture/degreedays/).

Information provided by Anthony Zukoff, Extension Entomology – Garden City. 

Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>As in 2025, degree-day accumulations for Kansas alfalfa weevils are well ahead of normal across the entire state (Table 1). As air temperatures continue to increase, it is recommended that scouting for weevil activity should be occurring right now in all regions of the state. There are confirmed reports of weevil activity and evident pin-holing in south central Kansas and along the Oklahoma border.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2026/3/1773075400587.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>Alfalfa weevil degree days are a great way to estimate what might be going on in the field and serve as a useful tool to know when to time scouting. Alfalfa weevil eggs begin hatching after 300 degree days have accumulated (Table 2). Since we cannot determine if eggs present were laid the previous fall or the current spring, in Kansas, scouting should start after 180 degree days have accumulated since January 1.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2026/3/1773075466905.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>Be aware of insecticide resistance - while warmer spring temperatures allow for faster alfalfa weevil development, be aware that dramatic temperature drops can slow down alfalfa growth, making the plants unable to keep up with feeding damage. Treatment may be warranted in shorter fields between 3 and 7 inches tall when feeding is evident on the top inch of growth, and 1 to 2 larvae are present. If a field is treated, it is important to verify that the expected amount of control was achieved. In 2020, populations of alfalfa weevil resistant to lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior II, Karate, Demand, etc.) were verified in northwest and southwest Kansas and Oklahoma. While this resistance has not appeared to become a widespread problem for Kansas producers, a couple of fields reported in central Kansas last year where lambda-cyhalothrin had reduced efficacy. Oklahoma continues to have resistance statewide. Numerous products are available for alfalfa weevil control in Kansas for reference refer to our on-line “Alfalfa Insect Pest Management Guide”. When making management decisions, it is important to rotate modes of action, as this is an effective way to prevent the development of resistance.For the most up-to-date alfalfa weevil degree day accumulations, visit the Kansas Mesonet Alfalfa Weevil Degree Day Calculator (https://mesonet.k-state.edu/agriculture/degreedays/).Information provided by Anthony Zukoff, Extension Entomology – Garden City. Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: Alfalfa Weevils are Now Active in Kansas

Six couples will be honored on March 13 as the 2026 class of Kansas Master Farm Families in recognition of their leadership in agriculture, environmental stewardship and service to their communities.

The statewide awards program is in its 99th year and is sponsored by K-State Extension and Kansas Farmer Magazine.

This year’s honorees are: ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Dean and Marlene Davis, Maple Hill. ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; David and Sheila Govert, Cunningham. ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Garry and Kathy Holloway, Kincaid. ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Caleb and Shanda Mattix, Colby. ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Keith and Connie Miller, Great Bend. ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Roger and Elizabeth Ploeger, Morrill.

The annual awards banquet will begin at 6 p.m. on Friday, March 13 at the Hilton Garden Inn in Manhattan.

From &nbsp;Barton County, Keith and Connie Miller were nominated and will be honored at the banquet. Perpetuating the family farm homesteaded in 1920 northeast of Great Bend, the Millers have steadily grown their diversified operation over the last 49 years.

Coming out of high school, Keith put in one year at Barton County Community College before returning to the farm for good. Starting in 1976, he and Connie partnered with Keith’s parents, Carl and Evelyn, raising beef cows, hogs and 500 acres of crops on the farmstead just south of the Cheyenne Bottoms Wildlife Refuge.

Keith and Connie fully took over the operation in 1990, which has now expanded to several thousand acres of wheat, corn, alfalfa, soybeans and grain sorghum. They also run a 200-head beef cattle herd. Their three daughters, Amber, Brooke and Dara, were all active on the farm growing up. Currently, Dara and her husband Jason are directly involved in the operation. As the business manager for the operation, Connie is in the process of handing those duties fully over to Dara.

Keith and Connie have been fully committed to leadership and service at the local, state and even national levels. Keith is a past chair of the U.S. Meat Export Federation, and a past chair of the American Farm Bureau Federation’s international trade committee. He has also served on the Kansas Farm Bureau’s Board of Directors for 17 years, and is the current chair of the Kanas Soybean Commission.

Connie was a long-time 4-H community leader and church youth leader, among other local leadership positions. Keith and Connie fully credit their family support system for their extensive accomplishments.

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

<a></a>K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698681527025.jpeg" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Six couples will be honored on March 13 as the 2026 class of Kansas Master Farm Families in recognition of their leadership in agriculture, environmental stewardship and service to their communities.The statewide awards program is in its 99th year and is sponsored by K-State Extension and Kansas Farmer Magazine.This year’s honorees are: ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Dean and Marlene Davis, Maple Hill. ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; David and Sheila Govert, Cunningham. ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Garry and Kathy Holloway, Kincaid. ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Caleb and Shanda Mattix, Colby. ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Keith and Connie Miller, Great Bend. ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Roger and Elizabeth Ploeger, Morrill.The annual awards banquet will begin at 6 p.m. on Friday, March 13 at the Hilton Garden Inn in Manhattan.From &nbsp;Barton County, Keith and Connie Miller were nominated and will be honored at the banquet. Perpetuating the family farm homesteaded in 1920 northeast of Great Bend, the Millers have steadily grown their diversified operation over the last 49 years.Coming out of high school, Keith put in one year at Barton County Community College before returning to the farm for good. Starting in 1976, he and Connie partnered with Keith’s parents, Carl and Evelyn, raising beef cows, hogs and 500 acres of crops on the farmstead just south of the Cheyenne Bottoms Wildlife Refuge.Keith and Connie fully took over the operation in 1990, which has now expanded to several thousand acres of wheat, corn, alfalfa, soybeans and grain sorghum. They also run a 200-head beef cattle herd. Their three daughters, Amber, Brooke and Dara, were all active on the farm growing up. Currently, Dara and her husband Jason are directly involved in the operation. As the business manager for the operation, Connie is in the process of handing those duties fully over to Dara.Keith and Connie have been fully committed to leadership and service at the local, state and even national levels. Keith is a past chair of the U.S. Meat Export Federation, and a past chair of the American Farm Bureau Federation’s international trade committee. He has also served on the Kansas Farm Bureau’s Board of Directors for 17 years, and is the current chair of the Kanas Soybean Commission.Connie was a long-time 4-H community leader and church youth leader, among other local leadership positions. Keith and Connie fully credit their family support system for their extensive accomplishments.Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.<a></a>K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.

BOOR: Keith and Connie Miller to be recognized as Kansas Master Farm Family

By MIKE COURSON Great Bend Post

K-State Crop Talk webinars have been available for farmers
since Feb. 10 of this year. The webinars run from noon to 1 p.m. each Tuesday,
with the final webinar airing on March 10. Stacy Campbell, crop production
agent in the Cottonwood Extension District in Barton and Ellis counties, said
it’s easy to participate.

“You can register for them, and you only have to do it once,
then you will receive an email with the Zoom and YouTube link,” he said. “If
you happen to miss it, you can go back and listen to the recording and view the
presenter’s slides as well.”

Topics this year have included understanding flex leases,
available soil water, and fungicide applications in corn and sorghum. 

“The last Crop Talk webinar will be on March 10, with Anthony
Zukoff, Extension entomologist, highlighting insects to watch for in
the field this growing season. To register, just do an internet search for the KSU
Crop Talk webinar, and the link should pull up.”

The webinars are primarily for growers in Central, North
Central, and Northwest areas and counties of Kansas. The information is
presented by Extension agents in those counties. <a href="http://www.bit.ly/KSUCropTalk">CLICK HERE</a> to register for the March 10 webinar.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2025/4/1744425566448.png" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By MIKE COURSON Great Bend PostK-State Crop Talk webinars have been available for farmers
since Feb. 10 of this year. The webinars run from noon to 1 p.m. each Tuesday,
with the final webinar airing on March 10. Stacy Campbell, crop production
agent in the Cottonwood Extension District in Barton and Ellis counties, said
it’s easy to participate.“You can register for them, and you only have to do it once,
then you will receive an email with the Zoom and YouTube link,” he said. “If
you happen to miss it, you can go back and listen to the recording and view the
presenter’s slides as well.”Topics this year have included understanding flex leases,
available soil water, and fungicide applications in corn and sorghum. “The last Crop Talk webinar will be on March 10, with Anthony
Zukoff, Extension entomologist, highlighting insects to watch for in
the field this growing season. To register, just do an internet search for the KSU
Crop Talk webinar, and the link should pull up.”The webinars are primarily for growers in Central, North
Central, and Northwest areas and counties of Kansas. The information is
presented by Extension agents in those counties. <a href="http://www.bit.ly/KSUCropTalk">CLICK HERE</a> to register for the March 10 webinar.

Season finale: Final K-State Crop Talk for area farmers scheduled for March 10

While the weather can’t quite make up it’s mind about winter or spring, I’m excited about an annual program that is kicking off in a few weeks. Walk Kansas is an 8-week initiative designed to help participants build healthier habits through physical activity, nutrition, and overall wellness.

The program runs March 22 through May 16 and registration opens on March 1 for individuals and teams. Ideal team size is 4 and it can be a fun internal competition for offices to have several teams.

Participants track minutes of activity or steps through the program’s online portal. The system automatically converts activity to miles by counting each 15 minutes of activity as one mile or each 2,000 steps as one mile.

Walk Kansas is built on the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, which recommend at least 150 minutes of moderate physical activity each week. Moderate activity is described as working at a pace where a person can carry on a conversation, but not sing.

“It’s not just a leisurely stroll,” Sharolyn Jackson, Walk Kansas state leader of K-State Extension, said. “It’s picking up the pace a bit to get the heart rate going.”

The program also encourages participants to incorporate strengthening activities at least two days per week, such as resistance bands, light weights or body-weight exercises.

Participants can also track their fruit and vegetable intake which can lead to the realization that we are eating less servings than we think.

Each week, Walk Kansas Wednesdays will be featured on the Cottonwood Extension District Facebook page and will include top placing teams across the District as well as features from the Walk Kansas newsletters. Theses posts will include tips for increasing activity, managing stress, and improving sleep. Be on the lookout for some fun ways to interact!

A standard registration fee of $10 covers access to the online tracking system and program materials. Youth through high school may participate at no cost. More information is available at walkkansas.org or by calling one of our Cottonwood Extension District offices.

Gather up a group of friends, family, or co-workers and lace up your shoes to Walk Kansas!

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668177490614.jpeg" alt="Michelle Beran is a&nbsp;Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. " />
 <figcaption>Michelle Beran is a&nbsp;Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. </figcaption>
 </figure>While the weather can’t quite make up it’s mind about winter or spring, I’m excited about an annual program that is kicking off in a few weeks. Walk Kansas is an 8-week initiative designed to help participants build healthier habits through physical activity, nutrition, and overall wellness.The program runs March 22 through May 16 and registration opens on March 1 for individuals and teams. Ideal team size is 4 and it can be a fun internal competition for offices to have several teams.Participants track minutes of activity or steps through the program’s online portal. The system automatically converts activity to miles by counting each 15 minutes of activity as one mile or each 2,000 steps as one mile.Walk Kansas is built on the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, which recommend at least 150 minutes of moderate physical activity each week. Moderate activity is described as working at a pace where a person can carry on a conversation, but not sing.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2026/2/1772073743557.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>“It’s not just a leisurely stroll,” Sharolyn Jackson, Walk Kansas state leader of K-State Extension, said. “It’s picking up the pace a bit to get the heart rate going.”The program also encourages participants to incorporate strengthening activities at least two days per week, such as resistance bands, light weights or body-weight exercises.Participants can also track their fruit and vegetable intake which can lead to the realization that we are eating less servings than we think.Each week, Walk Kansas Wednesdays will be featured on the Cottonwood Extension District Facebook page and will include top placing teams across the District as well as features from the Walk Kansas newsletters. Theses posts will include tips for increasing activity, managing stress, and improving sleep. Be on the lookout for some fun ways to interact!A standard registration fee of $10 covers access to the online tracking system and program materials. Youth through high school may participate at no cost. More information is available at walkkansas.org or by calling one of our Cottonwood Extension District offices.Gather up a group of friends, family, or co-workers and lace up your shoes to Walk Kansas!Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness!Michelle Beran is a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other K-State Extension resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.All Kansas Extension education programs and materials are available to all individuals without discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age or disability.

BERAN: Annual Walk Kansas program kicks off March 22

In a recent presentation to county commissioners, I included a slide that asked a simple but important question: “Why do we need K-State Extension when we have Google?”

It’s a fair question. Today, anyone can search for information in seconds. Answers are immediate. Advice is everywhere. Videos, blogs, podcasts, social media posts; the volume of information available is overwhelming. So where does K-State Extension fit?

The answer is this: Google gives you information. K-State Extension gives you application, context, and trust.

Search engines can provide thousands of answers. But they can’t tell you which recommendation fits western Kansas soil conditions. They can’t evaluate your pasture, your business plan, your parenting challenge, or your local regulation. They don’t know your community, your climate, or your constraints. K-State Extension does.

As part of Kansas State University, K-State Extension translates university research into practical, local solutions. Our agents live and work in the communities they serve. We understand the realities of agriculture, small business development, youth programming, and family life in central and western Kansas.

When a producer has a forage question, we don’t offer a generic answer; we interpret research in the context of local rainfall patterns, soil types, and market conditions. When a parent needs guidance, we rely on evidence-based programs, not internet opinion. When an entrepreneur wants to start a food business, we connect them with research-backed resources, regulatory guidance, and experienced professionals. K-State Extension is not just about answers. It’s about trusted relationships.

Our staff build long-term partnerships with schools, producers, community leaders, and families. We serve on advisory councils, collaborate with local organizations, and respond when emerging issues affect our counties. That level of engagement cannot be replicated by an algorithm.

Another key difference is accountability. The information we provide is grounded in university research. It is reviewed, evidence-based, and designed to improve outcomes; whether in agriculture, health, youth development, or community vitality. In an age of misinformation, that matters.

Google may provide speed. K-State Extension provides confidence.

Google may give you options. K-State Extension helps you make decisions.

Google can search the world. K-State Extension serves your county.

As District Director for the Cottonwood Extension District, I am proud of the work our agents, program assistants, community health worker and office professionals do every day to bring reliable, research-based education directly to the people of our communities. Our goal is not to compete with search engines; it is to ensure that when our residents need answers that truly fit their situation, they have a trusted local resource.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2024/3/1710532154009.png" alt="Jay Harris, District Director &amp; Horticulture Agent, K-State Extension&nbsp; - Cottonwood District" />
 <figcaption>Jay Harris, District Director &amp; Horticulture Agent, K-State Extension&nbsp; - Cottonwood District</figcaption>
 </figure>In a recent presentation to county commissioners, I included a slide that asked a simple but important question: “Why do we need K-State Extension when we have Google?”It’s a fair question. Today, anyone can search for information in seconds. Answers are immediate. Advice is everywhere. Videos, blogs, podcasts, social media posts; the volume of information available is overwhelming. So where does K-State Extension fit?The answer is this: Google gives you information. K-State Extension gives you application, context, and trust.Search engines can provide thousands of answers. But they can’t tell you which recommendation fits western Kansas soil conditions. They can’t evaluate your pasture, your business plan, your parenting challenge, or your local regulation. They don’t know your community, your climate, or your constraints. K-State Extension does.As part of Kansas State University, K-State Extension translates university research into practical, local solutions. Our agents live and work in the communities they serve. We understand the realities of agriculture, small business development, youth programming, and family life in central and western Kansas.When a producer has a forage question, we don’t offer a generic answer; we interpret research in the context of local rainfall patterns, soil types, and market conditions. When a parent needs guidance, we rely on evidence-based programs, not internet opinion. When an entrepreneur wants to start a food business, we connect them with research-backed resources, regulatory guidance, and experienced professionals. K-State Extension is not just about answers. It’s about trusted relationships.Our staff build long-term partnerships with schools, producers, community leaders, and families. We serve on advisory councils, collaborate with local organizations, and respond when emerging issues affect our counties. That level of engagement cannot be replicated by an algorithm.Another key difference is accountability. The information we provide is grounded in university research. It is reviewed, evidence-based, and designed to improve outcomes; whether in agriculture, health, youth development, or community vitality. In an age of misinformation, that matters.Google may provide speed. K-State Extension provides confidence.Google may give you options. K-State Extension helps you make decisions.Google can search the world. K-State Extension serves your county.As District Director for the Cottonwood Extension District, I am proud of the work our agents, program assistants, community health worker and office professionals do every day to bring reliable, research-based education directly to the people of our communities. Our goal is not to compete with search engines; it is to ensure that when our residents need answers that truly fit their situation, they have a trusted local resource.That is the value of K-State Extension.And that is why we are here.

HARRIS: Why do we need K-State Extension when we have Google

Dr. Cassandra Olds, Professor of Entomology at Kansas State University is presenting a program on insect control for livestock in March. The program will be held at the Barton County Extension office at 3007 10th&nbsp;Street in Great Bend on Thursday, March 12. The program will start at 9 a.m., with doughnuts, and run about an hour.

Dr. Olds is an expert in control of common livestock pests including flies, and ticks among others.

Topics covered during the program include: 1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Determining which flies your livestock have a problem with 2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Why flies develop resistance to insecticides 3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; What can you do to slow the spread of resistance within fly populations 4.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Developing an integrated pest management program

RSVP is appreciated, but not necessary for the refreshments. Please email or call Alicia Boor at&nbsp;<a href="mailto:aboor@ksu.edu">aboor@ksu.edu</a>&nbsp;or 785-628-9430 to RSVP. We hope to see you there!

K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698681527025.jpeg" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Dr. Cassandra Olds, Professor of Entomology at Kansas State University is presenting a program on insect control for livestock in March. The program will be held at the Barton County Extension office at 3007 10th&nbsp;Street in Great Bend on Thursday, March 12. The program will start at 9 a.m., with doughnuts, and run about an hour.Dr. Olds is an expert in control of common livestock pests including flies, and ticks among others.Topics covered during the program include: 1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Determining which flies your livestock have a problem with 2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Why flies develop resistance to insecticides 3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; What can you do to slow the spread of resistance within fly populations 4.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Developing an integrated pest management programRSVP is appreciated, but not necessary for the refreshments. Please email or call Alicia Boor at&nbsp;<a href="mailto:aboor@ksu.edu">aboor@ksu.edu</a>&nbsp;or 785-628-9430 to RSVP. We hope to see you there!Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.

BOOR: Insect control for livestock program coming to Great Bend March 12

Items to be considered by the Barton County Commission on Feb. 24, 2026.

PUBLIC HEARING: Possible Expansion of Fire District No. 2 to Include Fairview, Grant and Wheatland Townships, and the City of Galatia, Barton County, Kansas: -Matt Patzner, County Administrator, will present details. Created in 2018, Fire District No. 2 consists of Albion, Eureka, North Homestead, South Homestead, Union Townships and the Cities of Hoisington, Olmitz and Susank. It has been proposed that the District be expanded to include Fairview, Grant and Wheatland Townships, and the City of Galatia. The Commission will hear public comment at this time.

APPROVAL OF APPROPRIATIONS: 13th Month – 4th Batch: -Bev Schmeidler, County Clerk, will present details. An Accounts Payable Register will be submitted to the Commission for the period ending Dec. 31, 2025. This is considered the four “13th Month” for 2025 expenditures.

APPROVAL OF APPROPRIATIONS: -Ms. Schmeidler will present details. An Accounts Payable Register will be submitted to the Commission for the period of Feb. 10, 2026, and ending Feb. 24, 2026.

NEW BUSINESS - RESOLUTION 2026-05: A Resolution Expanding Fire District No. 2, County of Barton, Kansas, to Include the Townships of Fairview, Grant and Wheatland, and the City of Galatia and Amending Resolution 2018-10, Same, Adopted May 14, 2018: -Mr. Patzner will provide details. At a Public Hearing held prior to this Commission meeting, it was detailed that Fire District No. 2 consists of Albion, Eureka, North Homestead, South Homestead, Union Townships and the Cities of Hoisington, Olmitz and Susank. Through the adoption of this proposed Resolution, the District would be expanded to include Fairview, Grant and Wheatland Townships, and the City of Galatia. In keeping with the original Resolution, the Board of Trustees would be expanded to include representatives from the expansion zone.

PROGRAM UPDATE: K-State Extension, Cottonwood District: -Jay Harris, District Director, K-State Extension, Cottonwood District, will present an annual overview. The Cottonwood District proudly serves Barton and Ellis Counties. With offices in Great Bend and Hays, district personnel provide relevant, reliable information related to Agriculture and Natural Resources, Family and Consumer Sciences, Horticulture, 4-H and Youth Development, Family Life, Healthy Living, and more.

RESOLUTION 2026-06: Placement of Stop Signs at the Intersection of NE 220 Road and NE 10 Avenue, Union Township: -Josh Beckman, County Engineer, will provide details. The proposed Resolution calls for the placement of stop signs at the intersection of NE 220 Road and NE 10 Avenue, Union Township. Safety and engineering personnel find that there is a sight obstruction in the southwest quadrant of the intersection. It is recommended that all vehicles traveling on NE 10 Avenue are to stop for all vehicles traveling on NE 220 Road at said intersection, that stop signs be installed for northbound and southbound traffic traveling on NE 10 Avenue.

NOXIOUS WEED: Noxious Weed Eradication Progress Report and Management Plan: -Chris Schartz, County Works Director, will provide details. The Kansas Department of Agriculture (KDA) is responsible for laws aiding in the control and management of noxious and invasive weeds in Kansas. The KDA requires Kansas counties to submit an annual Noxious Weed Eradication Progress Report as well as a Management Plan.

JUVENILE SERVICES: Fiscal Year 2027 Funding: -Marissa Woodmansee, Juvenile Services Director, will provide details. The Juvenile Services Department requests approval of the fiscal year 2027 budget. The budget has been prepared based on figures provided by the Kansas Department of Corrections – Juvenile Services.

CENTRAL KANSAS COMMUNITY CORRECTIONS: Fiscal Year 2027 Funding: -Brooke Haulmark, CKCC Director, will provide details. Funding for CKCC is provided through a Kansas Department of Corrections grant. For Fiscal Year 2027, CKCC is allocated $808,438.94 in funding to support seven positions and operational and programming costs. It is noted that the funding serves the entirety of the 20th Judicial District, a five-County area covering 4,015 square miles with staff supervising an average of 237 active clients.

CENTRAL KANSAS COMMUNITY CORRECTIONS: Replacement of Fleet Vehicle: -Ms. Haulmark will present. CKCC is in need of an all-wheel drive vehicle capable of traveling through all areas of the Twentieth Judicial District. There were no comparable vehicles located at local dealerships. It is suggested that the department purchase a 2020 Dodge Durango AWD from the Great Bend Police Department. The vehicle, with just under 33,000 miles, is priced at $20,000.00. Monies are available in the CKCC budget for this planned purchase.

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: Formal Extension of the Annual Review of a Conditional Land Use Permit under Resolution 2025-07: -Judy Goreham, Environmental Manager, will provide details. A request is made to extend the deadline for the annual review of certain property as outlined in Resolution 2025-07, adopted on March 4, 2025. It is suggested that the deadline be extended until March 10, 2026, to accommodate the agenda schedule and provide Larry and Sheree Marshall, dba Marshall Towing, time to submit required documentation to assure compliance for the property located at 514 SW 20 Road, said property being in the SE/4, Section 4, Township 20 South, Range 14 West. The property is conditionally approved for the operation of a Salvage Storage Yard.

EXECUTIVE SESSION: -Chairman Duane Reif will present. Any Commissioner may make a motion for the board to recess to executive session at this time as allowed by K.S.A. 75-4319. Any motion must contain the justification for the executive session, the subject matter to be discussed, any individuals in addition to the board who will attend the executive session and the time at which the regular session shall resume.

ANTICIPATED ANNOUNCEMENTS: -County officials may attend the Great Bend Chamber of Commerce Annual Awards Ceremony beginning at 6 p.m., Saturday, Feb. 28, 2026. The event will be held at the Great Bend Events Center, 3111 – 10th, Great Bend, Kansas.

-County officials will attend County Day at the Capital on March 3, 2026.  Beginning at 9 a.m., the event will be held in the First Floor Rotunda of the Kansas Statehouse, 300 SW 10th Avenue, Topeka, Kansas.  As a result, the next Commission meeting will be  March 10, 2026. 

 -Emergency Management reminds the public that Severe Weather Preparedness Week is March 2 – 6, 2026.  Citizens are encouraged to actively participate in the State-Wide Tornado Drill, scheduled for 10 a.m., Wednesday, March 4, 2026.  In addition, Storm Fury on the Plains will be presented by the National Weather Service Wichita Office, at 6:30 p.m., Wednesday, March 4. 2026, at the Crest Theater, 1905 Lakin, Great Bend, Kansas. 

The Commission meeting will be live-streamed through Microsoft Teams. Citizens may view the meeting through their own sign in or by signing in “anonymously”. Please follow this link: <a href="https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fbit.ly%2F4sP9fEY%3Ffbclid%3DIwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAYnJpZBEyWllRSTZBWGxKdlhBQWVacHNydGMGYXBwX2lkEDIyMjAzOTE3ODgyMDA4OTIAAR7hpMisjLwdLMvsjvRbCeck5ogb6CTsSdEJPx3PbaeGc6FaSUZtXa5O7d4V-w_aem_LXARtRFD4RHMZNFQp6p7SQ&amp;h=AT67AnpXXT3jrHHORj8pm2D0ZRIRXRkrmCbg5NgGmpN0EsqcP2547AafKP69xouXFIygENfmB4oFPZsVKud1GmchxM_9wGC_ji_CvLG3Zz5-YglE9s_l3L_FghIfDI3ze35lSngpsoHa&amp;__tn__=-UK-R&amp;c[0]=AT4fnqNlXrWtPjQcRpYmGRHTSRlz4t8jICLWU1u0EdX83lelTyw46O6TEKUz6oUjf2hhlTwsSgjHUiiUzJDr9rAzJWW3p6u0uGu6GnvnpT5Ax-YDSd31xq08Xol_L8glvSsfotlmVxRdbjuCkq8JzPKRsKb5xFIw2WNCQ61PEFmGz2ZpXpTVLS3Qtd87L58C0pH98G1egW9pWs5SjvXkldv6QA" target="_blank">https://bit.ly/4sP9fEY</a>. If you wish to participate in the discussion of any item, please call (620) 793-1800 for instructions.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Items to be considered by the Barton County Commission on Feb. 24, 2026.PUBLIC HEARING: Possible Expansion of Fire District No. 2 to Include Fairview, Grant and Wheatland Townships, and the City of Galatia, Barton County, Kansas: -Matt Patzner, County Administrator, will present details. Created in 2018, Fire District No. 2 consists of Albion, Eureka, North Homestead, South Homestead, Union Townships and the Cities of Hoisington, Olmitz and Susank. It has been proposed that the District be expanded to include Fairview, Grant and Wheatland Townships, and the City of Galatia. The Commission will hear public comment at this time. APPROVAL OF APPROPRIATIONS: 13th Month – 4th Batch: -Bev Schmeidler, County Clerk, will present details. An Accounts Payable Register will be submitted to the Commission for the period ending Dec. 31, 2025. This is considered the four “13th Month” for 2025 expenditures. APPROVAL OF APPROPRIATIONS: -Ms. Schmeidler will present details. An Accounts Payable Register will be submitted to the Commission for the period of Feb. 10, 2026, and ending Feb. 24, 2026. NEW BUSINESS - RESOLUTION 2026-05: A Resolution Expanding Fire District No. 2, County of Barton, Kansas, to Include the Townships of Fairview, Grant and Wheatland, and the City of Galatia and Amending Resolution 2018-10, Same, Adopted May 14, 2018: -Mr. Patzner will provide details. At a Public Hearing held prior to this Commission meeting, it was detailed that Fire District No. 2 consists of Albion, Eureka, North Homestead, South Homestead, Union Townships and the Cities of Hoisington, Olmitz and Susank. Through the adoption of this proposed Resolution, the District would be expanded to include Fairview, Grant and Wheatland Townships, and the City of Galatia. In keeping with the original Resolution, the Board of Trustees would be expanded to include representatives from the expansion zone.PROGRAM UPDATE: K-State Extension, Cottonwood District: -Jay Harris, District Director, K-State Extension, Cottonwood District, will present an annual overview. The Cottonwood District proudly serves Barton and Ellis Counties. With offices in Great Bend and Hays, district personnel provide relevant, reliable information related to Agriculture and Natural Resources, Family and Consumer Sciences, Horticulture, 4-H and Youth Development, Family Life, Healthy Living, and more. RESOLUTION 2026-06: Placement of Stop Signs at the Intersection of NE 220 Road and NE 10 Avenue, Union Township: -Josh Beckman, County Engineer, will provide details. The proposed Resolution calls for the placement of stop signs at the intersection of NE 220 Road and NE 10 Avenue, Union Township. Safety and engineering personnel find that there is a sight obstruction in the southwest quadrant of the intersection. It is recommended that all vehicles traveling on NE 10 Avenue are to stop for all vehicles traveling on NE 220 Road at said intersection, that stop signs be installed for northbound and southbound traffic traveling on NE 10 Avenue.NOXIOUS WEED: Noxious Weed Eradication Progress Report and Management Plan: -Chris Schartz, County Works Director, will provide details. The Kansas Department of Agriculture (KDA) is responsible for laws aiding in the control and management of noxious and invasive weeds in Kansas. The KDA requires Kansas counties to submit an annual Noxious Weed Eradication Progress Report as well as a Management Plan. JUVENILE SERVICES: Fiscal Year 2027 Funding: -Marissa Woodmansee, Juvenile Services Director, will provide details. The Juvenile Services Department requests approval of the fiscal year 2027 budget. The budget has been prepared based on figures provided by the Kansas Department of Corrections – Juvenile Services. CENTRAL KANSAS COMMUNITY CORRECTIONS: Fiscal Year 2027 Funding: -Brooke Haulmark, CKCC Director, will provide details. Funding for CKCC is provided through a Kansas Department of Corrections grant. For Fiscal Year 2027, CKCC is allocated $808,438.94 in funding to support seven positions and operational and programming costs. It is noted that the funding serves the entirety of the 20th Judicial District, a five-County area covering 4,015 square miles with staff supervising an average of 237 active clients. CENTRAL KANSAS COMMUNITY CORRECTIONS: Replacement of Fleet Vehicle: -Ms. Haulmark will present. CKCC is in need of an all-wheel drive vehicle capable of traveling through all areas of the Twentieth Judicial District. There were no comparable vehicles located at local dealerships. It is suggested that the department purchase a 2020 Dodge Durango AWD from the Great Bend Police Department. The vehicle, with just under 33,000 miles, is priced at $20,000.00. Monies are available in the CKCC budget for this planned purchase. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: Formal Extension of the Annual Review of a Conditional Land Use Permit under Resolution 2025-07: -Judy Goreham, Environmental Manager, will provide details. A request is made to extend the deadline for the annual review of certain property as outlined in Resolution 2025-07, adopted on March 4, 2025. It is suggested that the deadline be extended until March 10, 2026, to accommodate the agenda schedule and provide Larry and Sheree Marshall, dba Marshall Towing, time to submit required documentation to assure compliance for the property located at 514 SW 20 Road, said property being in the SE/4, Section 4, Township 20 South, Range 14 West. The property is conditionally approved for the operation of a Salvage Storage Yard. EXECUTIVE SESSION: -Chairman Duane Reif will present. Any Commissioner may make a motion for the board to recess to executive session at this time as allowed by K.S.A. 75-4319. Any motion must contain the justification for the executive session, the subject matter to be discussed, any individuals in addition to the board who will attend the executive session and the time at which the regular session shall resume.ANTICIPATED ANNOUNCEMENTS: -County officials may attend the Great Bend Chamber of Commerce Annual Awards Ceremony beginning at 6 p.m., Saturday, Feb. 28, 2026. The event will be held at the Great Bend Events Center, 3111 – 10th, Great Bend, Kansas. -County officials will attend County Day at the Capital on March 3, 2026. Beginning at 9 a.m., the event will be held in the First Floor Rotunda of the Kansas Statehouse, 300 SW 10th Avenue, Topeka, Kansas. As a result, the next Commission meeting will be March 10, 2026. -Emergency Management reminds the public that Severe Weather Preparedness Week is March 2 – 6, 2026. Citizens are encouraged to actively participate in the State-Wide Tornado Drill, scheduled for 10 a.m., Wednesday, March 4, 2026. In addition, Storm Fury on the Plains will be presented by the National Weather Service Wichita Office, at 6:30 p.m., Wednesday, March 4. 2026, at the Crest Theater, 1905 Lakin, Great Bend, Kansas. The Commission meeting will be live-streamed through Microsoft Teams. Citizens may view the meeting through their own sign in or by signing in “anonymously”. Please follow this link: <a href="https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fbit.ly%2F4sP9fEY%3Ffbclid%3DIwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAYnJpZBEyWllRSTZBWGxKdlhBQWVacHNydGMGYXBwX2lkEDIyMjAzOTE3ODgyMDA4OTIAAR7hpMisjLwdLMvsjvRbCeck5ogb6CTsSdEJPx3PbaeGc6FaSUZtXa5O7d4V-w_aem_LXARtRFD4RHMZNFQp6p7SQ&amp;h=AT67AnpXXT3jrHHORj8pm2D0ZRIRXRkrmCbg5NgGmpN0EsqcP2547AafKP69xouXFIygENfmB4oFPZsVKud1GmchxM_9wGC_ji_CvLG3Zz5-YglE9s_l3L_FghIfDI3ze35lSngpsoHa&amp;__tn__=-UK-R&amp;c[0]=AT4fnqNlXrWtPjQcRpYmGRHTSRlz4t8jICLWU1u0EdX83lelTyw46O6TEKUz6oUjf2hhlTwsSgjHUiiUzJDr9rAzJWW3p6u0uGu6GnvnpT5Ax-YDSd31xq08Xol_L8glvSsfotlmVxRdbjuCkq8JzPKRsKb5xFIw2WNCQ61PEFmGz2ZpXpTVLS3Qtd87L58C0pH98G1egW9pWs5SjvXkldv6QA" target="_blank">https://bit.ly/4sP9fEY</a>. If you wish to participate in the discussion of any item, please call (620) 793-1800 for instructions.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Barton County Commission meeting agenda (Feb. 24)

For the purpose of this column, a weed is defined as a plant growing somewhere it is not wanted. For many gardeners, weeds are the downfall. Weeds create competition for nutrients and water. They can also restrict growth of desired plants by competing for space. The frustration with weeds leads some gardeners to turn to chemicals or give up on a garden plot altogether. 

Understanding weeds may be helpful in your gardening efforts. Just like our garden plants, weeds can be annuals, perennials or biennials. Annual weeds, including henbit and spurge, germinate each year and complete their life cycle in one growing season. Perennial weeds, such as clover and bindweed, live at least two years and often reproduce by seed with the help of wind, water, animals and other means of dispersal. 

We all know a child, or perhaps you were the child, who loves blowing dandelion heads and making wishes as the wind disperses the seeds. Perennial weeds can sometimes spread by cuttings of roots or other vegetative plant parts as well. This capability can make managing these weeds a challenge.&nbsp; 

Preventing weeds is the best management strategy. This includes using practices such as keeping the soil covered with a cover crop or mulch to prevent germination. Using drip irrigation to direct water to the desired plants rather than watering the entire garden area can also prevent weeds from germinating. 

Other prevention strategies include minimizing tillage. Deep tilling the garden damages the soil structure and brings weed seeds to the surface where conditions for germination are right. Occultation is the use of black tarps over the ground to kill weeds with the help of the sun. Depending on the persistence of the weeds this can take a couple weeks to months for successful eradication. 

Weeds that have already established in a garden are often most effectively and safely removed by hand pulling. Though there are a couple of herbicides home gardeners can use there are consequences of using this method, including risk of damaging vegetable crops due to overspray. 

Cultivating the top one to two inches of soil can remove annual and young perennial weeds. If done on a regular basis this can effectively control their growth. It is beneficial to knock out weeds before they are able to develop seeds to prevent reproduction. A single dandelion seed head has been reported to produce 150 to 200 seeds. (Something to remember next time you see the neighborhood child gathering stems in their yard!) 

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) includes controlling weeds in the landscape. Using a variety of practices listed above will give the most effective management.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698681527025.jpeg" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>For the purpose of this column, a weed is defined as a plant growing somewhere it is not wanted. For many gardeners, weeds are the downfall. Weeds create competition for nutrients and water. They can also restrict growth of desired plants by competing for space. The frustration with weeds leads some gardeners to turn to chemicals or give up on a garden plot altogether. Understanding weeds may be helpful in your gardening efforts. Just like our garden plants, weeds can be annuals, perennials or biennials. Annual weeds, including henbit and spurge, germinate each year and complete their life cycle in one growing season. Perennial weeds, such as clover and bindweed, live at least two years and often reproduce by seed with the help of wind, water, animals and other means of dispersal. We all know a child, or perhaps you were the child, who loves blowing dandelion heads and making wishes as the wind disperses the seeds. Perennial weeds can sometimes spread by cuttings of roots or other vegetative plant parts as well. This capability can make managing these weeds a challenge.&nbsp; Preventing weeds is the best management strategy. This includes using practices such as keeping the soil covered with a cover crop or mulch to prevent germination. Using drip irrigation to direct water to the desired plants rather than watering the entire garden area can also prevent weeds from germinating. Other prevention strategies include minimizing tillage. Deep tilling the garden damages the soil structure and brings weed seeds to the surface where conditions for germination are right. Occultation is the use of black tarps over the ground to kill weeds with the help of the sun. Depending on the persistence of the weeds this can take a couple weeks to months for successful eradication. Weeds that have already established in a garden are often most effectively and safely removed by hand pulling. Though there are a couple of herbicides home gardeners can use there are consequences of using this method, including risk of damaging vegetable crops due to overspray. Cultivating the top one to two inches of soil can remove annual and young perennial weeds. If done on a regular basis this can effectively control their growth. It is beneficial to knock out weeds before they are able to develop seeds to prevent reproduction. A single dandelion seed head has been reported to produce 150 to 200 seeds. (Something to remember next time you see the neighborhood child gathering stems in their yard!) Integrated Pest Management (IPM) includes controlling weeds in the landscape. Using a variety of practices listed above will give the most effective management.Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.

BOOR: Weeds - ready or not, here they come

Nearly a year ago, I made a professional leap that surprised a few people: shifting from 4-H Youth Development into the world of Family and Community Wellness. On paper, it may look like an unexpected turn. In practice, it has been a return to my roots.

Before Extension, I spent two decades in banking—years that shaped my passion for financial education, practical skills, and helping people build stability. That experience never left me. It simply waited for the right door to open.

As I settled into this new role, I found myself returning to the business and leadership books that guided me through earlier chapters of my career. Dr. Tim Elmore’s Habitudes, Mac Anderson and Tom Feltenstein’s Change is Good; You Go First, and Spencer Johnson’s classic Who Moved My Cheese? have all resurfaced on my desk. Who Moved My Cheese?, in particular, remains a favorite. Its simple story about navigating change still manages to hold up a mirror, reminding me that growth often begins with discomfort.

Extension’s mission across Kansas is, in many ways, about helping people “move their cheese.” Whether it’s leadership development through 4-H, horticulture and livestock resources for producers, or workshops that help families make informed decisions, Extension exists to provide research-based tools that improve lives and strengthen communities.

Family and Community Wellness expands that mission even further—supporting early childhood development, nutrition, aging, and financial well-being. It’s a wide-reaching umbrella, but at its heart is a simple goal: helping Kansans thrive.

The forward to Who Moved My Cheese? includes a poem by A.J. Cronin that captures this journey beautifully:

“Life is no straight and easy corridor… But always, if we have faith, A door will open for us… One that will ultimately prove good for us.”

I’m grateful for the door that opened for me. This past year has allowed me to work with college students on budgeting and career readiness, and with adults

navigating Medicare, financial planning, and everyday money decisions. Each conversation reinforces why this work matters—especially in rural communities where access to resources can make all the difference.

At the end of the day, what’s most important to me is helping our communities not just survive, but truly thrive. I’m thankful for the small part I get to play in that ongoing journey.

Michelle Beran is a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other K-State Extension resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.

All Kansas Extension education programs and materials are available to all individuals without discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age or disability.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668177490614.jpeg" alt="Michelle Beran is the Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. " />
 <figcaption>Michelle Beran is the Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. </figcaption>
 </figure>Nearly a year ago, I made a professional leap that surprised a few people: shifting from 4-H Youth Development into the world of Family and Community Wellness. On paper, it may look like an unexpected turn. In practice, it has been a return to my roots.Before Extension, I spent two decades in banking—years that shaped my passion for financial education, practical skills, and helping people build stability. That experience never left me. It simply waited for the right door to open.As I settled into this new role, I found myself returning to the business and leadership books that guided me through earlier chapters of my career. Dr. Tim Elmore’s Habitudes, Mac Anderson and Tom Feltenstein’s Change is Good; You Go First, and Spencer Johnson’s classic Who Moved My Cheese? have all resurfaced on my desk. Who Moved My Cheese?, in particular, remains a favorite. Its simple story about navigating change still manages to hold up a mirror, reminding me that growth often begins with discomfort.Extension’s mission across Kansas is, in many ways, about helping people “move their cheese.” Whether it’s leadership development through 4-H, horticulture and livestock resources for producers, or workshops that help families make informed decisions, Extension exists to provide research-based tools that improve lives and strengthen communities.Family and Community Wellness expands that mission even further—supporting early childhood development, nutrition, aging, and financial well-being. It’s a wide-reaching umbrella, but at its heart is a simple goal: helping Kansans thrive.The forward to Who Moved My Cheese? includes a poem by A.J. Cronin that captures this journey beautifully:“Life is no straight and easy corridor… But always, if we have faith, A door will open for us… One that will ultimately prove good for us.”I’m grateful for the door that opened for me. This past year has allowed me to work with college students on budgeting and career readiness, and with adultsnavigating Medicare, financial planning, and everyday money decisions. Each conversation reinforces why this work matters—especially in rural communities where access to resources can make all the difference.At the end of the day, what’s most important to me is helping our communities not just survive, but truly thrive. I’m thankful for the small part I get to play in that ongoing journey.Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness!Michelle Beran is a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other K-State Extension resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.All Kansas Extension education programs and materials are available to all individuals without discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age or disability.

BERAN: A different role means a different perspective

The average chicken egg takes about 21 days to hatch. The
gestation period for a house cat is approximately nine weeks. The plants around
Kansas, however, are a little less predictable. The average February temperature
in Kansas ranges between 25 and 45 degrees Fahrenheit. Alicia Boor, agriculture
and natural resources agent in the Cottonwood District for K-State Research and
Extension, said a stretch of days with highs in the 70s and even 80s could
impact plant life across the region.

“A lot of it has to do with soil temperature, so if we keep
having these nice, warm days, and the soil warms up, some of your early
flowering plants may start coming up and trying to bloom,” she said.

Those same plants may then be impacted again if another cold
snap hits. Thin-barked trees are also susceptible to temperature changes. The
warm sun, especially hitting the west side of the trees, can cause the trees to
begin moving sap. Damage may occur if temperatures drop and the sap freezes.

“If your tree is otherwise healthy, they can usually grow
with it and it will just be a long-standing scar on the tree because the tree
will close it off,” Boor said. “If your tree is already suffering from something
else – lack of water, insect damage, or anything like that – it could be
something that would cause it to have significant damage. It just really
depends on the situation.”

Other living things are less likely to be impacted by the
unusually high temperatures. Boor said insects in Kansas are well-adapted to
the changes. They may come above ground on the warmer days, then return below
ground to survive the cold.

“Snakes are the same way,” said Boor. “If you get a couple
days of really nice weather, you might see some snakes out sunning themselves,
but then they’ll go underground when it gets cold.”

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2026/2/1771288378898.jpeg" alt="Certain flowers, like tulips, could come up early as temperatures around Central Kansas remain well above average for mid-February." />
 <figcaption>Certain flowers, like tulips, could come up early as temperatures around Central Kansas remain well above average for mid-February.</figcaption>
 </figure>By MIKE COURSON Great Bend PostThe average chicken egg takes about 21 days to hatch. The
gestation period for a house cat is approximately nine weeks. The plants around
Kansas, however, are a little less predictable. The average February temperature
in Kansas ranges between 25 and 45 degrees Fahrenheit. Alicia Boor, agriculture
and natural resources agent in the Cottonwood District for K-State Research and
Extension, said a stretch of days with highs in the 70s and even 80s could
impact plant life across the region.“A lot of it has to do with soil temperature, so if we keep
having these nice, warm days, and the soil warms up, some of your early
flowering plants may start coming up and trying to bloom,” she said.Those same plants may then be impacted again if another cold
snap hits. Thin-barked trees are also susceptible to temperature changes. The
warm sun, especially hitting the west side of the trees, can cause the trees to
begin moving sap. Damage may occur if temperatures drop and the sap freezes.“If your tree is otherwise healthy, they can usually grow
with it and it will just be a long-standing scar on the tree because the tree
will close it off,” Boor said. “If your tree is already suffering from something
else – lack of water, insect damage, or anything like that – it could be
something that would cause it to have significant damage. It just really
depends on the situation.”Other living things are less likely to be impacted by the
unusually high temperatures. Boor said insects in Kansas are well-adapted to
the changes. They may come above ground on the warmer days, then return below
ground to survive the cold.“Snakes are the same way,” said Boor. “If you get a couple
days of really nice weather, you might see some snakes out sunning themselves,
but then they’ll go underground when it gets cold.”

Abnormally warm weather could impact plants around Central Kansas

The Hypertension Awareness and Prevention Program (HAPp) recently kicked off with a strong start, bringing community members together to learn practical ways to improve heart health and better manage blood pressure. The first session featured a special presentation by Dr. Travis Haneke, cardiologist, who shared valuable insight into hypertension, its risks, and the importance of early prevention and consistent management. Participants gained a clearer understanding of how high blood pressure affects the body and why even small lifestyle changes can make a meaningful difference over time.

Dr. Haneke emphasized that hypertension is often called the “silent killer” because many individuals do not experience noticeable symptoms. Without regular monitoring, high blood pressure can quietly increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, kidney problems, and other serious health concerns. He encouraged attendees to know their numbers, monitor blood pressure regularly, and work toward gradual improvements through nutrition, physical activity, stress management, and medication when prescribed.

In addition to Dr. Haneke’s presentation, the program introduced participants to the supportive structure of the Hypertension Awareness and Prevention Program. The program is designed to provide ongoing education, practical tools, and encouragement to help individuals take control of their health in realistic and sustainable ways. Participants will continue learning about heart-healthy habits, including reducing sodium intake, improving nutrition, increasing physical activity, and building routines that support long-term success.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt="Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District." />
 <figcaption>Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District.</figcaption>
 </figure>The Hypertension Awareness and Prevention Program (HAPp) recently kicked off with a strong start, bringing community members together to learn practical ways to improve heart health and better manage blood pressure. The first session featured a special presentation by Dr. Travis Haneke, cardiologist, who shared valuable insight into hypertension, its risks, and the importance of early prevention and consistent management. Participants gained a clearer understanding of how high blood pressure affects the body and why even small lifestyle changes can make a meaningful difference over time.Dr. Haneke emphasized that hypertension is often called the “silent killer” because many individuals do not experience noticeable symptoms. Without regular monitoring, high blood pressure can quietly increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, kidney problems, and other serious health concerns. He encouraged attendees to know their numbers, monitor blood pressure regularly, and work toward gradual improvements through nutrition, physical activity, stress management, and medication when prescribed.In addition to Dr. Haneke’s presentation, the program introduced participants to the supportive structure of the Hypertension Awareness and Prevention Program. The program is designed to provide ongoing education, practical tools, and encouragement to help individuals take control of their health in realistic and sustainable ways. Participants will continue learning about heart-healthy habits, including reducing sodium intake, improving nutrition, increasing physical activity, and building routines that support long-term success.While the program is already underway, there is still time for community members to join. Upcoming nutrition workshops will cover key topics such as healthy fats, reducing excess sodium, cooking with herbs and spices, and practical strategies for making healthier choices when eating out. These sessions include interactive discussions, food demonstrations, and simple tips that can be applied immediately at home. Individuals are welcome to participate in the workshops on their own or choose to enhance their experience through personalized health coaching.Health coaching provides participants with one-on-one support, goal setting, and accountability throughout the program. Coaches work alongside participants to create realistic action plans tailored to individual needs, helping them stay motivated and make steady progress. This added support can be especially helpful for those who want guidance in building new habits, improving nutrition, or managing blood pressure more confidently. Karissa Frasier, Community HealthWorker will coach participants in Ellis County and Monique Koerner, Family and Community Wellness Agent will coach participants in Barton County.As an added incentive, participants who enroll in health coaching will receive a free validated home blood pressure monitor. Having a reliable cuff at home allows individuals to track their blood pressure regularly, better understand patterns, and share accurate readings with healthcare providers. Regular monitoring is one of the most effective tools for managing hypertension and preventing complications.The Hypertension Awareness and Prevention Program continues to welcome new participants in Barton and Ellis Counties who are ready to take positive steps toward better health. Whether attending nutrition workshops alone or also participating in health coaching, individuals will gain practical knowledge, useful tools, and supportive encouragement along the way. Small, consistent changes—like improving nutrition, monitoring blood pressure, and building healthier routines—can lead to lasting improvements in heart health and overall well-being.If you have any questions or would like to enroll you can call the office at 785-628-9430 or email Monique at moniquek@ksu.eduMonique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.eduK-State Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.