By Ron Wilson, director of the Huck Boyd National Institute for Rural Development at Kansas State University.

Let’s go to a city council meeting. City council members are listening to a presentation about perceptions of their community. Is this presentation being made by an expensive consultant from halfway across the country? No, this presentation is being made by a local group whose average age is 17 – and they might be thinking about their senior prom. This was part of an innovative program called Youth Community Perceptions which is designed to gain input from youth and engage them with their community.

Susan Schlichting is a 4-H youth development agent for the K-State Research and Extension Cottonwood District, serving Ellis and Barton Counties. Susan helped pilot this new program called Youth Community Perceptions.

The program originated from Kansas PRIDE Program discussions about how to get youth more engaged in their hometowns. The PRIDE Program is celebrating its 50th&nbsp;anniversary in 2020, so this is another in our series of profiles highlighting PRIDE communities.

PRIDE program participants have often wanted to involve more youth in their communities. In 2018, the K-State Research and Extension Community Vitality team (of which Kansas PRIDE is a part) engaged in discussions with Kansas 4-H about launching an initiative to help.

With grant support from Epsilon Sigma Phi, the extension professional organization, the Youth Community Perceptions program was developed. It was designed as a community evaluation and assessment program that would allow youth to discover the assets and needs of their communities and engage in community conversations.

An educational curriculum was created. The Ellis PRIDE program was approached about hosting a pilot test of the program in their community. Extension agent Susan Schlichting made inquiries around town. Ultimately, the Kansas Association for Youth organization at Ellis High School chose to participate.

The students learned about the community capitals model. Then they were provided a form which guided them in their assessment of the community. A team of youth drove around town and recorded their impressions of the signage, downtown, shopping, industrial areas, housing, health care, schools, child care, recreation and more.

Then they presented the results to the city council. “The kids developed a PowerPoint of things they thought were really good and things that could be improved upon,” Susan said. In April 2019, the youth made their presentation to the Ellis city council.

The presentation highlighted lots of things which the youth appreciated, such as the big painted sunflowers on Main Street, the medical offices, grocery store, walking trails, dock at the campground, the children’s train, and the annual fish fry. “They had some good thoughts,” Susan said. The young people also identified needs and suggested improvements.

Dave McDaniel is the long-time mayor of Ellis. He was impressed with the students who made the presentation. “They did a very good job, and I didn’t want to let these ideas drop,” he said.

“For example, they said that our signs needed to be improved, and we’ve done that with the street signs and museum signs,” Dave said. “They wanted a place for youth to go, and some people who are opening up a downtown restaurant are going to open up the other half of their building for the youth.” There was a need for more trash cans in Memorial Park where students congregate, and that is being addressed also.

“They pointed out there were no bike racks at the swimming pool,” Susan said. Ellis PRIDE applied to Kansas PRIDE Inc., and got a grant to install bike racks at the pool and other parks.

“This (program) is a good way to get the young people involved, and they’re seeing results,” Dave said.

For more information or to participate in the program, go to to the&nbsp;<a href="http://www.ksre.k-state.edu/community/civic-engagement/youth-community-perceptions">Youth Community Perceptions</a>&nbsp;webpage.

It’s time to leave this meeting of the city council, where community perceptions have been presented – not by an outside consultant, but by a team of local youth. We commend Susan Schlichting, Mayor Dave McDaniel, the volunteers of the Ellis PRIDE program, and the youth who are making a difference by engaging with their hometown in this way. It’s a better community when youth and adults can come together in unity.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/4/1585941833893.jpeg" alt="Ellis youth community perceptions team" />
 <figcaption>Ellis youth community perceptions team</figcaption>
 </figure>By Ron Wilson, director of the Huck Boyd National Institute for Rural Development at Kansas State University.Let’s go to a city council meeting. City council members are listening to a presentation about perceptions of their community. Is this presentation being made by an expensive consultant from halfway across the country? No, this presentation is being made by a local group whose average age is 17 – and they might be thinking about their senior prom. This was part of an innovative program called Youth Community Perceptions which is designed to gain input from youth and engage them with their community.Susan Schlichting is a 4-H youth development agent for the K-State Research and Extension Cottonwood District, serving Ellis and Barton Counties. Susan helped pilot this new program called Youth Community Perceptions.The program originated from Kansas PRIDE Program discussions about how to get youth more engaged in their hometowns. The PRIDE Program is celebrating its 50th&nbsp;anniversary in 2020, so this is another in our series of profiles highlighting PRIDE communities.PRIDE program participants have often wanted to involve more youth in their communities. In 2018, the K-State Research and Extension Community Vitality team (of which Kansas PRIDE is a part) engaged in discussions with Kansas 4-H about launching an initiative to help.With grant support from Epsilon Sigma Phi, the extension professional organization, the Youth Community Perceptions program was developed. It was designed as a community evaluation and assessment program that would allow youth to discover the assets and needs of their communities and engage in community conversations.An educational curriculum was created. The Ellis PRIDE program was approached about hosting a pilot test of the program in their community. Extension agent Susan Schlichting made inquiries around town. Ultimately, the Kansas Association for Youth organization at Ellis High School chose to participate.The students learned about the community capitals model. Then they were provided a form which guided them in their assessment of the community. A team of youth drove around town and recorded their impressions of the signage, downtown, shopping, industrial areas, housing, health care, schools, child care, recreation and more.Then they presented the results to the city council. “The kids developed a PowerPoint of things they thought were really good and things that could be improved upon,” Susan said. In April 2019, the youth made their presentation to the Ellis city council.The presentation highlighted lots of things which the youth appreciated, such as the big painted sunflowers on Main Street, the medical offices, grocery store, walking trails, dock at the campground, the children’s train, and the annual fish fry. “They had some good thoughts,” Susan said. The young people also identified needs and suggested improvements.Dave McDaniel is the long-time mayor of Ellis. He was impressed with the students who made the presentation. “They did a very good job, and I didn’t want to let these ideas drop,” he said.“For example, they said that our signs needed to be improved, and we’ve done that with the street signs and museum signs,” Dave said. “They wanted a place for youth to go, and some people who are opening up a downtown restaurant are going to open up the other half of their building for the youth.” There was a need for more trash cans in Memorial Park where students congregate, and that is being addressed also.“They pointed out there were no bike racks at the swimming pool,” Susan said. Ellis PRIDE applied to Kansas PRIDE Inc., and got a grant to install bike racks at the pool and other parks.“This (program) is a good way to get the young people involved, and they’re seeing results,” Dave said.For more information or to participate in the program, go to to the&nbsp;<a href="http://www.ksre.k-state.edu/community/civic-engagement/youth-community-perceptions">Youth Community Perceptions</a>&nbsp;webpage.It’s time to leave this meeting of the city council, where community perceptions have been presented – not by an outside consultant, but by a team of local youth. We commend Susan Schlichting, Mayor Dave McDaniel, the volunteers of the Ellis PRIDE program, and the youth who are making a difference by engaging with their hometown in this way. It’s a better community when youth and adults can come together in unity.

Kansas Profile – Now That’s Rural: Youth Community Perceptions, Ellis

written by: Donna Krug, K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District

Since families are spending more time at home there is a good chance the food bill is on the rise. If you are noticing that many of the items being purchased are being consumed as between-meal-snacks, you will want to keep reading for some healthier, low-cost alternatives.

Whenever I visit with young families about snacking I like to remind them that young children have a smaller stomach than an older child or adult. There is a good reason they are hungry between meals. My advice is that “Snacking is fine – Just make sure it is a healthy snack.”

So what types of food constitute a healthy snack? Basically any fresh fruit or vegetable can provide a wide array of nutrients and an added bonus of fiber to give a feeling of fullness. Fruits and vegetables have been touted as natures fast food, because often times you just have to wash, peel and enjoy! If fresh produce isn’t available, look for frozen fruits and vegetables. Canned items can work too, but be aware they may have added salt and sugar, so look for fruit packed in water or fruit juice.

Grains, especially whole grains, provide energy and fiber for your growing family. Look for cereals where the sugar content is below 7 grams per serving. Avoid choosing cereals that list sugar as the first ingredient. Preparing your own snack mix with a whole grain cereal, nuts, seeds, and dried fruit can be less expensive and a healthier alternative than the highly processed prepared snacks.

A popular snack, Peanut Butter Balls, is easy to make and combines two food groups: grains and protein. If you have someone in your family with a peanut allergy you may substitute sunbutter, which is made from sunflower seeds. The recipe for Peanut Butter Balls follows:

· 1 can (15 ounces) great norther beans, drained and rinsed

· 2 tablespoons liquid sweetener of choice, (honey, maple syrup, brown rice syrup or agave)

· 1 ¼ cups peanut butter or other nut butter

Directions: Wash hands with warm water and soap. Mash the beans with a fork in a bowl until smooth. Add the sweetener and vanilla and stir. Add peanut butter. Stir until blended. Stir in the oatmeal. Shape the mixture into balls. (makes about 50 balls) Store in an airtight container in the refrigerator.

You can use a blender or food processor to mix ingredients before shaping into balls. You can store peanut butter balls in the freezer. Lay them out on a cookie sheet and freeze. Then store in a freezer bag. Thaw for 5 minutes before serving.

Involve your kids in the planning and preparation of their healthy snack. This time spent together will provide some special memories. I have a handout titled, Snack Strategies For Kids, that I am happy to share if you send me an e-mail.

Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141404420.png" alt="Donna Krug" />
 <figcaption>Donna Krug</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Donna Krug, K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood DistrictSince families are spending more time at home there is a good chance the food bill is on the rise. If you are noticing that many of the items being purchased are being consumed as between-meal-snacks, you will want to keep reading for some healthier, low-cost alternatives.Whenever I visit with young families about snacking I like to remind them that young children have a smaller stomach than an older child or adult. There is a good reason they are hungry between meals. My advice is that “Snacking is fine – Just make sure it is a healthy snack.”So what types of food constitute a healthy snack? Basically any fresh fruit or vegetable can provide a wide array of nutrients and an added bonus of fiber to give a feeling of fullness. Fruits and vegetables have been touted as natures fast food, because often times you just have to wash, peel and enjoy! If fresh produce isn’t available, look for frozen fruits and vegetables. Canned items can work too, but be aware they may have added salt and sugar, so look for fruit packed in water or fruit juice.Grains, especially whole grains, provide energy and fiber for your growing family. Look for cereals where the sugar content is below 7 grams per serving. Avoid choosing cereals that list sugar as the first ingredient. Preparing your own snack mix with a whole grain cereal, nuts, seeds, and dried fruit can be less expensive and a healthier alternative than the highly processed prepared snacks.A popular snack, Peanut Butter Balls, is easy to make and combines two food groups: grains and protein. If you have someone in your family with a peanut allergy you may substitute sunbutter, which is made from sunflower seeds. The recipe for Peanut Butter Balls follows:· 1 can (15 ounces) great norther beans, drained and rinsed· 2 tablespoons liquid sweetener of choice, (honey, maple syrup, brown rice syrup or agave)· 1 tablespoon vanilla· 1 ¼ cups peanut butter or other nut butter· 1 ½ cups quick cooking oatsDirections: Wash hands with warm water and soap. Mash the beans with a fork in a bowl until smooth. Add the sweetener and vanilla and stir. Add peanut butter. Stir until blended. Stir in the oatmeal. Shape the mixture into balls. (makes about 50 balls) Store in an airtight container in the refrigerator.You can use a blender or food processor to mix ingredients before shaping into balls. You can store peanut butter balls in the freezer. Lay them out on a cookie sheet and freeze. Then store in a freezer bag. Thaw for 5 minutes before serving.Involve your kids in the planning and preparation of their healthy snack. This time spent together will provide some special memories. I have a handout titled, Snack Strategies For Kids, that I am happy to share if you send me an e-mail.Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider.

KRUG: Healthy snacking ideas

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District.

The physical portion of the Great Bend Farm and Ranch Expo has been canceled because of Covid 19, but that doesn’t mean it’s cancelled entirely! As with many other events and programs, the creators of the Expo have gotten creative and moved the entire Expo online! The vendors will still be on their Facebook page to help and assist you with your farming, ranching, and hemp needs. Along with this, K-State Research and Extension will still have educational programs for you! On April 8th-10th at noon, join us at starexpos.net for a Zoom lunch and Learn with KSRE!

On Wednesday, April 8th, join Romulo Lollato, K-State Research and Extension’s Wheat and Forage Specialist. He will be on the Zoom to discuss his research projects at the Great Bend Coop’s wheat research plot. He will discuss his current research on site that includes: different wheat varieties and how they respond to different management practices, growth regulators, seed treatments, seeding rates, and others. He will also be available to answer any questions that producers have about the 2020 wheat crop.

April 9th at noon will be Hemp research update by Jason Griffin, Professor &amp; Director, John C. Pair Horticultural Center, Kansas State University, Dept. Horticulture &amp; Natural Resources. Jason leads the Hemp research the Kansas State University conducted in 2019 that he will report on as well as give an update on what they will be researching in 2020. He will also be available for questions after his presentation.&nbsp;

On April 12th, Dan O’Brien, K-State Research and Extension Associate Professor in the Agriculture Economics Department will give a grain Marketing update. Dan will give a brief overview of the current grain market report and important information for your marketing decisions. As with the other specialists, he will be available for questions after his presentation.

Whatever your interests are when it comes to farming, there is a subject and specialist that can help you with information. Our specialists are happy to work with technology and new ideas to share the latest information and research to help you be able to succeed at your farm. Join us during the lunch hour at the Great Bend Farm and Ranch show April 8th through the 10th for all of K-State Research and Extension’s programming. For further information, like the Great Bend Farm, Ranch, and Hemp Expo at https://www.facebook.com/GBFarmRanchExpo

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at&nbsp;aboor@ksu.edu&nbsp;or calling 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District.The physical portion of the Great Bend Farm and Ranch Expo has been canceled because of Covid 19, but that doesn’t mean it’s cancelled entirely! As with many other events and programs, the creators of the Expo have gotten creative and moved the entire Expo online! The vendors will still be on their Facebook page to help and assist you with your farming, ranching, and hemp needs. Along with this, K-State Research and Extension will still have educational programs for you! On April 8th-10th at noon, join us at starexpos.net for a Zoom lunch and Learn with KSRE!On Wednesday, April 8th, join Romulo Lollato, K-State Research and Extension’s Wheat and Forage Specialist. He will be on the Zoom to discuss his research projects at the Great Bend Coop’s wheat research plot. He will discuss his current research on site that includes: different wheat varieties and how they respond to different management practices, growth regulators, seed treatments, seeding rates, and others. He will also be available to answer any questions that producers have about the 2020 wheat crop.April 9th at noon will be Hemp research update by Jason Griffin, Professor &amp; Director, John C. Pair Horticultural Center, Kansas State University, Dept. Horticulture &amp; Natural Resources. Jason leads the Hemp research the Kansas State University conducted in 2019 that he will report on as well as give an update on what they will be researching in 2020. He will also be available for questions after his presentation.&nbsp;On April 12th, Dan O’Brien, K-State Research and Extension Associate Professor in the Agriculture Economics Department will give a grain Marketing update. Dan will give a brief overview of the current grain market report and important information for your marketing decisions. As with the other specialists, he will be available for questions after his presentation.Whatever your interests are when it comes to farming, there is a subject and specialist that can help you with information. Our specialists are happy to work with technology and new ideas to share the latest information and research to help you be able to succeed at your farm. Join us during the lunch hour at the Great Bend Farm and Ranch show April 8th through the 10th for all of K-State Research and Extension’s programming. For further information, like the Great Bend Farm, Ranch, and Hemp Expo at https://www.facebook.com/GBFarmRanchExpoAlicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at&nbsp;aboor@ksu.edu&nbsp;or calling 620-793-1910.

BOOR: Great Bend ag expo will proceed online

written by: Michelle Beran -&nbsp;Cottonwood Extension District - Barton

A book by Charles Dickens begins “It was the best of times; it was the worst of times…..”

For the worst of things – it is scary as schedules are topsy-turvy, panic buying continues, employees are laid off, and businesses temporarily closed.

On the other hand, these are times to slow down, plant a garden, get out the sidewalk chalk. One of my favorite notes recently, elaborately drawn in chalk, is “Choose Happy!”. Other good activities include reading with your family and being creative in how you connect with others through social media, phone calls, white board messages, writing a letter!

Your Cottonwood Extension District office is still open! Yes, the doors are closed and we are, generally, working from home but we are working! Working to bring you health and wellness ideas for exercise, mindfulness, and meal planning. Working to provide resources for ag and natural resources – it’s a great time to plan and plant a garden! Working to bring you activities for youth.

Yes, my work looks different right now but it is good work!

It can be hard to fairly address questions and concerns with youth while calming our own hearts and minds. K-State Research and Extension have a number of excellent resources that can guide family conversations especially with youth. Children learn by example. Are you setting an example of kindness and compassion? An example of resiliency, grit, determination? An example of “we’ll get through this together”?

A Fred Rogers quote states, “At many times throughout their lives, children will feel the world has turned topsy-turvy. It’s not the ever-present smile that will help them feel secure. It’s knowing that love can hold many feelings, including sadness, and that they can count on the people they love to be with them until the world turns right side up again.”

Cottonwood Extension District is here to help provide adults and the youth in our world with resources as we get this topsy-turvy world settled down.

Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/12/1575650994387.jpeg" alt="Michelle Beran" />
 <figcaption>Michelle Beran</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Michelle Beran -&nbsp;Cottonwood Extension District - BartonA book by Charles Dickens begins “It was the best of times; it was the worst of times…..”For the worst of things – it is scary as schedules are topsy-turvy, panic buying continues, employees are laid off, and businesses temporarily closed.On the other hand, these are times to slow down, plant a garden, get out the sidewalk chalk. One of my favorite notes recently, elaborately drawn in chalk, is “Choose Happy!”. Other good activities include reading with your family and being creative in how you connect with others through social media, phone calls, white board messages, writing a letter!Your Cottonwood Extension District office is still open! Yes, the doors are closed and we are, generally, working from home but we are working! Working to bring you health and wellness ideas for exercise, mindfulness, and meal planning. Working to provide resources for ag and natural resources – it’s a great time to plan and plant a garden! Working to bring you activities for youth.Yes, my work looks different right now but it is good work!It can be hard to fairly address questions and concerns with youth while calming our own hearts and minds. K-State Research and Extension have a number of excellent resources that can guide family conversations especially with youth. Children learn by example. Are you setting an example of kindness and compassion? An example of resiliency, grit, determination? An example of “we’ll get through this together”?A Fred Rogers quote states, “At many times throughout their lives, children will feel the world has turned topsy-turvy. It’s not the ever-present smile that will help them feel secure. It’s knowing that love can hold many feelings, including sadness, and that they can count on the people they love to be with them until the world turns right side up again.”Cottonwood Extension District is here to help provide adults and the youth in our world with resources as we get this topsy-turvy world settled down.Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call 620-793-1910.

Navigating tough times

written by: Alicia Boor - Agriculture and Natural Resources,Cottonwood Extension District

As with many services, Extension has been given the task to get creative on how we are able to serve. Some programs that have been canceled still need to be taught, but how? 

One of these items is Tractor Safety for children ages 14-16 years old. Even though the face to face classes have had to be canceled, we do have alternative ways to help get the education out there. If your child needs Hazardous Occupation Training to be able to work on a farm other than on an immediate family member, we can help. 

With internet access, we can e-mail you the course materials for home study and then send you the test to take at a later time. After the test is returned and you pass, you will need to have a trusted adult give you training on driving a tractor. At that time, we will be able to certify you to work.

Another service that we provide is Private Pesticide Training for adults. At this time, we are still working with producers on getting you certified. For testing, you will need to call our office at 620-793-1910 to set up a time for testing. If you need a book to be able to study before taking the test, call the office and we can set up a time for you to come get a book to check out or purchase.

The last few weeks have been very stressful, but Extension is here to serve. If you have any questions, or if you need anything, please contact us. We can normally help with most items through phone calls and e-mail. You can contact me by calling 620-793-1910 or emailing me at aboor@ksu.edu

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="Alicia Boor" />
 <figcaption>Alicia Boor</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Alicia Boor - Agriculture and Natural Resources,Cottonwood Extension DistrictAs with many services, Extension has been given the task to get creative on how we are able to serve. Some programs that have been canceled still need to be taught, but how? One of these items is Tractor Safety for children ages 14-16 years old. Even though the face to face classes have had to be canceled, we do have alternative ways to help get the education out there. If your child needs Hazardous Occupation Training to be able to work on a farm other than on an immediate family member, we can help. With internet access, we can e-mail you the course materials for home study and then send you the test to take at a later time. After the test is returned and you pass, you will need to have a trusted adult give you training on driving a tractor. At that time, we will be able to certify you to work.Another service that we provide is Private Pesticide Training for adults. At this time, we are still working with producers on getting you certified. For testing, you will need to call our office at 620-793-1910 to set up a time for testing. If you need a book to be able to study before taking the test, call the office and we can set up a time for you to come get a book to check out or purchase.The last few weeks have been very stressful, but Extension is here to serve. If you have any questions, or if you need anything, please contact us. We can normally help with most items through phone calls and e-mail. You can contact me by calling 620-793-1910 or emailing me at aboor@ksu.edu

Programs that still need to be taught...Extension has some answers

written by:&nbsp;Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District, Hays

Marestail in soybeans: Strategies for the best control

Controlling marestail in soybeans continues to be a big challenge for Kansas no-till producers. Application timing and weed size are critical factors for successful control of this weed that germinates in the fall or early spring. Research has shown that up to 80% of marestail can die over the winter as a result of cold temperatures and/or lack of adequate moisture. In addition, a well-established cover crop in the fall can further reduce marestail establishment and survival and often is quite effective for marestail control. However, the marestail that do survive are often robust and can be difficult to control with herbicides, especially later in the spring. Herbicide options are also limited by widespread resistance to glyphosate and/or ALS-inhibiting (group 2) herbicides in marestail.

In the early spring, using a growth regulator herbicide such as 2,4-D and/or dicamba is an inexpensive and effective option to control rosette marestail. Dicamba has provided better marestail control than 2,4-D and will also provide some residual control, especially at higher use rates. Recent observations suggest marestail in Kansas will bolt in April throughout most of the state, so timing control before the end of March is recommended. Application of dicamba and 2,4-D in March also generally allows adequate time ahead of planting soybeans to meet required pre-plant intervals.

Using herbicides with longer residual helps control weeds that germinate between treatment and soybean planting. Products that include Canopy EX, Autumn Super, Classic, FirstRate, Sharpen, metribuzin, or Valor can help provide residual control against several broadleaf species, including marestail. However, it is very important to consult and follow the herbicide label guidelines for the required pre-plant intervals prior to planting soybeans.

As soybean planting nears, existing marestail plants can become difficult to control because plants will have bolted and be considerably larger. Herbicides to apply as a burndown prior to planting include tank mixes of glyphosate with FirstRate, Classic, Sharpen, Optill, or 2,4-D. Be very careful to follow label directions when using 2,4-D prior to soybean planting. The plant-back restriction ahead of soybean can range from 7-30 days depending on rate and formulation. Sharpen generally provides good marestail control and can be applied any time before soybean emergence. However, it is still most effective if applied before marestail starts to bolt, in a tank-mix with other herbicides, when used with methylated seed oil, and at spray volumes of 15

gallons per acre or more. Elevore is a newer herbicide that has provided similar marestail control to dicamba, but needs to be applied at least 14 days prior to planting.

Pre-plant restrictions for dicamba products such as Clarity, Banvel, and others range from 14 to 30 days depending on product, application rate, rainfall amounts, and geography. However, with the introduction of Roundup Ready 2 Xtend soybeans, the new dicamba products Xtendimax, FeXapan, and Engenia have no pre-plant interval restrictions applied ahead of Xtend soybeans and should be some of the more effective treatments for marestail control in that scenario. Xtendimax, FeXapan, and Engenia are still most effective on marestail prior to bolting.

One additional herbicide to consider as a rescue burndown application to control bolting marestail prior to soybean planting is glufosinate (Liberty and others). Although, it would be better to control marestail at an earlier stage of growth, glufosinate has been one of the most effective herbicides to control bolting marestail. Glufosinate also has broad spectrum non-selective activity on other broadleaf and grass species if treated at a young growth stage. Glufosinate is primarily a contact herbicide, so a spray volume of 15 gallons per acre or greater generally provides the most consistent weed control. Glufosinate tends to work best under higher humidity and warm, sunny conditions at application.

Stacy Campbell is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or calling 785-628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/1/1578070143255.png" alt="Stacy Campbell" />
 <figcaption>Stacy Campbell</figcaption>
 </figure>written by:&nbsp;Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District, HaysMarestail in soybeans: Strategies for the best controlControlling marestail in soybeans continues to be a big challenge for Kansas no-till producers. Application timing and weed size are critical factors for successful control of this weed that germinates in the fall or early spring. Research has shown that up to 80% of marestail can die over the winter as a result of cold temperatures and/or lack of adequate moisture. In addition, a well-established cover crop in the fall can further reduce marestail establishment and survival and often is quite effective for marestail control. However, the marestail that do survive are often robust and can be difficult to control with herbicides, especially later in the spring. Herbicide options are also limited by widespread resistance to glyphosate and/or ALS-inhibiting (group 2) herbicides in marestail.Early spring optionsIn the early spring, using a growth regulator herbicide such as 2,4-D and/or dicamba is an inexpensive and effective option to control rosette marestail. Dicamba has provided better marestail control than 2,4-D and will also provide some residual control, especially at higher use rates. Recent observations suggest marestail in Kansas will bolt in April throughout most of the state, so timing control before the end of March is recommended. Application of dicamba and 2,4-D in March also generally allows adequate time ahead of planting soybeans to meet required pre-plant intervals.Using herbicides with longer residual helps control weeds that germinate between treatment and soybean planting. Products that include Canopy EX, Autumn Super, Classic, FirstRate, Sharpen, metribuzin, or Valor can help provide residual control against several broadleaf species, including marestail. However, it is very important to consult and follow the herbicide label guidelines for the required pre-plant intervals prior to planting soybeans.Pre-plant optionsAs soybean planting nears, existing marestail plants can become difficult to control because plants will have bolted and be considerably larger. Herbicides to apply as a burndown prior to planting include tank mixes of glyphosate with FirstRate, Classic, Sharpen, Optill, or 2,4-D. Be very careful to follow label directions when using 2,4-D prior to soybean planting. The plant-back restriction ahead of soybean can range from 7-30 days depending on rate and formulation. Sharpen generally provides good marestail control and can be applied any time before soybean emergence. However, it is still most effective if applied before marestail starts to bolt, in a tank-mix with other herbicides, when used with methylated seed oil, and at spray volumes of 15gallons per acre or more. Elevore is a newer herbicide that has provided similar marestail control to dicamba, but needs to be applied at least 14 days prior to planting.Pre-plant restrictions for dicamba products such as Clarity, Banvel, and others range from 14 to 30 days depending on product, application rate, rainfall amounts, and geography. However, with the introduction of Roundup Ready 2 Xtend soybeans, the new dicamba products Xtendimax, FeXapan, and Engenia have no pre-plant interval restrictions applied ahead of Xtend soybeans and should be some of the more effective treatments for marestail control in that scenario. Xtendimax, FeXapan, and Engenia are still most effective on marestail prior to bolting.One additional herbicide to consider as a rescue burndown application to control bolting marestail prior to soybean planting is glufosinate (Liberty and others). Although, it would be better to control marestail at an earlier stage of growth, glufosinate has been one of the most effective herbicides to control bolting marestail. Glufosinate also has broad spectrum non-selective activity on other broadleaf and grass species if treated at a young growth stage. Glufosinate is primarily a contact herbicide, so a spray volume of 15 gallons per acre or greater generally provides the most consistent weed control. Glufosinate tends to work best under higher humidity and warm, sunny conditions at application.Stacy Campbell is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or calling 785-628-9430.

Controlling marestail in soybeans

written by: Donna Krug, Cottonwood Extension District Director

Hello from the Cottonwood Extension District! No doubt your life or daily routine has been changed in some way by COVID-19. Whether it is planning for childcare of the very young, keeping school aged students on task in the weeks ahead, or juggling a new work at home schedule, there is much to consider. This is new territory and something I never imagined we would be discussing.

Thankfully K-State Research and Extension is looking at these challenges as opportunities for our statewide network of educators to share unbiased, research-based information and expertise on issues important to Kansans. As in any disaster or emergency, I want to remind you that it is important to get information from official sources. We are adding pertinent information to our Cottonwood web site and our FaceBook page often. The Kansas Department of Health and Environment, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the World Health Organization are all trusted web sites that are being updated often during this uncertain time.

Our offices in Great Bend and Hays remain open but we are asking that you call first to determine if a face-to-face contact is necessary or if we can help you through the use of technology. Our meetings and workshops that were scheduled through May 16th are canceled or being carried out through Zoom technology. Watch our web site as some may be rescheduled.

The great news in all of this is that Walk KS has not been cancelled! Whether you have joined a Walk KS team or not, I would encourage each of you to build time into your schedule for 30 minutes or more of exercise each day. This will be an important strategy to help you maintain fitness and a positive attitude. I’m looking at pushing our celebration of the Walk KS program back a week, to May 19th. I’ll keep you posted.

Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent for K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141417887.jpeg" alt="Donna Krug" />
 <figcaption>Donna Krug</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Donna Krug, Cottonwood Extension District DirectorHello from the Cottonwood Extension District! No doubt your life or daily routine has been changed in some way by COVID-19. Whether it is planning for childcare of the very young, keeping school aged students on task in the weeks ahead, or juggling a new work at home schedule, there is much to consider. This is new territory and something I never imagined we would be discussing.Thankfully K-State Research and Extension is looking at these challenges as opportunities for our statewide network of educators to share unbiased, research-based information and expertise on issues important to Kansans. As in any disaster or emergency, I want to remind you that it is important to get information from official sources. We are adding pertinent information to our Cottonwood web site and our FaceBook page often. The Kansas Department of Health and Environment, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the World Health Organization are all trusted web sites that are being updated often during this uncertain time.Our offices in Great Bend and Hays remain open but we are asking that you call first to determine if a face-to-face contact is necessary or if we can help you through the use of technology. Our meetings and workshops that were scheduled through May 16th are canceled or being carried out through Zoom technology. Watch our web site as some may be rescheduled.The great news in all of this is that Walk KS has not been cancelled! Whether you have joined a Walk KS team or not, I would encourage each of you to build time into your schedule for 30 minutes or more of exercise each day. This will be an important strategy to help you maintain fitness and a positive attitude. I’m looking at pushing our celebration of the Walk KS program back a week, to May 19th. I’ll keep you posted.Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent for K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

Protocol for Cottonwood Extension offices related to COVID-19.   

written by: Michelle Beran,&nbsp;Cottonwood Extension District

For many years, I have surrounded my office with inspirational thoughts and quotes. These help to remind me of my focus, my direction, and my goals. Quite a few have been on my desk prior to my work as a 4-H agent but I find them to be even more applicable as I work with positive youth development!

One of my favorites is “The chief cause of failure and unhappiness is trading what you want most for what you want now.” This quote from Zig Ziglar applies to much of the teaching that happens with 4-H. No one just shows up at the fair with a perfect angel food cake or woodworking project! Many hours of research, learning, and practice go into that entry for the fair and potential for a blue or purple ribbon. In the same manner, the skills that young 4-H members learn in parliamentary procedure or public presentations don’t happen overnight but continued practice and stretching their goals result in youth who are accomplished presenters when they move to the next stage in their life.

Another of my favorites is an anonymous quote titled “The Secret to Happiness”. It states, “Forget. Apologize. Admit errors. Avoid mistakes. Listen to advice. Keep your temper. Shoulder the blame. Make the best of things. Maintain high standards. Think first and act accordingly. Put the needs of others before your own. Forgive.”

I appreciate how all of the others are tucked between Forget and Forgive. Many of these are attributes that we want 4-H members to develop and that all of us can be better at. When we apologize, admit errors, avoid making the same mistakes, and listen to advice we humbly acknowledge our learning process. Keeping our temper and shouldering our share of the blame certainly make for calmer discussion and smoother resolution. The 4-H motto is “to make the best better” and making the best of a situation is certainly a life skill that takes practice and resilience. Maintaining high standards is a very personal characteristic and we should be setting examples everyday for those around us. In 4-H we work on critical thinking and decision-making skills which means thinking first and acting accordingly. Community service, both as a club member and individually, is practiced daily in 4-H and this ties directly into putting the needs of others before our own.

These quotes have different meanings for me than they did eight or nine years ago but inspire me just as much today! Who inspires you? Who can you inspire?

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/12/1575650994387.jpeg" alt="Michelle Beran" />
 <figcaption>Michelle Beran</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Michelle Beran,&nbsp;Cottonwood Extension DistrictFor many years, I have surrounded my office with inspirational thoughts and quotes. These help to remind me of my focus, my direction, and my goals. Quite a few have been on my desk prior to my work as a 4-H agent but I find them to be even more applicable as I work with positive youth development!One of my favorites is “The chief cause of failure and unhappiness is trading what you want most for what you want now.” This quote from Zig Ziglar applies to much of the teaching that happens with 4-H. No one just shows up at the fair with a perfect angel food cake or woodworking project! Many hours of research, learning, and practice go into that entry for the fair and potential for a blue or purple ribbon. In the same manner, the skills that young 4-H members learn in parliamentary procedure or public presentations don’t happen overnight but continued practice and stretching their goals result in youth who are accomplished presenters when they move to the next stage in their life.Another of my favorites is an anonymous quote titled “The Secret to Happiness”. It states, “Forget. Apologize. Admit errors. Avoid mistakes. Listen to advice. Keep your temper. Shoulder the blame. Make the best of things. Maintain high standards. Think first and act accordingly. Put the needs of others before your own. Forgive.”I appreciate how all of the others are tucked between Forget and Forgive. Many of these are attributes that we want 4-H members to develop and that all of us can be better at. When we apologize, admit errors, avoid making the same mistakes, and listen to advice we humbly acknowledge our learning process. Keeping our temper and shouldering our share of the blame certainly make for calmer discussion and smoother resolution. The 4-H motto is “to make the best better” and making the best of a situation is certainly a life skill that takes practice and resilience. Maintaining high standards is a very personal characteristic and we should be setting examples everyday for those around us. In 4-H we work on critical thinking and decision-making skills which means thinking first and acting accordingly. Community service, both as a club member and individually, is practiced daily in 4-H and this ties directly into putting the needs of others before our own.These quotes have different meanings for me than they did eight or nine years ago but inspire me just as much today! Who inspires you? Who can you inspire?Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call 620-793-1910.

Quotes of success

Farmers now have more options for grain storage on farm or at the field edge with grain storage bags. Walnut Creek and Cottonwood Extension District are holding an “On-Farm Grain Storage” program on Wednesday, March 18th, coffee and donuts will be ready at 8:30 a.m. the program starts at 9:00 and concludes at 11:30 a.m. at the Walnut Valley Senior Center, 220 Washington Street in Rush Center. Kansas.

There will be a farmer panel that will discuss some of their experiences thus far with grain storage bags and bins, farm storage facility loan program by FSA, and on-farm storage with grain bins will be discussed by Carlos Campabadal, K-State Instructor with the International Grains Program. He will discuss storage aeration, pest control and best management practices.

All interested people are invited to attend this free program, RSVP is appreciated by Monday, March 16th, call Rush County Extension at 785-222-2710, that’s 222-2710

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574651358684.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>Farmers now have more options for grain storage on farm or at the field edge with grain storage bags. Walnut Creek and Cottonwood Extension District are holding an “On-Farm Grain Storage” program on Wednesday, March 18th, coffee and donuts will be ready at 8:30 a.m. the program starts at 9:00 and concludes at 11:30 a.m. at the Walnut Valley Senior Center, 220 Washington Street in Rush Center. Kansas.There will be a farmer panel that will discuss some of their experiences thus far with grain storage bags and bins, farm storage facility loan program by FSA, and on-farm storage with grain bins will be discussed by Carlos Campabadal, K-State Instructor with the International Grains Program. He will discuss storage aeration, pest control and best management practices.All interested people are invited to attend this free program, RSVP is appreciated by Monday, March 16th, call Rush County Extension at 785-222-2710, that’s 222-2710

On-Farm Grain Storage – Rush Center, March 18

The Great Bend Recreation Commission will be hosting a free Stop ‘N Learn Session titled “Raising Healthy Eaters” on Wednesday, March 11, from 12:00 – 1:00 pm at the Great Bend Rec Activity Center (2715 18th&nbsp;Street).&nbsp; 

Nothing seems more important to a parent than ensuring their children are getting all the adequate nutrition they need.&nbsp; But experts caution parents about making mealtimes stressful.&nbsp; Well-meaning parents can often do more harm than help by forcing their children to eat – even if it’s nutritious foods.&nbsp; So, what are parents to do when their children won’t eat?&nbsp; This presentation will cover guidelines on developing healthy eating habits and will offer tips on managing picky eating phases.&nbsp; 

Donna Krug, Cottonwood Extension District Agent, will be the speaker for the program.

A complete list of programs and class details can be found at the GBRC website at&nbsp;<a href="http://www.greatbendrec.com/" target="_blank">www.greatbendrec.com</a>.&nbsp; Please contact the Recreation Commission office at 793-3755, ext 110, or stop by the office located at 1214 Stone Street for more information or with any questions you may have.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/12/1575906858220.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>The Great Bend Recreation Commission will be hosting a free Stop ‘N Learn Session titled “Raising Healthy Eaters” on Wednesday, March 11, from 12:00 – 1:00 pm at the Great Bend Rec Activity Center (2715 18th&nbsp;Street).&nbsp; Nothing seems more important to a parent than ensuring their children are getting all the adequate nutrition they need.&nbsp; But experts caution parents about making mealtimes stressful.&nbsp; Well-meaning parents can often do more harm than help by forcing their children to eat – even if it’s nutritious foods.&nbsp; So, what are parents to do when their children won’t eat?&nbsp; This presentation will cover guidelines on developing healthy eating habits and will offer tips on managing picky eating phases.&nbsp; Donna Krug, Cottonwood Extension District Agent, will be the speaker for the program.A complete list of programs and class details can be found at the GBRC website at&nbsp;<a href="http://www.greatbendrec.com/" target="_blank">www.greatbendrec.com</a>.&nbsp; Please contact the Recreation Commission office at 793-3755, ext 110, or stop by the office located at 1214 Stone Street for more information or with any questions you may have.

GBRC - Raising healthy eaters

Sunday was the beginning of Daylight Savings time for this year and I help myself remember that by the phrase “Spring Forward”. Spring reminds me of fresh starts and growth. I have been doing some work recently for professional and personal growth and have used a graphic from Mindset Therapy of The Comfort Zone and how that translates to learning and growth.

In the graphic, the Comfort Zone is where we feel safe and in control. As we stretch our boundaries, we enter a Fear Zone and can have a lack of self-confidence and really take other’s criticism to heart. As we continue to push ourselves, we enter the Learning Zone where we can acquire new skills, deal with challenges and problems, and actually extend our comfort zone. The final stage is the Growth Zone where we find purpose, set new goals, and conquer our objectives.

This past year has pushed me out of my own Comfort Zone – learning new names, faces, and processes; learning new curriculum to teach, especially STEM-related, and new tools and techniques.

What does all of this have to do with 4-H Youth Development? I’m so glad you asked!

Youth need learning opportunities that allow them to explore job and career ideas, new skills and interests, and to challenge their thought processes. We want to help them move out of their comfort zone, navigate the fear zone, and successfully leap into learning and growth.

Project work allows a youth to start with the basics of their project whether that is making a no-bake cookie or assembling a rocket from a kit. As their skills and confidence grow, they take on more complicated tasks to have a deeper understanding of their project area such as developing their own nutrition and breeding program for a livestock project. My favorite part of this process is when they find their purpose to share and teach others and explore career options related to that project!

During the fair, many 4-H projects are on display but the community only sees a small portion of the learning and growth that has happened during the year. You may see a kid walking around with a steer on a halter or a piece of art. What you don’t see is the many hours of work, trial and error, and learning that have happened to get them there. I will continue to challenge parents and club leaders just as much as our 4-H members to think of new ways to approach their projects and I’ll continue to ask “What did you learn?”

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/12/1575650994387.jpeg" alt="Michelle Beran" />
 <figcaption>Michelle Beran</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Michelle Beran,&nbsp;Cottonwood Extension DistrictSunday was the beginning of Daylight Savings time for this year and I help myself remember that by the phrase “Spring Forward”. Spring reminds me of fresh starts and growth. I have been doing some work recently for professional and personal growth and have used a graphic from Mindset Therapy of The Comfort Zone and how that translates to learning and growth.In the graphic, the Comfort Zone is where we feel safe and in control. As we stretch our boundaries, we enter a Fear Zone and can have a lack of self-confidence and really take other’s criticism to heart. As we continue to push ourselves, we enter the Learning Zone where we can acquire new skills, deal with challenges and problems, and actually extend our comfort zone. The final stage is the Growth Zone where we find purpose, set new goals, and conquer our objectives.This past year has pushed me out of my own Comfort Zone – learning new names, faces, and processes; learning new curriculum to teach, especially STEM-related, and new tools and techniques.What does all of this have to do with 4-H Youth Development? I’m so glad you asked!Youth need learning opportunities that allow them to explore job and career ideas, new skills and interests, and to challenge their thought processes. We want to help them move out of their comfort zone, navigate the fear zone, and successfully leap into learning and growth.Project work allows a youth to start with the basics of their project whether that is making a no-bake cookie or assembling a rocket from a kit. As their skills and confidence grow, they take on more complicated tasks to have a deeper understanding of their project area such as developing their own nutrition and breeding program for a livestock project. My favorite part of this process is when they find their purpose to share and teach others and explore career options related to that project!During the fair, many 4-H projects are on display but the community only sees a small portion of the learning and growth that has happened during the year. You may see a kid walking around with a steer on a halter or a piece of art. What you don’t see is the many hours of work, trial and error, and learning that have happened to get them there. I will continue to challenge parents and club leaders just as much as our 4-H members to think of new ways to approach their projects and I’ll continue to ask “What did you learn?”Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call 620-793-1910.

Spring Forward!

written by Donna Krug -&nbsp;Cottonwood Extension District

You can’t see it, taste it, or smell it. You don’t even know that it’s there, but it has the potential to do serious harm. Radon! – a radioactive soil gas which moves from the ground under and around a home through cracks and crevices in the foundation to collect inside.

Why all the concern about radon? Radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer in America, after cigarette smoking. Nearly one out of every 4 homes in Kansas may have elevated radon levels, but levels can vary even from home to home in the same neighborhood.

As health concerns about radon increase, the Kansas Radon Program at Kansas State University can help to shed some light on this elusive danger. Brian Hanson, Radon Program Coordinator, will be in Great Bend on Monday, March 9 to present a program about radon. A free four-hour continuing education course for real estate professionals will be held from 1- 5 pm at the Extension Office, 1800 12th Street in Great Bend. To receive credit for the “Radon for Real Estate Professionals” course realtors must provide their Realtor License number.

The only way to know if there is radon in a home is to test. Winter is the best time for testing when homes are closed up from outside air. Radon screening kits can be purchased at the Extension Office for $6.50. The self-mailer kit includes full instructions for completing the test and returning it to a lab for analysis.

Donna Krug is the District Director and Family and Consumer Science Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. She can be reached at 620-793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141417887.jpeg" alt="Donna Krug" />
 <figcaption>Donna Krug</figcaption>
 </figure>written by Donna Krug -&nbsp;Cottonwood Extension DistrictYou can’t see it, taste it, or smell it. You don’t even know that it’s there, but it has the potential to do serious harm. Radon! – a radioactive soil gas which moves from the ground under and around a home through cracks and crevices in the foundation to collect inside.Why all the concern about radon? Radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer in America, after cigarette smoking. Nearly one out of every 4 homes in Kansas may have elevated radon levels, but levels can vary even from home to home in the same neighborhood.As health concerns about radon increase, the Kansas Radon Program at Kansas State University can help to shed some light on this elusive danger. Brian Hanson, Radon Program Coordinator, will be in Great Bend on Monday, March 9 to present a program about radon. A free four-hour continuing education course for real estate professionals will be held from 1- 5 pm at the Extension Office, 1800 12th Street in Great Bend. To receive credit for the “Radon for Real Estate Professionals” course realtors must provide their Realtor License number.The only way to know if there is radon in a home is to test. Winter is the best time for testing when homes are closed up from outside air. Radon screening kits can be purchased at the Extension Office for $6.50. The self-mailer kit includes full instructions for completing the test and returning it to a lab for analysis.Donna Krug is the District Director and Family and Consumer Science Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. She can be reached at 620-793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu.

Radon program to be presented in Great Bend March 9

written by Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District

Planning for the future is vital and families must take steps to ensure assets for the next generation. To support Kansas families through the process, K-State Research and Extension is partnering with the Small Business Development Center at Fort Hays State University to host the program, “Thriving Across Generations: Succession Planning in Rural Kansas” on Wednesday, March 11 from 5:30 to 9 p.m. Registration will begin at 5:00 p.m.

The event will be at the Fort Hays State University Memorial Union, 700 College Drive in Hays.

The featured speaker for this event is Rick Feltenberger, regional director at the FHSU Kansas Small Business Development Center. Rick is a serial entrepreneur, a decorated combat veteran, and former Fortune 500 executive with rich experience and a deep background in starting, funding, buying/selling, exiting, and operating successful businesses.

Participants will also choose one of three breakout sessions. Farm succession planning will be led by Roger McEowen, professor of agricultural law and taxation at Washburn University’s School of Law. McEowen conducts approximately 80-100 seminars annually across the United States for farmers, agricultural business professionals, lawyers and other tax professionals. He will provide a road map for successfully navigating the roadblocks to creating a plan for the future continuity of family farming or ranching business. Tom Byler with Emporia State University and Washburn SBDCs will discuss Small Business Succession. Tom is a member of the Kansas SBDC Succession Planning Team, and holds Certified Exit Planning Advisor certification. His presentation provides an overview of the Succession Planning process for small businesses. FHSU’s Tony Gabel is the Associate Professor of Business Law at FHSU (focus in Estate Planning and Transactional Law). He will speak about estate plans for families and review his checklist of everything you will need to start the estate planning process. The dinner guest speaker will be Kaley Conner who is the Coordinator of Marketing, Prevention, Education and Outreach of High Plains Mental Health. Kaley is passionate about reducing the stigma around mental illness. Her presentation will discuss stress management and self-care strategies to nurture mental health and prevent burnout.

The early registration of $20 per person includes a meal and an estate planning notebook. Register at www.northwest.ksu.edu or mail a check made payable to KSU, NW Area Office, Care of: Sara Juenemann, PO Box 786, Colby, KS. 67701, early registration is due by March 9.

Registrations after March 9th and at the door will be $30, with no guarantee of a meal and materials.

For questions, call the K-State Research and Extension Cottonwood District office in Hays at 785-628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/1/1578070143255.png" alt="Stacy Campbell" />
 <figcaption>Stacy Campbell</figcaption>
 </figure>written by Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension DistrictPlanning for the future is vital and families must take steps to ensure assets for the next generation. To support Kansas families through the process, K-State Research and Extension is partnering with the Small Business Development Center at Fort Hays State University to host the program, “Thriving Across Generations: Succession Planning in Rural Kansas” on Wednesday, March 11 from 5:30 to 9 p.m. Registration will begin at 5:00 p.m.The event will be at the Fort Hays State University Memorial Union, 700 College Drive in Hays.The featured speaker for this event is Rick Feltenberger, regional director at the FHSU Kansas Small Business Development Center. Rick is a serial entrepreneur, a decorated combat veteran, and former Fortune 500 executive with rich experience and a deep background in starting, funding, buying/selling, exiting, and operating successful businesses.Participants will also choose one of three breakout sessions. Farm succession planning will be led by Roger McEowen, professor of agricultural law and taxation at Washburn University’s School of Law. McEowen conducts approximately 80-100 seminars annually across the United States for farmers, agricultural business professionals, lawyers and other tax professionals. He will provide a road map for successfully navigating the roadblocks to creating a plan for the future continuity of family farming or ranching business. Tom Byler with Emporia State University and Washburn SBDCs will discuss Small Business Succession. Tom is a member of the Kansas SBDC Succession Planning Team, and holds Certified Exit Planning Advisor certification. His presentation provides an overview of the Succession Planning process for small businesses. FHSU’s Tony Gabel is the Associate Professor of Business Law at FHSU (focus in Estate Planning and Transactional Law). He will speak about estate plans for families and review his checklist of everything you will need to start the estate planning process. The dinner guest speaker will be Kaley Conner who is the Coordinator of Marketing, Prevention, Education and Outreach of High Plains Mental Health. Kaley is passionate about reducing the stigma around mental illness. Her presentation will discuss stress management and self-care strategies to nurture mental health and prevent burnout.The early registration of $20 per person includes a meal and an estate planning notebook. Register at www.northwest.ksu.edu or mail a check made payable to KSU, NW Area Office, Care of: Sara Juenemann, PO Box 786, Colby, KS. 67701, early registration is due by March 9.Registrations after March 9th and at the door will be $30, with no guarantee of a meal and materials.For questions, call the K-State Research and Extension Cottonwood District office in Hays at 785-628-9430.Stacy Campbell is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or calling 785-628-9430.

K-State, Fort Hays State to host March 11 event

written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension Office

Our office is buzzing with people who are pulling their Walk KS teams together and that is great news. This signature program of K-State Research &amp; Extension is set to begin March 15th and runs through May 9th. Registration for this program that emphasizes healthy living can be completed on-line. For a $10 registration fee, participants will receive timely newsletters and other program materials, incentives and a celebration luncheon set for Tuesday, May 12th in Great Bend. An optional t-shirt may be ordered for an additional charge.

With the Walk KS program kicking off in a couple of weeks, it is the perfect time to remind you to find a physical activity you enjoy and then make time in your schedule to do it! For me, that means getting back on the bike. Even a few days off from the routine of bike commuting to and from work makes me feel sluggish. The forty-eight minutes of riding to and from my office in the morning at lunch time and at the end of the day is broken into twelve-minute increments so that it hardly feels like exercise but it is.

So now is the time to visit with friends, family or co-workers and form your team of six. Select a fun name that describes your team and when March 15th rolls around start logging minutes exercised. Each team will choose a challenge to work toward depending on the goals of the team. Besides reporting minutes exercised each week, participants have an opportunity to log the number of cups of fruits and vegetables they eat each week.

People are always anxious to learn what colors the t-shirts are. This years’ t-shirt colors are a pretty sea green and charcoal gray. Both are attractive with the Walk KS logo complete with sunflower and purple lettering.

A Walk Kansas Celebration complete with a free lunch for Walk Kansas team members is set for Tuesday, May 12th, at the Great Bend Activity Center. I’ll have more information about this fun and educational event as the date draws near. You can go to www.walkkansasonline.org and follow the steps to sign up for Walk KS. Call or stop by our office if you have questions. So now, let’s hope for some warmer weather so we can get back into the swing of things with Walk KS!

Donna Krug is the Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574802720194.jpeg" alt="Donna Krug" />
 <figcaption>Donna Krug</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension OfficeOur office is buzzing with people who are pulling their Walk KS teams together and that is great news. This signature program of K-State Research &amp; Extension is set to begin March 15th and runs through May 9th. Registration for this program that emphasizes healthy living can be completed on-line. For a $10 registration fee, participants will receive timely newsletters and other program materials, incentives and a celebration luncheon set for Tuesday, May 12th in Great Bend. An optional t-shirt may be ordered for an additional charge.With the Walk KS program kicking off in a couple of weeks, it is the perfect time to remind you to find a physical activity you enjoy and then make time in your schedule to do it! For me, that means getting back on the bike. Even a few days off from the routine of bike commuting to and from work makes me feel sluggish. The forty-eight minutes of riding to and from my office in the morning at lunch time and at the end of the day is broken into twelve-minute increments so that it hardly feels like exercise but it is.So now is the time to visit with friends, family or co-workers and form your team of six. Select a fun name that describes your team and when March 15th rolls around start logging minutes exercised. Each team will choose a challenge to work toward depending on the goals of the team. Besides reporting minutes exercised each week, participants have an opportunity to log the number of cups of fruits and vegetables they eat each week.People are always anxious to learn what colors the t-shirts are. This years’ t-shirt colors are a pretty sea green and charcoal gray. Both are attractive with the Walk KS logo complete with sunflower and purple lettering.A Walk Kansas Celebration complete with a free lunch for Walk Kansas team members is set for Tuesday, May 12th, at the Great Bend Activity Center. I’ll have more information about this fun and educational event as the date draws near. You can go to www.walkkansasonline.org and follow the steps to sign up for Walk KS. Call or stop by our office if you have questions. So now, let’s hope for some warmer weather so we can get back into the swing of things with Walk KS!Donna Krug is the Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu.

Walk KS registration is in full swing

written by Michelle Beran, Cottonwood Extension District

On Sunday, February 23, the halls of Ellinwood High School turned a bit green as fifty-seven 4-H entries were presented for 4-H Club Day!

Communication skills are necessary for everyone in every job. Our littlest 4-H members start out by presenting “Show and Share” with the goal of being able to look the judge in the eye and talk.

As they get a little older, they have the opportunity to develop and present Demonstrations which show how to do something or Illustrated Talks which tells how something is done. These involve preparing materials and an outline and visual aids. As timed events, it is also important to learn to manage your time well.

Older 4-H members expand their presentation skills by adding public speaking and extemporaneous speaking to the demonstrations and illustrated talk options. Public speaking is excellent practice for a lifetime of presentations whether that is used at work, on a board, or with a civic organization. Extemporaneous speaking is probably one of the toughest categories! Participants have ten minutes to draw from a selection of topics, prepare their thoughts, and record their main points on a single notecard. It challenges youth to quickly organize their thoughts and confidently present their topic.

In addition to speaking opportunities, many clubs will work together to present a club skit. Teamwork, organization, and planning are all important skills as the club coordinates to showcase their members in a fun and inventive way.

One of the most challenging club events is the model meeting. 4-H Clubs learn and practice parliamentary procedure at each meeting and the model meeting event gives them a place to show what they know! They must provide an agenda to the judge prior to the meeting and secretary minutes immediately following. There are requirements as to the number of motions that must be included. This is a great life skill for anyone who will sit on a board or committee!

Also included in 4-H Club Day is the opportunity for 4-H members to present music, dance, and talent numbers.

In all cases, these are preformed before a judge who will provide feedback in addition to a ribbon placing. This consultative judging is a regular part of 4-H learning.

Cottonwood-Barton 4-H participates in a regional contest so qualifiers from most areas are eligible to present at the next level with the best of five other counties. Regional Club Day will occur on March 13 in Great Bend.

Those who receive top placings at County 4-H Club Day also have the opportunity to present their Demonstration or Illustrated Talk at the Kansas State Fair. If you ever walk through the 4-H Centennial Hall building at State Fair, you may have seen youth from across the state presenting on one of two stages.

Practicing the life skills of communication, organization, and planning are really the WHY behind 4-H Day! Poise, confidence, and self-assurance grow every time a presentation is given. Be on the lookout for these young leaders and their growing communication skills!

K-State Research and Extension is committed to making its services, activities and programs accessible to all participants. Reasonable accommodations for persons with disabilities may be requested by contacting Michelle Beran at 620-793-1910 or mberan@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/12/1575650994387.jpeg" alt="Michelle Beran" />
 <figcaption>Michelle Beran</figcaption>
 </figure>written by Michelle Beran, Cottonwood Extension DistrictOn Sunday, February 23, the halls of Ellinwood High School turned a bit green as fifty-seven 4-H entries were presented for 4-H Club Day!Communication skills are necessary for everyone in every job. Our littlest 4-H members start out by presenting “Show and Share” with the goal of being able to look the judge in the eye and talk.As they get a little older, they have the opportunity to develop and present Demonstrations which show how to do something or Illustrated Talks which tells how something is done. These involve preparing materials and an outline and visual aids. As timed events, it is also important to learn to manage your time well.Older 4-H members expand their presentation skills by adding public speaking and extemporaneous speaking to the demonstrations and illustrated talk options. Public speaking is excellent practice for a lifetime of presentations whether that is used at work, on a board, or with a civic organization. Extemporaneous speaking is probably one of the toughest categories! Participants have ten minutes to draw from a selection of topics, prepare their thoughts, and record their main points on a single notecard. It challenges youth to quickly organize their thoughts and confidently present their topic.In addition to speaking opportunities, many clubs will work together to present a club skit. Teamwork, organization, and planning are all important skills as the club coordinates to showcase their members in a fun and inventive way.One of the most challenging club events is the model meeting. 4-H Clubs learn and practice parliamentary procedure at each meeting and the model meeting event gives them a place to show what they know! They must provide an agenda to the judge prior to the meeting and secretary minutes immediately following. There are requirements as to the number of motions that must be included. This is a great life skill for anyone who will sit on a board or committee!Also included in 4-H Club Day is the opportunity for 4-H members to present music, dance, and talent numbers.In all cases, these are preformed before a judge who will provide feedback in addition to a ribbon placing. This consultative judging is a regular part of 4-H learning.Cottonwood-Barton 4-H participates in a regional contest so qualifiers from most areas are eligible to present at the next level with the best of five other counties. Regional Club Day will occur on March 13 in Great Bend.Those who receive top placings at County 4-H Club Day also have the opportunity to present their Demonstration or Illustrated Talk at the Kansas State Fair. If you ever walk through the 4-H Centennial Hall building at State Fair, you may have seen youth from across the state presenting on one of two stages.Practicing the life skills of communication, organization, and planning are really the WHY behind 4-H Day! Poise, confidence, and self-assurance grow every time a presentation is given. Be on the lookout for these young leaders and their growing communication skills!K-State Research and Extension is committed to making its services, activities and programs accessible to all participants. Reasonable accommodations for persons with disabilities may be requested by contacting Michelle Beran at 620-793-1910 or mberan@ksu.edu.

Speeches, demonstrations and skits – oh my!

The Great Bend Recreation Commission will be hosting a free Stop ‘N Learn Session titled “The Power Of Nine – Taking a Look at Blue Zones” on Wednesday, February 19th, from 12:00 – 1:00 pm at the Great Bend Rec Activity Center (2715 18th&nbsp;Street).&nbsp;

The Blue Zones are places around the world where a large percentage of people live well into their 90’s and even 100.&nbsp; This educational program will focus on 9 lifestyle choices that the residents in the Blue Zones have found will help them achieve health aging.&nbsp; Since this will be the theme for the 2020 Walk KS program, speaker Donna Krug, Cottonwood Extension District Agent, will be promoting sign up for Walk KS at this program.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/12/1575906858220.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>The Great Bend Recreation Commission will be hosting a free Stop ‘N Learn Session titled “The Power Of Nine – Taking a Look at Blue Zones” on Wednesday, February 19th, from 12:00 – 1:00 pm at the Great Bend Rec Activity Center (2715 18th&nbsp;Street).&nbsp;The Blue Zones are places around the world where a large percentage of people live well into their 90’s and even 100.&nbsp; This educational program will focus on 9 lifestyle choices that the residents in the Blue Zones have found will help them achieve health aging.&nbsp; Since this will be the theme for the 2020 Walk KS program, speaker Donna Krug, Cottonwood Extension District Agent, will be promoting sign up for Walk KS at this program.A complete list of programs and class details can be found at the GBRC website at&nbsp;<a href="http://www.greatbendrec.com/" target="_blank">www.greatbendrec.com</a>.&nbsp; Please contact the Recreation Commission office at 793-3755, ext 110, or stop by the office located at 1214 Stone Street for more information or with any questions you may have.

The Power Of Nine – taking a look at Blue Zones

The Great Bend Recreation Commission has some great programs for your child when school is out.  The Great Bend Rec is offering a Half Day of Winter Crafts class on Thursday, February 20th.  This program is open to children ages 6 – 12 and will be held from Noon to 5:00 pm at the Great Bend Rec Activity Center (2715 18th Street).  This day will start off with a pizza party followed by an afternoon of crafts, making some yummy snacks and other organized activities.  The entry fee is $12.00. 

Then on Friday, February 21st, make plans to join us for Exploring the Trails and Winter Science Kids Day Out.  The morning will be spent at the Activity Center playing some organized activities and doing some crafts.  In the afternoon, we’ll be bused out to the KWEC.  Staff from the KWEC will have some fizzy and bubbly winter science experiments waiting for us.  We’ll also construct greeting cards and design them with an LED to make them light up.  If weather permits, we’ll hit the nature trail in search of birds in a bingo game.  Please have your child dress properly for being outside since they may get dirty and muddy.  Students will be bused to and from the KWEC by USD 428, so make sure you fill out a transportation request when you register your child.  Students will be making their own ham and cheese sandwiches for lunch.  Fruit, pickles, chips and beverages will also be provided.  Snacks and beverages will be provided.  This program is open to children ages 6 – 12 and will be held from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm.  Drop off and pick up your children at the Great Bend Rec Activity Center (2715 18th Street).  The entry fee for this activity is $15.00. 

On Monday, February 24th, the Rec along with the Cottonwood Extension District Office will be hosting a Babysitting 101 class.  This course gives participants the knowledge, skills and confidence to care for toddlers through school aged children.  Topics include safety issues, preventing injuries and illness, basic childcare and age appropriate activities to do with children.  Each student will also learn how to make a snack for kids.  Participant must be 11 by the class date.  This class will be held from 1:00 to 5:00 pm at the Cottonwood Extension District Office (1800 12th Street).  The entry fee is $10.00.  Michelle Beran, Cottonwood Extension District 4-H &amp; Youth Development Agent, Donna Krug, Cottonwood Extension District Agent and GB Rec Staff will be the instructors for the course.     

Space is limited and pre-registration is required for these classes by February 18th.  A complete list of programs and class details can be found at the GBRC website at www.greatbendrec.com.  Online enrollment is now available on the website.  Please contact the Recreation Commission office at 793-3755, ext 110, or stop by the office located at 1214 Stone Street for more information, to register or with any questions you may have.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/2/1581542661063.jpeg" alt="Great Bend Rec School's Out Activities" />
 <figcaption>Great Bend Rec School's Out Activities</figcaption>
 </figure>The Great Bend Recreation Commission has some great programs for your child when school is out. The Great Bend Rec is offering a Half Day of Winter Crafts class on Thursday, February 20th. This program is open to children ages 6 – 12 and will be held from Noon to 5:00 pm at the Great Bend Rec Activity Center (2715 18th Street). This day will start off with a pizza party followed by an afternoon of crafts, making some yummy snacks and other organized activities. The entry fee is $12.00. Then on Friday, February 21st, make plans to join us for Exploring the Trails and Winter Science Kids Day Out. The morning will be spent at the Activity Center playing some organized activities and doing some crafts. In the afternoon, we’ll be bused out to the KWEC. Staff from the KWEC will have some fizzy and bubbly winter science experiments waiting for us. We’ll also construct greeting cards and design them with an LED to make them light up. If weather permits, we’ll hit the nature trail in search of birds in a bingo game. Please have your child dress properly for being outside since they may get dirty and muddy. Students will be bused to and from the KWEC by USD 428, so make sure you fill out a transportation request when you register your child. Students will be making their own ham and cheese sandwiches for lunch. Fruit, pickles, chips and beverages will also be provided. Snacks and beverages will be provided. This program is open to children ages 6 – 12 and will be held from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm. Drop off and pick up your children at the Great Bend Rec Activity Center (2715 18th Street). The entry fee for this activity is $15.00. On Monday, February 24th, the Rec along with the Cottonwood Extension District Office will be hosting a Babysitting 101 class. This course gives participants the knowledge, skills and confidence to care for toddlers through school aged children. Topics include safety issues, preventing injuries and illness, basic childcare and age appropriate activities to do with children. Each student will also learn how to make a snack for kids. Participant must be 11 by the class date. This class will be held from 1:00 to 5:00 pm at the Cottonwood Extension District Office (1800 12th Street). The entry fee is $10.00. Michelle Beran, Cottonwood Extension District 4-H &amp; Youth Development Agent, Donna Krug, Cottonwood Extension District Agent and GB Rec Staff will be the instructors for the course. Space is limited and pre-registration is required for these classes by February 18th. A complete list of programs and class details can be found at the GBRC website at www.greatbendrec.com. Online enrollment is now available on the website. Please contact the Recreation Commission office at 793-3755, ext 110, or stop by the office located at 1214 Stone Street for more information, to register or with any questions you may have.

Schools Out in February Rec Activities

written by: Michelle Beran, Cottonwood Extension District

Have you ever felt like you don’t fit in? I sure have and that insecurity still creeps up on me when I least expect it.

I follow a great podcast called “The Squad Life” which is hosted by a young entrepreneur who is full of energy, enthusiasm, focus, and drive! She hosts a diverse group of guests and addresses some very direct topics. Last week, she shared a quote by Glennon Doyle that really hit me!

It says “Horseshoes are better than circles. Leave space. Always leave space. Horseshoes of friends are greater than circles of friends. Life can be lonely. Stand in horseshoes.”

One of the elements of 4-H is belonging and it is a crucial part of positive youth development! It can happen in the club setting or a project meeting or at a regional activity but finding a group of people who get you just as you are and want the very best for you is an incredible experience. In addition, we teach 4-H members about looking for ways to include others as part of Leadership and Citizenship skills. Having somewhere to practice skills (and look a little silly sometimes) and having someone who supports you becoming your best YOU are such an important part of positive youth development.

On the other side, have you been on the outside of a group that all knows one another, shares experiences and inside jokes? That can be a tough circle to step into. We huddle in sports because we don’t want the other team to know our plan but do we huddle in life? I see it happen often and it doesn’t feel welcoming.

I love the metaphor of a horseshoe instead! Leave an open space and welcome someone new into your group. Will it change your group dynamic? Possibly and just maybe for the better! Opening our minds and our group to someone new can challenge our way of thinking and our experiences. It prepares young people for civil discourse and to take the next steps they need to be successful in the world. This doesn’t mean that you leave your values or identity behind; maturity is acknowledging that others are different from you and sometimes we “agree to disagree” and can still be friends.

Be conscious in social or school/work settings of opening the circle into a horseshoe and inviting someone new to be a part of the group. Watch for the horseshoes around you and take that brave leap to meet new friends or deepen friendships.

I have a great circle of friends…..wait, make that a horseshoe! Remember “Life can be lonely; Stand in Horseshoes!”

K-State Research and Extension is committed to making its services, activities and programs accessible to all participants. Reasonable accommodations for persons with disabilities may be requested by contacting Michelle Beran at 620-793-1910 or mberan@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/12/1575650994387.jpeg" alt="Michelle Beran" />
 <figcaption>Michelle Beran</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Michelle Beran, Cottonwood Extension DistrictHave you ever felt like you don’t fit in? I sure have and that insecurity still creeps up on me when I least expect it.I follow a great podcast called “The Squad Life” which is hosted by a young entrepreneur who is full of energy, enthusiasm, focus, and drive! She hosts a diverse group of guests and addresses some very direct topics. Last week, she shared a quote by Glennon Doyle that really hit me!It says “Horseshoes are better than circles. Leave space. Always leave space. Horseshoes of friends are greater than circles of friends. Life can be lonely. Stand in horseshoes.”One of the elements of 4-H is belonging and it is a crucial part of positive youth development! It can happen in the club setting or a project meeting or at a regional activity but finding a group of people who get you just as you are and want the very best for you is an incredible experience. In addition, we teach 4-H members about looking for ways to include others as part of Leadership and Citizenship skills. Having somewhere to practice skills (and look a little silly sometimes) and having someone who supports you becoming your best YOU are such an important part of positive youth development.On the other side, have you been on the outside of a group that all knows one another, shares experiences and inside jokes? That can be a tough circle to step into. We huddle in sports because we don’t want the other team to know our plan but do we huddle in life? I see it happen often and it doesn’t feel welcoming.I love the metaphor of a horseshoe instead! Leave an open space and welcome someone new into your group. Will it change your group dynamic? Possibly and just maybe for the better! Opening our minds and our group to someone new can challenge our way of thinking and our experiences. It prepares young people for civil discourse and to take the next steps they need to be successful in the world. This doesn’t mean that you leave your values or identity behind; maturity is acknowledging that others are different from you and sometimes we “agree to disagree” and can still be friends.Be conscious in social or school/work settings of opening the circle into a horseshoe and inviting someone new to be a part of the group. Watch for the horseshoes around you and take that brave leap to meet new friends or deepen friendships.I have a great circle of friends…..wait, make that a horseshoe! Remember “Life can be lonely; Stand in Horseshoes!”K-State Research and Extension is committed to making its services, activities and programs accessible to all participants. Reasonable accommodations for persons with disabilities may be requested by contacting Michelle Beran at 620-793-1910 or mberan@ksu.edu.

Horseshoes or circles?

written by: Stacy Campbell, Cottonwood Extension District

Kochia, also known as fireweed or tumbleweed, is native to Europe and Asia and was introduced from Europe as an ornamental in the mid- to late- 1800s. It is well adapted to the Great Plains. Kochia is related to common lambsquarters and Russian thistle and is similar to them in some ways.

Kochia has alternate, lance-shaped leaves with 3-5 prominent veins and hairs on the margins and lower surface. Small green flowers are formed at the base of leaves in late summer and early fall. Kochia is a round or pyramid-shaped plant with many branches that can grow up to 6 feet tall.

In Kansas, kochia generally emerges in March, but can emerge as early as late January. Kochia can produce more than 50,000 seeds per plant, which are spread when the matured plant breaks off at the soil surface and tumbles in the wind. Kochia seeds are viable in the soil seedbank for only 1 to 2 years.

Kochia can be grazed when it is young and is credited with helping ranchers survive droughts of the early 20th century. However, it can accumulate harmful levels of nitrates and has been linked to photosensitivity in livestock.

If uncontrolled, kochia can reduce soybean yield by 30%, corn and sorghum yield by about 40%, and wheat yield by 58%. Kochia populations in Kansas have confirmed resistance to: chlorsulforon (Group 2, dicamba and fluroxypyr (Group 4, atrazine (Group 5, and glyphosate (Group 9).

Resistance to key post-emergence herbicides coupled with early emergence makes herbicide timing critical for kochia management. Pre-emergence herbicides are highly recommended for more effective control of kochia vs. post emerge applications only. Even with an effective pre-emerge application a post application may have to follow on any of the remaining small kochia weeds. Pre-emerge applications should be applied in fall or very early spring.&nbsp;

For those wanting more information on weed control we will be offering an “Integrated Weed Control Management of Herbicide Resistant Weeds” program on Wednesday, February 19th at American Ag Credit, Great Bend. Registration will begin at 8:30 a.m. the program starts at 9 and concludes at 11:30 a.m. followed by a complimentary lunch. RSVP for the meal count by Monday, Feb. 17th by calling Cottonwood Extension District Office in Great Bend at 620-793-1910. Topics of discussion will be – the role of integrated weed management in combating difficult weeds, managing multiple herbicide-resistant palmer amaranth weeds in central KS., update on herbicides and herbicide tolerant traits for 2020, and as always there will be time for Q &amp; A.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/1/1578070143255.png" alt="Stacy Campbell" />
 <figcaption>Stacy Campbell</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Stacy Campbell, Cottonwood Extension DistrictKochia, also known as fireweed or tumbleweed, is native to Europe and Asia and was introduced from Europe as an ornamental in the mid- to late- 1800s. It is well adapted to the Great Plains. Kochia is related to common lambsquarters and Russian thistle and is similar to them in some ways.Kochia has alternate, lance-shaped leaves with 3-5 prominent veins and hairs on the margins and lower surface. Small green flowers are formed at the base of leaves in late summer and early fall. Kochia is a round or pyramid-shaped plant with many branches that can grow up to 6 feet tall.In Kansas, kochia generally emerges in March, but can emerge as early as late January. Kochia can produce more than 50,000 seeds per plant, which are spread when the matured plant breaks off at the soil surface and tumbles in the wind. Kochia seeds are viable in the soil seedbank for only 1 to 2 years.Kochia can be grazed when it is young and is credited with helping ranchers survive droughts of the early 20th century. However, it can accumulate harmful levels of nitrates and has been linked to photosensitivity in livestock.ManagementIf uncontrolled, kochia can reduce soybean yield by 30%, corn and sorghum yield by about 40%, and wheat yield by 58%. Kochia populations in Kansas have confirmed resistance to: chlorsulforon (Group 2, dicamba and fluroxypyr (Group 4, atrazine (Group 5, and glyphosate (Group 9).Resistance to key post-emergence herbicides coupled with early emergence makes herbicide timing critical for kochia management. Pre-emergence herbicides are highly recommended for more effective control of kochia vs. post emerge applications only. Even with an effective pre-emerge application a post application may have to follow on any of the remaining small kochia weeds. Pre-emerge applications should be applied in fall or very early spring.&nbsp;For those wanting more information on weed control we will be offering an “Integrated Weed Control Management of Herbicide Resistant Weeds” program on Wednesday, February 19th at American Ag Credit, Great Bend. Registration will begin at 8:30 a.m. the program starts at 9 and concludes at 11:30 a.m. followed by a complimentary lunch. RSVP for the meal count by Monday, Feb. 17th by calling Cottonwood Extension District Office in Great Bend at 620-793-1910. Topics of discussion will be – the role of integrated weed management in combating difficult weeds, managing multiple herbicide-resistant palmer amaranth weeds in central KS., update on herbicides and herbicide tolerant traits for 2020, and as always there will be time for Q &amp; A.Stacy Campbell is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or calling 785-628-9430.

Kochia, aka fireweed, tumbleweed

written by: Donna Krug, Cottonwood Extension District

The past couple of weeks have created a new normal at my house. Early on the morning of Jan. 14, my husband, John, was riding his bike to the prayer breakfast at our church. The streets were not slick but as he approached the church and hopped up on the sidewalk his bike hit black ice and he landed hard on his left side. He realized immediately that he was not able to pull himself up or crawl to a door, so he started shaking a sign to try to get someones’ attention. Finally, nearly 40 minutes after he had left home, a good Samaritan, Jake and his wife, came to John’s rescue. They called 911, covered him with a blanket and gave me a call.

An ambulance ride to the hospital and X-rays taken in the ER confirmed what John already knew; he had fractured his left hip. Surgery was set for that evening and thankfully everything went well. I had around 48 hours to round up the items that we would need to make our house somewhat handicap accessible before bringing John home. We are not big fans of recliners; after all, we would rather be out riding on the back of our tandem bike. But for the next few weeks John is resting pretty well in his new lift chair. Other items that make our bathroom handicap accessible include a transfer bench for the shower and handrails added to the stool. A wheel chair and ramp will also make visits to the Dr. possible.

A few years ago, Extension specialists wrote a fact sheet titled, Fashion an Easier Lifestyle with Assistive Technology. Whether you are dealing with a sudden and temporary need for assistive devices or a chronic condition which contributes to a disability, assistive technology may help you with your daily activities. Assistive technology can help a person be more independent and able to live in their home safely. It can also make caregiving tasks easier.

Another fact sheet titled, Age Sense: The Caregiving Journey, really spoke to me as our normal routine has been turned upside down. While nearly everyone will find themselves in a caregiving role during their lifetime, it can be a stressful experience. I am so fortunate that John has a positive attitude. One of the first nights that I moved from sleeping on the sofa to the bed, we decided John would call me on his cell phone if he needed anything. In the middle of the night I heard John yelling for me and jumped up and asked him why he didn’t use the phone. Well, he had dropped it into the mechanism of the lift chair. A few minutes later, I was able to retrieve it and we just decided to laugh about the experience. After sharing the experience with a class I was teaching the next day, a friend brought me a cow bell for John to use to get my attention!

We are so fortunate to live in a community with an excellent health care facility. Our family and friends have provided just what we needed when we needed it during the time since the accident. Now, we just need to focus on the positive during the coming weeks, so that healing can continue.

While your life as you know it may change in an instant, your positive attitude will help you through the crises. Feel free to give me a call if you would like a copy of either of the fact sheets I mentioned above. I am happy to share!

Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141417887.jpeg" alt="Donna Krug" />
 <figcaption>Donna Krug</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Donna Krug, Cottonwood Extension DistrictThe past couple of weeks have created a new normal at my house. Early on the morning of Jan. 14, my husband, John, was riding his bike to the prayer breakfast at our church. The streets were not slick but as he approached the church and hopped up on the sidewalk his bike hit black ice and he landed hard on his left side. He realized immediately that he was not able to pull himself up or crawl to a door, so he started shaking a sign to try to get someones’ attention. Finally, nearly 40 minutes after he had left home, a good Samaritan, Jake and his wife, came to John’s rescue. They called 911, covered him with a blanket and gave me a call.An ambulance ride to the hospital and X-rays taken in the ER confirmed what John already knew; he had fractured his left hip. Surgery was set for that evening and thankfully everything went well. I had around 48 hours to round up the items that we would need to make our house somewhat handicap accessible before bringing John home. We are not big fans of recliners; after all, we would rather be out riding on the back of our tandem bike. But for the next few weeks John is resting pretty well in his new lift chair. Other items that make our bathroom handicap accessible include a transfer bench for the shower and handrails added to the stool. A wheel chair and ramp will also make visits to the Dr. possible.A few years ago, Extension specialists wrote a fact sheet titled, Fashion an Easier Lifestyle with Assistive Technology. Whether you are dealing with a sudden and temporary need for assistive devices or a chronic condition which contributes to a disability, assistive technology may help you with your daily activities. Assistive technology can help a person be more independent and able to live in their home safely. It can also make caregiving tasks easier.Another fact sheet titled, Age Sense: The Caregiving Journey, really spoke to me as our normal routine has been turned upside down. While nearly everyone will find themselves in a caregiving role during their lifetime, it can be a stressful experience. I am so fortunate that John has a positive attitude. One of the first nights that I moved from sleeping on the sofa to the bed, we decided John would call me on his cell phone if he needed anything. In the middle of the night I heard John yelling for me and jumped up and asked him why he didn’t use the phone. Well, he had dropped it into the mechanism of the lift chair. A few minutes later, I was able to retrieve it and we just decided to laugh about the experience. After sharing the experience with a class I was teaching the next day, a friend brought me a cow bell for John to use to get my attention!We are so fortunate to live in a community with an excellent health care facility. Our family and friends have provided just what we needed when we needed it during the time since the accident. Now, we just need to focus on the positive during the coming weeks, so that healing can continue.While your life as you know it may change in an instant, your positive attitude will help you through the crises. Feel free to give me a call if you would like a copy of either of the fact sheets I mentioned above. I am happy to share!Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

Focus on the positive

What does it mean to invest in ourselves? We usually think of an investment in financial terms but making an investment in ourselves in important for continued improvement.

Investing in yourself can be picking up a book – or checking it out from the library. I have a shelf of books that I pick up from time to time. Some challenge my way of thinking, some provide ideas, some remind me to be kind to myself and to others.

Investing in yourself can be a commitment to taking a walk every day for exercise and to enjoy the beauty of the world around us. Investing in yourself can be making a commitment to stopping for 15 minutes in your day to listen – really listen – to your family, especially your children.

I spent several days last week at a professional development workshop. While it is hard to be out of the office for three days, making time to connect with colleagues, learn new skills and resources, and to have speakers provide thought-provoking information is invaluable!

I can’t take care of others if I don’t take care of myself. Sharing in the excitement of new resources and ideas is motivating. Sharing stories and fun over meals with fellow 4-H agents builds networks and reinforces our commitment to youth development.

Serving as both a formal and informal mentor for other agents relies on my investing in myself and encouraging those around me.

Working to understand, provide direction, and teach young people requires me to be the best version of myself and that only happens through investment in myself. In the same way, I challenge the youth I work with to stretch their skills and abilities by investing in themselves. 4-H project learning doesn’t happen by accident and it doesn’t happen in a formal classroom setting so a 4-H youth learns based on their willingness to invest in themselves. This can happen by going to camp, serving as a club officer, teaching others about a project, trying a new

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 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/12/1575650994387.jpeg" alt="Michelle Beran" />
 <figcaption>Michelle Beran</figcaption>
 </figure>written by: Michelle Beran, Cottonwood Extension DistrictWhat does it mean to invest in ourselves? We usually think of an investment in financial terms but making an investment in ourselves in important for continued improvement.Investing in yourself can be picking up a book – or checking it out from the library. I have a shelf of books that I pick up from time to time. Some challenge my way of thinking, some provide ideas, some remind me to be kind to myself and to others.Investing in yourself can be a commitment to taking a walk every day for exercise and to enjoy the beauty of the world around us. Investing in yourself can be making a commitment to stopping for 15 minutes in your day to listen – really listen – to your family, especially your children.I spent several days last week at a professional development workshop. While it is hard to be out of the office for three days, making time to connect with colleagues, learn new skills and resources, and to have speakers provide thought-provoking information is invaluable!I can’t take care of others if I don’t take care of myself. Sharing in the excitement of new resources and ideas is motivating. Sharing stories and fun over meals with fellow 4-H agents builds networks and reinforces our commitment to youth development.Serving as both a formal and informal mentor for other agents relies on my investing in myself and encouraging those around me.Working to understand, provide direction, and teach young people requires me to be the best version of myself and that only happens through investment in myself. In the same way, I challenge the youth I work with to stretch their skills and abilities by investing in themselves. 4-H project learning doesn’t happen by accident and it doesn’t happen in a formal classroom setting so a 4-H youth learns based on their willingness to invest in themselves. This can happen by going to camp, serving as a club officer, teaching others about a project, trying a newproject and researching what it will take to learn about that area. Many project areas rely on the 4-H youth, and their parents, to check out resources, ask others to help and mentor, and practice on their own.That investment will pay off in patience, resilience, teamwork, and leadership skills! As we work to develop the next group of leaders, these experiences and the investment is invaluable!K-State Research and Extension is committed to making its services, activities and programs accessible to all participants. Reasonable accommodations for persons with disabilities may be requested by contacting Michelle Beran at 620-793-1910 or mberan@ksu.edu.