Over the last few years, I have heard a lot about self-care. Taking care of ourselves is extremely important as we cannot care for others if we are tapped out.

One of the areas of self-care that I have worked on for several years is mindfulness. Mindfulness is defined as the practice of purposely bringing one’s attention to experiences in the present moment without judgement. The definition includes that it is a skill that develops through practice. In other words, it doesn’t just happen by accident.

Making time for being present – being in the moment – takes work and is a skill that I, as a people-focused, service-oriented individual, don’t do very well. I am getting better at it, however.

I am making time to sit with my cup of coffee and listen to the wind chimes several mornings each week with my dog snuggled in my lap and just be quiet. I am making time to connect with family and be completely engaged in the conversation. This may mean turning off or putting away my phone.

When our daughter was small, we started a tradition of Saturday “Ladies Lunch”. Now, this wasn’t anything fancy and we were usually just picking up groceries. My only rule was that the restaurant had to be somewhere with waitstaff. Not only were we practicing table manners but our daughter knew that for that time, she had my undivided attention. We were building a wonderful (but certainly not perfect!) relationship. When she was in college, she would occasionally call to ask if I could meet her halfway for “Ladies Lunch” so that we could catch up and have some priceless, focused time together. This was one way to model mindfulness at its best!

Some of my favorite moments can happen in the next few weeks. I love to sit with just the Christmas tree lights on and soak up the flickering colors and shiny ornaments as I reflect on family and friends.

Have you ever watched a small child when they see something fascinating? The sheer delight on their face and contagious giggle is hard to beat – and it happens because they are completely in the moment!

It is hard as adults to put away our stresses, concerns, and fears to be completely in the moment. It is a good skill to model for young people. It does not mean ignoring our responsibilities but gives us the ability to better address the hard things in our days.

Over the next few weeks, make time to stop for a few minutes…..just listen to your heart, to nature, to your favorite music, to a child’s laughter. Pick up a book of inspirational quotes or devotions. If you are with family or friends, put your phone away and turn off the tv to be fully engaged in the conversation.

Mindfulness takes practice and now is a perfect time to get started!

Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness.

Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668177490614.jpeg" alt="written by: Michelle Beran - 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. " />
 <figcaption>written by: Michelle Beran - 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. </figcaption>
 </figure>Over the last few years, I have heard a lot about self-care. Taking care of ourselves is extremely important as we cannot care for others if we are tapped out.One of the areas of self-care that I have worked on for several years is mindfulness. Mindfulness is defined as the practice of purposely bringing one’s attention to experiences in the present moment without judgement. The definition includes that it is a skill that develops through practice. In other words, it doesn’t just happen by accident.Making time for being present – being in the moment – takes work and is a skill that I, as a people-focused, service-oriented individual, don’t do very well. I am getting better at it, however.I am making time to sit with my cup of coffee and listen to the wind chimes several mornings each week with my dog snuggled in my lap and just be quiet. I am making time to connect with family and be completely engaged in the conversation. This may mean turning off or putting away my phone.When our daughter was small, we started a tradition of Saturday “Ladies Lunch”. Now, this wasn’t anything fancy and we were usually just picking up groceries. My only rule was that the restaurant had to be somewhere with waitstaff. Not only were we practicing table manners but our daughter knew that for that time, she had my undivided attention. We were building a wonderful (but certainly not perfect!) relationship. When she was in college, she would occasionally call to ask if I could meet her halfway for “Ladies Lunch” so that we could catch up and have some priceless, focused time together. This was one way to model mindfulness at its best!Some of my favorite moments can happen in the next few weeks. I love to sit with just the Christmas tree lights on and soak up the flickering colors and shiny ornaments as I reflect on family and friends.Have you ever watched a small child when they see something fascinating? The sheer delight on their face and contagious giggle is hard to beat – and it happens because they are completely in the moment!It is hard as adults to put away our stresses, concerns, and fears to be completely in the moment. It is a good skill to model for young people. It does not mean ignoring our responsibilities but gives us the ability to better address the hard things in our days.Over the next few weeks, make time to stop for a few minutes…..just listen to your heart, to nature, to your favorite music, to a child’s laughter. Pick up a book of inspirational quotes or devotions. If you are with family or friends, put your phone away and turn off the tv to be fully engaged in the conversation.Mindfulness takes practice and now is a perfect time to get started!Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness.Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.

BERAN: Practicing mindfulness

When the pilgrims first came to America from England, they had a very difficult first year, and without the help of the Native Americans, would not have survived. After finally having a successful harvest the following year, they had a harvest feast to celebrate with their new neighbors. We continue this tradition today on the 4th&nbsp;Thursday of November with family and friends. Our feast today has much in common with the first Thanksgiving celebration with some major and minor differences. In the end though, the Thanksgiving feast is a chance to gather with family and friends and remember how much you have to be thankful for!&nbsp;

Turkeys are one of the few domesticated animals today that originated in North America, so they most likely were on the menu, but other fowl were probably prepared as well for the feast. Wild ducks, geese, and swans would have also been consumed that day. The turkey would have been wild rather than the domesticated one that you purchase at the local store. Its taste would be similar to the heritage turkeys that can still be ordered from specialty shops or the wild ones still roaming the fields today. Shellfish and varieties of fish would have also been offered since that was a convenient source of protein for a colony that was close to the sea. Historical records also show that the Wampanoag tribe brought an offering of 5 deer for the celebration, so the meal had a wide variety of what today we would consider the main course to choose from!&nbsp;

Vegetables were also very much present at the first Thanksgiving in 1621. After all, this was a celebration of the first successful harvest in the new world, but some may have looked different than how we eat them today. Of course there would be no green bean casserole on the table for another 300- plus years, and even though they grew and harvested maize (or corn), they would have made cornmeal out of it and created a mush or porridge to eat. Onions, beans carrots, and, lettuce would have graced the table similar to today. &nbsp;

The first version of pumpkin pie was probably consumed as well in 1621. Once again, it was there, but just different. The fledgling colony lacked the butter and flour to be able to make a pie crust, as well as the oven to bake the pie in. What they did instead was make custard by hollowing out the pumpkins and adding milk, honey and spices, and then placing the gourds in the hot ashes of the fire to roast creating the precursor to what we know as pumpkin pie today.&nbsp;

So whatever you are planning for your Thanksgiving meal, whether it is the “traditional” feast of today, or your favorite variation of it, I hope you have a blessed holiday spent with those you care about most. Happy Thanksgiving!&nbsp;

&nbsp;Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>When the pilgrims first came to America from England, they had a very difficult first year, and without the help of the Native Americans, would not have survived. After finally having a successful harvest the following year, they had a harvest feast to celebrate with their new neighbors. We continue this tradition today on the 4th&nbsp;Thursday of November with family and friends. Our feast today has much in common with the first Thanksgiving celebration with some major and minor differences. In the end though, the Thanksgiving feast is a chance to gather with family and friends and remember how much you have to be thankful for!&nbsp;Turkeys are one of the few domesticated animals today that originated in North America, so they most likely were on the menu, but other fowl were probably prepared as well for the feast. Wild ducks, geese, and swans would have also been consumed that day. The turkey would have been wild rather than the domesticated one that you purchase at the local store. Its taste would be similar to the heritage turkeys that can still be ordered from specialty shops or the wild ones still roaming the fields today. Shellfish and varieties of fish would have also been offered since that was a convenient source of protein for a colony that was close to the sea. Historical records also show that the Wampanoag tribe brought an offering of 5 deer for the celebration, so the meal had a wide variety of what today we would consider the main course to choose from!&nbsp;Vegetables were also very much present at the first Thanksgiving in 1621. After all, this was a celebration of the first successful harvest in the new world, but some may have looked different than how we eat them today. Of course there would be no green bean casserole on the table for another 300- plus years, and even though they grew and harvested maize (or corn), they would have made cornmeal out of it and created a mush or porridge to eat. Onions, beans carrots, and, lettuce would have graced the table similar to today. &nbsp;The first version of pumpkin pie was probably consumed as well in 1621. Once again, it was there, but just different. The fledgling colony lacked the butter and flour to be able to make a pie crust, as well as the oven to bake the pie in. What they did instead was make custard by hollowing out the pumpkins and adding milk, honey and spices, and then placing the gourds in the hot ashes of the fire to roast creating the precursor to what we know as pumpkin pie today.&nbsp;So whatever you are planning for your Thanksgiving meal, whether it is the “traditional” feast of today, or your favorite variation of it, I hope you have a blessed holiday spent with those you care about most. Happy Thanksgiving!&nbsp;&nbsp;Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

BOOR: Taking a further look at that Thanksgiving dinner

The holidays can be a good time to try new recipes. I thought I would use the opportunity to recognize recipes from the 2022 Ellis County Fair that won awards. Esther Neher, a member of the Victoria Vikings 4-H club, won Grand Champion junior foods with her recipe, Layered Reese’s Cake. Mya Neher, a member of the Victoria Vikings 4-H Club, won Reserve Champion junior foods for her entry of a Fresh Orange Cake.

Cake Ingredients 2 boxes devil’s food chocolate cake mixes 1 cup butter (2 sticks) 2 cups water 8 whole eggs Frosting and Topping Ingredients 2 cups butter (room temperature) 6 cups powdered sugar 4-8 Tbsp. whipping cream 1 ½ cups peanut butter 1 tsp vanilla Peanut butter cups, some whole, some chopped for topping

Instructions · Preheat oven to 350 degrees. · Prepare two 9 in round cake pans with cooking spray and parchment cut to fit the bottom of the pan. · Prepare each cake separately with a cake mix, 2 cups of water, 1 stick of butter and 4 eggs. Bake each cake for about 45 minutes or until a toothpick inserted comes out clean. · Let cakes cool and remove from pans. · For the frosting, combine the butter, peanut butter, powdered sugar, vanilla, and cream with an electric mixer until well combined and smooth. · To frost the cake, it works best for it to be chilled or even frozen. If the cake is mounded on time use a serrated knife to level it off. Place a thin layer of frosting between the layer and frost the outside using a piping bag and/or an off-set knife. · Decorate with peanut butter cups and enjoy!

Cake Ingredients 1 box yellow cake mix ½ cup butter 1 tsp pure vanilla extract 1 cup fresh orange juice ¼ cup granulated sugar 4 large eggs Glaze Ingredients 1 cup confectioner’s sugar 1 tsp fresh grated orange zest 3 Tbsp fresh orange juice

· Preheat oven to 350 degrees · Lightly mist a 12 cup Bundt pan with cooking spray, then dust with flour. Shake out the excess flour. · Place cake ingredients in a mixing bowl and mix with an electric mixer. Stop the machine to scrape down the sides with a rubber spatula. Turn mixer back on to medium and mix for two minutes. · Bake the cake until golden brown and just starts to pull away from the sides of the pan, 45 to 47 minutes. Remove the pan from the oven and allow to cool for 20 minutes. Run a knife along the edge of the cake and invert it to release the cake. Allow to cool another 30 minutes. · Meanwhile, prepare the glaze. Combine the confectioner’s sugar, fresh orange juice, and orange zest in a small bowl and stir until smooth. · Place the cake on a serving platter and pour the glaze over the top, letting it drizzle down the sides and into the center. Let the glaze set for a few minutes before slicing.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt="written by: Monique Koerner - Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District." />
 <figcaption>written by: Monique Koerner - Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District.</figcaption>
 </figure>The holidays can be a good time to try new recipes. I thought I would use the opportunity to recognize recipes from the 2022 Ellis County Fair that won awards. Esther Neher, a member of the Victoria Vikings 4-H club, won Grand Champion junior foods with her recipe, Layered Reese’s Cake. Mya Neher, a member of the Victoria Vikings 4-H Club, won Reserve Champion junior foods for her entry of a Fresh Orange Cake.Layered Reese’s CakeCake Ingredients 2 boxes devil’s food chocolate cake mixes 1 cup butter (2 sticks) 2 cups water 8 whole eggs Frosting and Topping Ingredients 2 cups butter (room temperature) 6 cups powdered sugar 4-8 Tbsp. whipping cream 1 ½ cups peanut butter 1 tsp vanilla Peanut butter cups, some whole, some chopped for toppingInstructions · Preheat oven to 350 degrees. · Prepare two 9 in round cake pans with cooking spray and parchment cut to fit the bottom of the pan. · Prepare each cake separately with a cake mix, 2 cups of water, 1 stick of butter and 4 eggs. Bake each cake for about 45 minutes or until a toothpick inserted comes out clean. · Let cakes cool and remove from pans. · For the frosting, combine the butter, peanut butter, powdered sugar, vanilla, and cream with an electric mixer until well combined and smooth. · To frost the cake, it works best for it to be chilled or even frozen. If the cake is mounded on time use a serrated knife to level it off. Place a thin layer of frosting between the layer and frost the outside using a piping bag and/or an off-set knife. · Decorate with peanut butter cups and enjoy!Fresh Orange CakeCake Ingredients 1 box yellow cake mix ½ cup butter 1 tsp pure vanilla extract 1 cup fresh orange juice ¼ cup granulated sugar 4 large eggs Glaze Ingredients 1 cup confectioner’s sugar 1 tsp fresh grated orange zest 3 Tbsp fresh orange juiceInstructions· Preheat oven to 350 degrees · Lightly mist a 12 cup Bundt pan with cooking spray, then dust with flour. Shake out the excess flour. · Place cake ingredients in a mixing bowl and mix with an electric mixer. Stop the machine to scrape down the sides with a rubber spatula. Turn mixer back on to medium and mix for two minutes. · Bake the cake until golden brown and just starts to pull away from the sides of the pan, 45 to 47 minutes. Remove the pan from the oven and allow to cool for 20 minutes. Run a knife along the edge of the cake and invert it to release the cake. Allow to cool another 30 minutes. · Meanwhile, prepare the glaze. Combine the confectioner’s sugar, fresh orange juice, and orange zest in a small bowl and stir until smooth. · Place the cake on a serving platter and pour the glaze over the top, letting it drizzle down the sides and into the center. Let the glaze set for a few minutes before slicing.

KOERNER: Award winning fair recipes

Those flu bugs are nasty this year, and with so many families spending time together over

the holidays, it is likely that you or someone close to you will catch it. The information that crosses my desk about avoiding contagious illnesses is consistent. WASH YOUR HANDS OFTEN. Washing your hands at every step in the food preparation process will certainly help from spreading those germs. Whenever you touch your face or hair, or after sneezing or coughing into your hand you will want to wash. Reminding children to wash up after they have been playing outside, or with the family pet is another key.

The correct way to wash hands is to wet them with warm water, lather the soap and rinse; a process that should take around 20 seconds. Make sure you wash the cuticle area and around jewelry especially well. Keep a clean hand towel near every sink or consider switching to paper towels that can be disposed of. The use of hand sanitizers may sound like a good idea but when we have used our “glow germ” activity we found lots of germs survive the use of such cleansers. The use of warm water and soap works best.

Of course there are some other things you can do to avoid becoming ill. Getting plenty of rest and eating right, including lots of fruits and vegetables that are chock full of immune boosting vitamins is a great idea. Make time in your day for some quiet time to reflect and relax. Keeping the stress level down will help promote health. Limit visits with people who have a compromised immune system, especially if you have any symptoms of illness.

Have a Happy and Healthy Holiday Season, beginning with Thanksgiving this week!

Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141404420.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>Those flu bugs are nasty this year, and with so many families spending time together overthe holidays, it is likely that you or someone close to you will catch it. The information that crosses my desk about avoiding contagious illnesses is consistent. WASH YOUR HANDS OFTEN. Washing your hands at every step in the food preparation process will certainly help from spreading those germs. Whenever you touch your face or hair, or after sneezing or coughing into your hand you will want to wash. Reminding children to wash up after they have been playing outside, or with the family pet is another key.The correct way to wash hands is to wet them with warm water, lather the soap and rinse; a process that should take around 20 seconds. Make sure you wash the cuticle area and around jewelry especially well. Keep a clean hand towel near every sink or consider switching to paper towels that can be disposed of. The use of hand sanitizers may sound like a good idea but when we have used our “glow germ” activity we found lots of germs survive the use of such cleansers. The use of warm water and soap works best.Of course there are some other things you can do to avoid becoming ill. Getting plenty of rest and eating right, including lots of fruits and vegetables that are chock full of immune boosting vitamins is a great idea. Make time in your day for some quiet time to reflect and relax. Keeping the stress level down will help promote health. Limit visits with people who have a compromised immune system, especially if you have any symptoms of illness.Have a Happy and Healthy Holiday Season, beginning with Thanksgiving this week!Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

KRUG: Spread joy, not germs during the holiday season

Newly bought houseplants or those brought in from outside often lose at least a portion of their leaves. In order to understand why this occurs, we need to look at how these plants are grown and what the plant needs to do to adapt to its new environment. Houseplants are normally produced either under shade outdoors in southern states or in greenhouses. Also, many homeowners move their houseplants outside during the summer. Regardless, the plants receive much more sunlight than they do in an indoor environment. 

Research done in Florida in the late 1970s revealed that tropical plants grown under high light conditions produce ‘sun leaves' while those grown under low light conditions have ‘shade leaves.' These leaf types differ structurally in that sun leaves have less chlorophyll (the substance that plants use to convert sunlight to energy) and the chlorophyll that is present is located deeper inside the leaf. Sun leaves also tend to be thick, small and numerous while shade leaves are more thin, larger, and fewer in number. When plants are moved from one light condition to another they need time to adjust. This process is known as acclimatization. If they are forced to acclimatize too quickly, they will drop their sun leaves and produce a new set of shade leaves. If the acclimatization process is slower and less drastic, the plant can convert their sun leaves to the shade leaves that do better under low light. If going from shade to sun, this process is reversed.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 

Some houseplants are acclimatized before they are sold but many are not. So how do we help our new houseplants or those moved inside acclimatize to their new home environment? Houseplants should start out in an area of the home that receives plenty of light and then gradually moved to their permanent, darker location. This process should take 4 to 8 weeks depending on the degree of difference in light levels between the initial and final location of the plant. Remember, plants need to be acclimatized whether they are moved from a sunny location to one that receives less light or from shade to sun. Understanding plant processes allows us to anticipate potential problems. Acclimatization gives our houseplants a greater&nbsp;chance of retaining leaves and avoiding the stress of completely replacing them.&nbsp;&nbsp;

&nbsp;Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Newly bought houseplants or those brought in from outside often lose at least a portion of their leaves. In order to understand why this occurs, we need to look at how these plants are grown and what the plant needs to do to adapt to its new environment. Houseplants are normally produced either under shade outdoors in southern states or in greenhouses. Also, many homeowners move their houseplants outside during the summer. Regardless, the plants receive much more sunlight than they do in an indoor environment. Research done in Florida in the late 1970s revealed that tropical plants grown under high light conditions produce ‘sun leaves' while those grown under low light conditions have ‘shade leaves.' These leaf types differ structurally in that sun leaves have less chlorophyll (the substance that plants use to convert sunlight to energy) and the chlorophyll that is present is located deeper inside the leaf. Sun leaves also tend to be thick, small and numerous while shade leaves are more thin, larger, and fewer in number. When plants are moved from one light condition to another they need time to adjust. This process is known as acclimatization. If they are forced to acclimatize too quickly, they will drop their sun leaves and produce a new set of shade leaves. If the acclimatization process is slower and less drastic, the plant can convert their sun leaves to the shade leaves that do better under low light. If going from shade to sun, this process is reversed.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Some houseplants are acclimatized before they are sold but many are not. So how do we help our new houseplants or those moved inside acclimatize to their new home environment? Houseplants should start out in an area of the home that receives plenty of light and then gradually moved to their permanent, darker location. This process should take 4 to 8 weeks depending on the degree of difference in light levels between the initial and final location of the plant. Remember, plants need to be acclimatized whether they are moved from a sunny location to one that receives less light or from shade to sun. Understanding plant processes allows us to anticipate potential problems. Acclimatization gives our houseplants a greater&nbsp;chance of retaining leaves and avoiding the stress of completely replacing them.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910&nbsp;

BOOR: Why do houseplants lose leaves after being brought inside?

Looking at turkeys for your holiday meals? Here are some tips to help make your holiday turkey safe and healthy. Turkey is a healthy choice since it is considered a white meat and full of protein! Some tips for keeping it as healthy as possible is to bake it and not fry it or use herbs and lemon to season rather than butter and salt. Allow one pound (1 lb) of turkey per person you are serving. Thawing turkeys can be tricky but remember to thaw them in one of three ways: in the refrigerator, in cold water, or the microwave. Allowing your bird to thaw at room temperature can allow dangerous bacteria to grow. Washing a raw turkey or poultry also spreads bacteria around the kitchen so you can save time and skip washing the bird. To roast the turkey, start with an oven temperature set at least at 325 degrees. Timetable for turkey roasting varies based on size and if the turkey is stuffed or not. The turkey should reach an internal temperature of 165 degrees when it is thoroughly cooked. Allow the turkey to stand for 20 minutes before carving.

Then there are the leftovers. Turkey can be eaten hot or cold once it is cooked. However, a good rule is to keep hot foods hot and cold foods cold and don’t allow leftovers out for too long. Resist the temptation to leave lunch out for supper. Leftovers should be refrigerated within two hours. Dividing leftovers into smaller portions and in shallow containers allows leftovers to cool quickly. Leftovers should be used within three to four days.

The USDA has a meat and poultry hotline and website if you find you have questions during the holidays. Th phone number is 1-888-674-6854 (1-888-MPHotline) Monday-Friday 10am-4pm or online at www.fsis.usda.gov. You can always call the office to talk to an extension agent to have your questions answered as well. Cottonwood Extension District has lots of tips on our website as well. https://cottonwood.k-state.edu/

I hope you enjoy eating lots of turkey this holiday season.

Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt="written by: Monique Koerner - Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District." />
 <figcaption>written by: Monique Koerner - Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District.</figcaption>
 </figure>Looking at turkeys for your holiday meals? Here are some tips to help make your holiday turkey safe and healthy. Turkey is a healthy choice since it is considered a white meat and full of protein! Some tips for keeping it as healthy as possible is to bake it and not fry it or use herbs and lemon to season rather than butter and salt. Allow one pound (1 lb) of turkey per person you are serving. Thawing turkeys can be tricky but remember to thaw them in one of three ways: in the refrigerator, in cold water, or the microwave. Allowing your bird to thaw at room temperature can allow dangerous bacteria to grow. Washing a raw turkey or poultry also spreads bacteria around the kitchen so you can save time and skip washing the bird. To roast the turkey, start with an oven temperature set at least at 325 degrees. Timetable for turkey roasting varies based on size and if the turkey is stuffed or not. The turkey should reach an internal temperature of 165 degrees when it is thoroughly cooked. Allow the turkey to stand for 20 minutes before carving.Then there are the leftovers. Turkey can be eaten hot or cold once it is cooked. However, a good rule is to keep hot foods hot and cold foods cold and don’t allow leftovers out for too long. Resist the temptation to leave lunch out for supper. Leftovers should be refrigerated within two hours. Dividing leftovers into smaller portions and in shallow containers allows leftovers to cool quickly. Leftovers should be used within three to four days.The USDA has a meat and poultry hotline and website if you find you have questions during the holidays. Th phone number is 1-888-674-6854 (1-888-MPHotline) Monday-Friday 10am-4pm or online at www.fsis.usda.gov. You can always call the office to talk to an extension agent to have your questions answered as well. Cottonwood Extension District has lots of tips on our website as well. https://cottonwood.k-state.edu/I hope you enjoy eating lots of turkey this holiday season.Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

KOERNER: Turkey preparation reminders

I would like to thank those involved in making this year’s sorghum demonstration plot possible. Cooperators Josh Debes and Dean Stoskopf along with Johnny Luerman in Barton County and Matt, John and Wyatt Grabbe in Ellis County. Also a shout-out to all of the seed companies and dealers for providing the seed and signs.

Of course, this year the yields were low due to the drought. In the Barton County plot the yields ranged from a low of 48 to a high of 72 bushels per acre with test weights from 58.3 to 61.6. In Ellis County the yields ranged from 30 to 56 bushels per acre with test weights from 51.5 to 57.6. The results are posted on our web site at www.cottonwood.ksu.edu click onto the Crops and Livestock tab and then look under Hot Topics. Also they will be posted on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/ksrecottonwood/ and my Twitter account https://twitter.com/scampbel_stacy

I always like to remind growers that when making their next seed purchasing decisions to look at several different sources (test plot) results, if possible over multiple years and locations. Whether it be county agent plots, Coops, seed companies, etc. I would especially encourage you to look at the Kansas Performance Tests with Grain Sorghum by Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Stations https://www.agronomy.k-state.edu/services/crop-performance-tests/ These variety plots are replicated, meaning each hybrid has been randomly planted in the test plot in 4 different spots. Replication is used to smooth out or account for variability within a field. This site also has crop performance (variety yields) of 8 different crops grown here in Kansas. Tested over multiple K-State Ag Research Centers around the state.

If you would like to have a paper copy of the Cottonwood District Sorghum Demonstration Plots stop by either Extension Office. The K-State Performance Test books for grain sorghum should be coming out soon and you can stop in later for one of those. Our offices are located in Hays at 601 Main Street or Great Bend at 3007 10th Street. If you ever have any questions on crop production feel free to give me a call at 785-628-9430.

Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574181994278.png" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>I would like to thank those involved in making this year’s sorghum demonstration plot possible. Cooperators Josh Debes and Dean Stoskopf along with Johnny Luerman in Barton County and Matt, John and Wyatt Grabbe in Ellis County. Also a shout-out to all of the seed companies and dealers for providing the seed and signs.Of course, this year the yields were low due to the drought. In the Barton County plot the yields ranged from a low of 48 to a high of 72 bushels per acre with test weights from 58.3 to 61.6. In Ellis County the yields ranged from 30 to 56 bushels per acre with test weights from 51.5 to 57.6. The results are posted on our web site at www.cottonwood.ksu.edu click onto the Crops and Livestock tab and then look under Hot Topics. Also they will be posted on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/ksrecottonwood/ and my Twitter account https://twitter.com/scampbel_stacyI always like to remind growers that when making their next seed purchasing decisions to look at several different sources (test plot) results, if possible over multiple years and locations. Whether it be county agent plots, Coops, seed companies, etc. I would especially encourage you to look at the Kansas Performance Tests with Grain Sorghum by Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Stations https://www.agronomy.k-state.edu/services/crop-performance-tests/ These variety plots are replicated, meaning each hybrid has been randomly planted in the test plot in 4 different spots. Replication is used to smooth out or account for variability within a field. This site also has crop performance (variety yields) of 8 different crops grown here in Kansas. Tested over multiple K-State Ag Research Centers around the state.If you would like to have a paper copy of the Cottonwood District Sorghum Demonstration Plots stop by either Extension Office. The K-State Performance Test books for grain sorghum should be coming out soon and you can stop in later for one of those. Our offices are located in Hays at 601 Main Street or Great Bend at 3007 10th Street. If you ever have any questions on crop production feel free to give me a call at 785-628-9430.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: Results of Cottonwood District grain sorghum hybrid demonstration plots

October started a new year of enrollment for 4-H members in our eight community clubs and their involvement in 40 project areas! Each community club elects representatives to serve on the 4-H Council, much like Student Council. This is an additional layer of leadership and communication learning as the youth and parent representatives share information to and from their clubs. Additionally, they serve on committees to plan county-wide events such as our Achievement Celebration and 4-H Club Day.

The Achievement Celebration was held a week ago and provides an opportunity for fun, fellowship, and award recognition. The committee selected an 80s theme for a Totally Rad Celebration, and we had lots of neon attire and ice cream sundaes.

All 4-H members are encouraged to keep a record book. Now, I know that record books aren’t everyone’s favorite thing but it does provide good life skills practice in setting goals, keeping track of related finances and activities, and sharing the struggles and successes as our 4-H members learn.

Each year at the end of the celebration, I remind 4-H members to turn to their family members to tell them Thank You! I will add my thanks to club leaders, project leaders, parents, grandparents, aunts, uncles, and neighbors who all have a hand in helping a 4-H member learn, grow, and thrive!

If you have a young person in your world who would like to know more, be sure to contact one of our Extension Offices for more information.

Kansas State University is committed to making its services, activities and programs accessible to all participants. If you have special requirements due to a physical, vision, or hearing disability.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668179445671.jpeg" alt="written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>October started a new year of enrollment for 4-H members in our eight community clubs and their involvement in 40 project areas! Each community club elects representatives to serve on the 4-H Council, much like Student Council. This is an additional layer of leadership and communication learning as the youth and parent representatives share information to and from their clubs. Additionally, they serve on committees to plan county-wide events such as our Achievement Celebration and 4-H Club Day.The Achievement Celebration was held a week ago and provides an opportunity for fun, fellowship, and award recognition. The committee selected an 80s theme for a Totally Rad Celebration, and we had lots of neon attire and ice cream sundaes.All 4-H members are encouraged to keep a record book. Now, I know that record books aren’t everyone’s favorite thing but it does provide good life skills practice in setting goals, keeping track of related finances and activities, and sharing the struggles and successes as our 4-H members learn.Each year at the end of the celebration, I remind 4-H members to turn to their family members to tell them Thank You! I will add my thanks to club leaders, project leaders, parents, grandparents, aunts, uncles, and neighbors who all have a hand in helping a 4-H member learn, grow, and thrive!If you have a young person in your world who would like to know more, be sure to contact one of our Extension Offices for more information.Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness.Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.Kansas State University is committed to making its services, activities and programs accessible to all participants. If you have special requirements due to a physical, vision, or hearing disability.

BERAN: 4-H celebration!

Holidays are a great time of year to connect with family. It is easy to let schedules get too hectic so make sure you prioritize your family this time of year. Hopefully you will have some down time to visit around the dining room table, without any electronic devices. That is the perfect environment for treasured family time.

Incorporating games, working a jig saw puzzle or building a snowman (if we get snow) are definitely memory makers. I have a great poster titled, “100 Ways to Celebrate your Family” that is free if you simply stop by our office at 3007 10th Street in Great Bend. All of the suggestions are no-cost or very low cost and I firmly believe that those are the things that make the biggest impression on kids.

When our grandkids come for a visit I always have plenty of paper, markers, and colored pencils on hand for the budding artists. When they leave, I have new pictures to put on the refrigerator.

Another consideration during this busy time of year is to stick to a simpler menu. There is no prize for stressing yourself out in the kitchen. Menu ideas I go to at this time of year include soups and stews, served up with some tasty fresh fruit. Not only are these ideas simple but they are healthier choices as well.

Later this month, on November 30th, at noon, I hope you will mark your calendar and join me at noon at the Great Bend Activity Center, 2715 18th Street. I have invited Monique, my team member from the Hays office, to work together to present an educational program we have titled, “Heathy Holiday Hints.” We’ll have some fun ideas to share that may help you de-stress and enjoy the holidays for the right reasons.

Whatever you are planning and wherever your holiday travels take you, make time for some simple fun with your family!

Donna Krug is the District Director and Family and Consumer Science Agent with the Cottonwood Extension District – Great Bend Office. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141404420.png" alt="written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Holidays are a great time of year to connect with family. It is easy to let schedules get too hectic so make sure you prioritize your family this time of year. Hopefully you will have some down time to visit around the dining room table, without any electronic devices. That is the perfect environment for treasured family time.Incorporating games, working a jig saw puzzle or building a snowman (if we get snow) are definitely memory makers. I have a great poster titled, “100 Ways to Celebrate your Family” that is free if you simply stop by our office at 3007 10th Street in Great Bend. All of the suggestions are no-cost or very low cost and I firmly believe that those are the things that make the biggest impression on kids.When our grandkids come for a visit I always have plenty of paper, markers, and colored pencils on hand for the budding artists. When they leave, I have new pictures to put on the refrigerator.Another consideration during this busy time of year is to stick to a simpler menu. There is no prize for stressing yourself out in the kitchen. Menu ideas I go to at this time of year include soups and stews, served up with some tasty fresh fruit. Not only are these ideas simple but they are healthier choices as well.Later this month, on November 30th, at noon, I hope you will mark your calendar and join me at noon at the Great Bend Activity Center, 2715 18th Street. I have invited Monique, my team member from the Hays office, to work together to present an educational program we have titled, “Heathy Holiday Hints.” We’ll have some fun ideas to share that may help you de-stress and enjoy the holidays for the right reasons.Whatever you are planning and wherever your holiday travels take you, make time for some simple fun with your family!Donna Krug is the District Director and Family and Consumer Science Agent with the Cottonwood Extension District – Great Bend Office. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu.

KRUG: Take time for family

Encouraging families to read and giving them the resources to read to their children every day is so important for a young child’s development and success in school. Reading to my children was one of my favorite things to do with them when they were young and even as they got older. I have fond memories of attending library story time as well as snuggling on the couch to read a good book. This is one of those times that parents can use to touch base with their child and maybe help them wind down for nap or bed. It doesn’t matter what time of day it is, finding a time to read in your routine is what is important.

Not only is reading an important skill for school but it also helps children with other developmental skills as well. Exposing children to books from birth is a great way to aid their development. Books not only aid literacy skills but they also help little fingers develop. As they learn to turn pages of a book, they strengthen their fingers and fine motor skills.

Often times parents think they have to read a book from beginning to end, not skipping any pages. However, research from the Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch Up (ABC) program at the University of Delaware, actually promotes following your child’s lead with reading and play. If a child is looking at or chewing on a book on their own that’s okay! Talk to them about what they are doing. If they bring you a book, allow them to turn the pages and talk to them about what is on the page. This can put the child in charge and allow them time to explore on their own terms which aids their social emotional development by making them feel important and that they can have an effect on their world.

While libraries are great and offer many programs to get children involved with books and reading, sometimes it’s nice to start building a library at home as well. Dolly Parton’s Imagination Library has been integral in getting books into the hands of children and their parents. Once you sign up, books are mailed to the child every month from birth to age five. They are sent directly to the child so it’s exciting for them to get mail and the books are age appropriate also. In Ellis and Barton County you can go to the website imaginationlibrary.com to sign up. There are also lots of tips about reading to your child on their website. Be sure and check it out!

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/7/1658934620122.png" alt="written by: Monique Koerner - Family and Community Wellness Extension Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. " />
 <figcaption>written by: Monique Koerner - Family and Community Wellness Extension Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. </figcaption>
 </figure>Encouraging families to read and giving them the resources to read to their children every day is so important for a young child’s development and success in school. Reading to my children was one of my favorite things to do with them when they were young and even as they got older. I have fond memories of attending library story time as well as snuggling on the couch to read a good book. This is one of those times that parents can use to touch base with their child and maybe help them wind down for nap or bed. It doesn’t matter what time of day it is, finding a time to read in your routine is what is important.Not only is reading an important skill for school but it also helps children with other developmental skills as well. Exposing children to books from birth is a great way to aid their development. Books not only aid literacy skills but they also help little fingers develop. As they learn to turn pages of a book, they strengthen their fingers and fine motor skills.Often times parents think they have to read a book from beginning to end, not skipping any pages. However, research from the Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch Up (ABC) program at the University of Delaware, actually promotes following your child’s lead with reading and play. If a child is looking at or chewing on a book on their own that’s okay! Talk to them about what they are doing. If they bring you a book, allow them to turn the pages and talk to them about what is on the page. This can put the child in charge and allow them time to explore on their own terms which aids their social emotional development by making them feel important and that they can have an effect on their world.While libraries are great and offer many programs to get children involved with books and reading, sometimes it’s nice to start building a library at home as well. Dolly Parton’s Imagination Library has been integral in getting books into the hands of children and their parents. Once you sign up, books are mailed to the child every month from birth to age five. They are sent directly to the child so it’s exciting for them to get mail and the books are age appropriate also. In Ellis and Barton County you can go to the website imaginationlibrary.com to sign up. There are also lots of tips about reading to your child on their website. Be sure and check it out!Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668005010165.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>

KOERNER: National Family Literacy Month

Save the date to attend one of the 2022 Crop Pest Management Schools. This year, two schools will be offered in the traditional, in-person format on November 30 in Beloit and December 1 in Grainfield.

Each school will start at 7:50 am with registration and conclude at 5:00 pm. A lunch will be provided to all participants. The cost to attend either of the events is $50 if registered by November 22. After November 22 and at the door, the cost will be $75.

Each school will feature a variety of topics on weed control, insects, and diseases. Detailed agendas are posted on the registration link.

The dates and locations of each school are:

November 30 –Beloit, KS Beloit First United Methodist Church 801 N. Bell St. Beloit, KS 67420

December 1 – Grainfield, KS St. Agnes Catholic Church 242 Cedar St. Grainfield, KS 67737 Please register at northwest.k-state.edu/events/

Continuing Education Credits have been applied for and include: 1A Commercial Applicators: 7 credits and 1 core hour Certified Crop Advisor: 8 pest management credits

For questions, please contact the Northwest Area Research and Extension office at 785-462-6281 or email Jeanne Falk Jones at jfalkjones@ksu.edu

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574181994278.png" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Save the date to attend one of the 2022 Crop Pest Management Schools. This year, two schools will be offered in the traditional, in-person format on November 30 in Beloit and December 1 in Grainfield.Each school will start at 7:50 am with registration and conclude at 5:00 pm. A lunch will be provided to all participants. The cost to attend either of the events is $50 if registered by November 22. After November 22 and at the door, the cost will be $75.Each school will feature a variety of topics on weed control, insects, and diseases. Detailed agendas are posted on the registration link.The dates and locations of each school are:November 30 –Beloit, KS Beloit First United Methodist Church 801 N. Bell St. Beloit, KS 67420December 1 – Grainfield, KS St. Agnes Catholic Church 242 Cedar St. Grainfield, KS 67737 Please register at northwest.k-state.edu/events/Continuing Education Credits have been applied for and include: 1A Commercial Applicators: 7 credits and 1 core hour Certified Crop Advisor: 8 pest management creditsFor questions, please contact the Northwest Area Research and Extension office at 785-462-6281 or email Jeanne Falk Jones at jfalkjones@ksu.eduStacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: K-State Crop Pest Management Schools

Make plans to attend&nbsp;the Central&nbsp;Kansas Beef Summit on&nbsp;Tuesday,&nbsp;November&nbsp;29th,&nbsp;2022, from 8:30 am – 3:00 pm.&nbsp;The event will be highlighted by a&nbsp;Weather Summary &amp; Outlook by Chip Redmond, Kansas&nbsp;Mesonet; a presentation on&nbsp;Managing&nbsp;Pastureland&nbsp;and&nbsp;Grassland through Drought by Doug Spencer,&nbsp;NRCS;&nbsp;and a Market Outlook and Update from K-State specialist, Dr. Glynn Tonsor.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

In addition to the speakers, the program will offer breakout sessions where attendees can pick and choose which topics apply to them. This year’s topics will be an Introduction of the Office of Farm and Ranch Transition by Ashlee Westerhold, KSU, Livestock Risk Protection (LRP) &amp; Pasture, Rangeland, and Forage (PRF) policy by Dr. Jennifer Ifft, KSU, and Blue Green Algae by Dr. Jow Gerken, KSU.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

We will end the program with our Crisis Management panel. Hear from&nbsp;livestock&nbsp;producers impacted by 2021&nbsp;fires, industry representatives, and media personnel speak on&nbsp;topics relating to crisis management, emergency preparedness, and utilizing your resources in times of need.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

The field day, held&nbsp;in&nbsp;Salina, Kansas&nbsp;at the Saline&nbsp;Co Livestock &amp; Expo Center 4H Building, will be a collaboration among&nbsp;numerous&nbsp;K-State Research and Extension&nbsp;districts and&nbsp;will give producers a better chance to&nbsp;not only hear from industry leaders, but to also take part in&nbsp;conversation with one another.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

RSVP today to make sure you get a plate&nbsp;of delicious lunch.&nbsp;The cost&nbsp;to attend is $10 if you register by&nbsp;November 22nd,&nbsp;otherwise late registration is $15.&nbsp;For more information, or to register, visit&nbsp;<a href="https://www.centralkansas.k-state.edu/livestock/programs" target="_blank">https://www.centralkansas.k-state.edu/livestock/programs</a>&nbsp;or call Alicia Boor at 620-793-1910 or by email at aboor@ksu.edu.&nbsp;This event has been generously sponsored by several agribusinesses in collaboration with K-State Research and Extension Districts, Central KS, Cottonwood, Midway,&nbsp;River Valley,&nbsp;Phillips/Rooks,&nbsp;and&nbsp;Post&nbsp;Rock.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

Please direct any questions to Alicia Boor at 620-793-1910. We look forward to having you there!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Make plans to attend&nbsp;the Central&nbsp;Kansas Beef Summit on&nbsp;Tuesday,&nbsp;November&nbsp;29th,&nbsp;2022, from 8:30 am – 3:00 pm.&nbsp;The event will be highlighted by a&nbsp;Weather Summary &amp; Outlook by Chip Redmond, Kansas&nbsp;Mesonet; a presentation on&nbsp;Managing&nbsp;Pastureland&nbsp;and&nbsp;Grassland through Drought by Doug Spencer,&nbsp;NRCS;&nbsp;and a Market Outlook and Update from K-State specialist, Dr. Glynn Tonsor.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;In addition to the speakers, the program will offer breakout sessions where attendees can pick and choose which topics apply to them. This year’s topics will be an Introduction of the Office of Farm and Ranch Transition by Ashlee Westerhold, KSU, Livestock Risk Protection (LRP) &amp; Pasture, Rangeland, and Forage (PRF) policy by Dr. Jennifer Ifft, KSU, and Blue Green Algae by Dr. Jow Gerken, KSU.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;We will end the program with our Crisis Management panel. Hear from&nbsp;livestock&nbsp;producers impacted by 2021&nbsp;fires, industry representatives, and media personnel speak on&nbsp;topics relating to crisis management, emergency preparedness, and utilizing your resources in times of need.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The field day, held&nbsp;in&nbsp;Salina, Kansas&nbsp;at the Saline&nbsp;Co Livestock &amp; Expo Center 4H Building, will be a collaboration among&nbsp;numerous&nbsp;K-State Research and Extension&nbsp;districts and&nbsp;will give producers a better chance to&nbsp;not only hear from industry leaders, but to also take part in&nbsp;conversation with one another.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;RSVP today to make sure you get a plate&nbsp;of delicious lunch.&nbsp;The cost&nbsp;to attend is $10 if you register by&nbsp;November 22nd,&nbsp;otherwise late registration is $15.&nbsp;For more information, or to register, visit&nbsp;<a href="https://www.centralkansas.k-state.edu/livestock/programs" target="_blank">https://www.centralkansas.k-state.edu/livestock/programs</a>&nbsp;or call Alicia Boor at 620-793-1910 or by email at aboor@ksu.edu.&nbsp;This event has been generously sponsored by several agribusinesses in collaboration with K-State Research and Extension Districts, Central KS, Cottonwood, Midway,&nbsp;River Valley,&nbsp;Phillips/Rooks,&nbsp;and&nbsp;Post&nbsp;Rock.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Please direct any questions to Alicia Boor at 620-793-1910. We look forward to having you there!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

BOOR: Central Kansas Beef Summit to be held in Salina

With cooler temperatures here to stay, no doubt you will be switching on your furnace. Now is a good time to provide a reminder about the dangers of Carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide (CO) is of greatest concern because it can be fatal. Hundreds of people are killed each year in the United States by CO in their homes.

Carbon monoxide can build up in an enclosed space. The gas is odorless and colorless, so you may not sense what is making you sick. CO reduces the ability of hemoglobin in the blood to carry oxygen. Health effects or symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning can be similar to other illnesses, such as flu and allergies. The Symptoms of exposure to low doses of CO include nausea, dizziness, weakness, and muscle aches. Higher doses of CO can cause impaired judgement, paralysis, coma and death.

So how does a buildup of carbon monoxide typically occur? There are several ways, so keep reading for the answer.

· Flues or chimneys from combustion equipment become blocked (such as by a bird’s nest) disconnected, rusted or broken. Thus pollutants from combustion equipment, high in CO, cannot be exhausted to the outside.

· A fuel burning appliance, such as a furnace has a cracked heat exchanger, allowing combustion gases into the living spaces instead of being exhausted up a chimney or flue.

· Unvented fuel-burning (such as kerosene or gas) heaters are operated in the home without adequate ventilation.

· Charcoal cookers, grills, or hibachis are operated in the home.

· Gas ovens improperly used for space heating.

Last year the carbon monoxide detector we had plugged in in our basement family room made quite a screeching noise. Detectors do have a life span so make sure yours is operating properly. Once we replaced it with a new detector everything returned to normal. Remember though, that installing a CO detector does not replace regular maintenance, inspection and safe operation of combustion equipment.

Here’s hoping you stay safe and stay warm this winter!

Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141404420.png" alt="written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>With cooler temperatures here to stay, no doubt you will be switching on your furnace. Now is a good time to provide a reminder about the dangers of Carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide (CO) is of greatest concern because it can be fatal. Hundreds of people are killed each year in the United States by CO in their homes.Carbon monoxide can build up in an enclosed space. The gas is odorless and colorless, so you may not sense what is making you sick. CO reduces the ability of hemoglobin in the blood to carry oxygen. Health effects or symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning can be similar to other illnesses, such as flu and allergies. The Symptoms of exposure to low doses of CO include nausea, dizziness, weakness, and muscle aches. Higher doses of CO can cause impaired judgement, paralysis, coma and death.So how does a buildup of carbon monoxide typically occur? There are several ways, so keep reading for the answer.· Flues or chimneys from combustion equipment become blocked (such as by a bird’s nest) disconnected, rusted or broken. Thus pollutants from combustion equipment, high in CO, cannot be exhausted to the outside.· A fuel burning appliance, such as a furnace has a cracked heat exchanger, allowing combustion gases into the living spaces instead of being exhausted up a chimney or flue.· Unvented fuel-burning (such as kerosene or gas) heaters are operated in the home without adequate ventilation.· Charcoal cookers, grills, or hibachis are operated in the home.· Gas ovens improperly used for space heating.Last year the carbon monoxide detector we had plugged in in our basement family room made quite a screeching noise. Detectors do have a life span so make sure yours is operating properly. Once we replaced it with a new detector everything returned to normal. Remember though, that installing a CO detector does not replace regular maintenance, inspection and safe operation of combustion equipment.Here’s hoping you stay safe and stay warm this winter!Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider.

KRUG: Indoor air quality reminders

Changing diapers, making lunch, or getting backpacks ready for the next day can seem like mundane chores for parents. However, these can be opportunities in our daily routines that gives parents not only time to spend with their children but also use as a chance to bond and have fun.

Families are busy, I get that! Slowing down and taking the opportunity to do a chore with a child not only can help the child bond with the parent or caregiver but the child also learns valuable skills during the process. For example, changing a diaper can be a boring and messy task. However, a parent can take this opportunity to have fun with the child. Singing a song or a saying a fun rhyme can help distract the child from the task but also gives the child an opportunity to engage with their parent or caregiver and learn social emotional skills.

Being responsive to children is a key element of bonding with a child. Being responsive means we look at, touch, or talk to our children when they try to get our attention. Children learn to trust us when respond to them and we meet their needs. Dr. Bradford Wiles, K-State Research and Extension Specialist and Associate Professor states, “That bond is really around forming trust between each other (and) having an emotional connection. That feeling of security that is a foundation. Children know that their primary caregiver is a secure base from which they can explore their world. They can always turn back to that secure base.”

When a baby is born they want to be near their mother or parent most of the time. This is their safe place and the natural habitat of a newborn. However, as the baby becomes more mobile (crawling) and explores their environment they will move farther away from their mother or primary caregiver. They usually come back and check in on a fairly regular basis with mom or primary caregiver. This shows secure attachment of the child to the primary caregiver which is important for their entire life and the relationships they will have.

As children get older, they form more relationships with family, friends, and the community. The parent still plays an important role though as the child grows so that is why using routine opportunities throughout the day to check in is a great way to continue that relationship.

Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/7/1658934620122.png" alt="written by: Monique Koerner - Family and Community Wellness Extension Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. " />
 <figcaption>written by: Monique Koerner - Family and Community Wellness Extension Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. </figcaption>
 </figure>Changing diapers, making lunch, or getting backpacks ready for the next day can seem like mundane chores for parents. However, these can be opportunities in our daily routines that gives parents not only time to spend with their children but also use as a chance to bond and have fun.Families are busy, I get that! Slowing down and taking the opportunity to do a chore with a child not only can help the child bond with the parent or caregiver but the child also learns valuable skills during the process. For example, changing a diaper can be a boring and messy task. However, a parent can take this opportunity to have fun with the child. Singing a song or a saying a fun rhyme can help distract the child from the task but also gives the child an opportunity to engage with their parent or caregiver and learn social emotional skills.Being responsive to children is a key element of bonding with a child. Being responsive means we look at, touch, or talk to our children when they try to get our attention. Children learn to trust us when respond to them and we meet their needs. Dr. Bradford Wiles, K-State Research and Extension Specialist and Associate Professor states, “That bond is really around forming trust between each other (and) having an emotional connection. That feeling of security that is a foundation. Children know that their primary caregiver is a secure base from which they can explore their world. They can always turn back to that secure base.”When a baby is born they want to be near their mother or parent most of the time. This is their safe place and the natural habitat of a newborn. However, as the baby becomes more mobile (crawling) and explores their environment they will move farther away from their mother or primary caregiver. They usually come back and check in on a fairly regular basis with mom or primary caregiver. This shows secure attachment of the child to the primary caregiver which is important for their entire life and the relationships they will have.As children get older, they form more relationships with family, friends, and the community. The parent still plays an important role though as the child grows so that is why using routine opportunities throughout the day to check in is a great way to continue that relationship.Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu.

KOERNER: Responsive parenting

It's that time of year again. Leaves are rapidly falling from deciduous trees so it's a good time to stop and think about options for handling the litter. Although a scattering of leaves won't harm the lawn, excessive cover prevents sunlight from reaching turfgrass plants.&nbsp; Turf left in this state for an extended period will be unable to make the carbohydrates needed to carry it through the winter.&nbsp;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; There are options for dealing with the fallen leaves other than bagging them up and putting them out for the trash collector. Composting is a great way to handle the refuse. Compost can then be used in the vegetable garden and flowerbeds.&nbsp;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; An even easier method of making good use of the leaves is direct incorporation in either vegetable gardens or annual flower beds.&nbsp; Use a lawn mower with a bagging attachment to chop and collect the leaves.&nbsp; Transport them to the garden or bed and apply a 2 to 3 inch layer of leaves on the surface of the soil and then till them in.&nbsp; Repeat the process every couple of weeks until you run out of leaves or the weather becomes too cold or the soil becomes too wet.&nbsp; With luck, you should be able to make 3 to 4 applications this fall.&nbsp;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Another option is to mow the leaves with a mulching mower and let shredded leaves filter into the turf canopy. (A side-discharge mower also will work, but it won't shred the leaves as thoroughly.) This method will be most effective if you do it often enough that leaf litter doesn't become too thick. Mow while you can still see grass peeking through the leaves.&nbsp;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; You may wonder whether this practice will be detrimental to the lawn in the long run. Research at Michigan State University in which they used a mulching mower to shred up to about one pound of leaves per square yard of lawn (one pound is equal to approximately 6 inches of leaves piled on the grass) for five consecutive years, found no long-term effects of the shredded leaves on turf quality, thatch thickness, organic content of the thatch, or soil test results (pH, nutrients, etc.). If you mow leaves and have a cool-season lawn, it makes sense to be on a fall nitrogen fertilization program and core-aerate in the fall (things you should be doing anyway). If you have a warm-season lawn, you can still use this technique but wait to fertilize and core-aerate until next late May or early June.&nbsp;

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>It's that time of year again. Leaves are rapidly falling from deciduous trees so it's a good time to stop and think about options for handling the litter. Although a scattering of leaves won't harm the lawn, excessive cover prevents sunlight from reaching turfgrass plants.&nbsp; Turf left in this state for an extended period will be unable to make the carbohydrates needed to carry it through the winter.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; There are options for dealing with the fallen leaves other than bagging them up and putting them out for the trash collector. Composting is a great way to handle the refuse. Compost can then be used in the vegetable garden and flowerbeds.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; An even easier method of making good use of the leaves is direct incorporation in either vegetable gardens or annual flower beds.&nbsp; Use a lawn mower with a bagging attachment to chop and collect the leaves.&nbsp; Transport them to the garden or bed and apply a 2 to 3 inch layer of leaves on the surface of the soil and then till them in.&nbsp; Repeat the process every couple of weeks until you run out of leaves or the weather becomes too cold or the soil becomes too wet.&nbsp; With luck, you should be able to make 3 to 4 applications this fall.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Another option is to mow the leaves with a mulching mower and let shredded leaves filter into the turf canopy. (A side-discharge mower also will work, but it won't shred the leaves as thoroughly.) This method will be most effective if you do it often enough that leaf litter doesn't become too thick. Mow while you can still see grass peeking through the leaves.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; You may wonder whether this practice will be detrimental to the lawn in the long run. Research at Michigan State University in which they used a mulching mower to shred up to about one pound of leaves per square yard of lawn (one pound is equal to approximately 6 inches of leaves piled on the grass) for five consecutive years, found no long-term effects of the shredded leaves on turf quality, thatch thickness, organic content of the thatch, or soil test results (pH, nutrients, etc.). If you mow leaves and have a cool-season lawn, it makes sense to be on a fall nitrogen fertilization program and core-aerate in the fall (things you should be doing anyway). If you have a warm-season lawn, you can still use this technique but wait to fertilize and core-aerate until next late May or early June.&nbsp;Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910&nbsp;

BOOR: What to do with tree leaves 

Soils across Kansas are still running above 50°F at the 4-inch depth in most locations. It is best to delay application of anhydrous ammonia until soil temperatures drop below this threshold. Applying anhydrous ammonia in the fall ahead of the next corn crop has some appeal to producers. For one thing, fall fertilizer application spreads out the workload in the spring. Secondly, wet conditions in the spring sometimes prevents producers from applying lower-cost anhydrous ammonia ahead of corn planting, and forces them to apply more expensive sources after planting. Equally important for many producers have been issues with anhydrous ammonia availability at times in the spring.

Despite those advantages, producers should be aware that there is potential for higher nitrogen (N) loss in the spring following a fall application, as a result of nitrification of the ammonium during late winter and very early spring and subsequent leaching, or denitrification.

Reactions of anhydrous ammonia in the soil - when anhydrous ammonia is applied to the soil, a large portion of the ammonia is converted to ammonium (NH4+), and can be bound to clay and organic matter particles within the soil. As long as the nitrogen remains in the ammonium form, it can be retained on the clay and organic matter, and does not readily move in most soils; except sandy soils where leaching is a concern.

At soil temperatures above freezing, nitrification occurs - ammonium is converted by specific soil microbes into nitrate-N (NO3-). Since this is a microbial reaction, it is very strongly influenced by soil temperatures. The higher the temperature, the quicker the conversion will occur. Depending on soil temperature, pH, and moisture content, it can take 2-3 months or longer to convert all the ammonia applied in the fall to nitrate.

By delaying application until cold weather, most of the applied N can enter the winter as ammonium, and over-winter losses of the applied N will be minimal.

Producers should wait until soil temperatures are less than 50 °F at a depth of 4 inches before applying ammonia in the fall or early winter. Nitrification does not cease below 50 °F, but rather soils will likely become cold enough to limit the nitrification process.

The use of a nitrification inhibitor can help reduce N losses from fall N applications under specific conditions, particularly during periods when soil temperatures warm back up for a period after application.

One should also consider soil physical properties when considering fall application. Fall applications of N for corn should not be made on sandy soils prone to leaching, particularly those over shallow, unprotected aquifers. Rather, fall N applications should focus on deep, medium- to heavy-textured soils where water movement through the profile is slower.

When is nitrogen lost? When considering fall application of N, keep in mind that loss of N during the fall and winter is not normally a problem in Kansas. The conversion of “protected” ammonium to “loss prone” nitrate during the fall and winter can be minimized by waiting to make applications until soils have cooled, and by using products such as nitrification inhibitors. The fact that essentially all the N may remain in the soil as ammonium all winter, coupled with our dry winters, means minimal N is likely to be lost over winter.

However, soils often warm up early in the spring and allow nitrification to get started well before corn planting. Generally, if the wheat is greening up, nitrification has begun! Thus, one of the potential downsides of fall application is that nitrification can begin in early March, and essentially be complete by late May and June.

Summary - if anhydrous ammonia is to be applied in the fall, there are a number of factors that must be considered, including soil texture, temperature, and soil moisture. Consider the following guidelines:

· Do not apply anhydrous ammonia in the fall on sandy soils.

· On silt loam or heavier-textured soils, wait to apply anhydrous ammonia until soil temperatures at the 4-inch depth are below 50 °F. Grass covered 2-inch depth typically reaches the 50 mark around the 20th of November in central Kansas. You can expect the 4-inch depth to lag behind that date depending on soil type and earlier if the ground is bare.

· Use a nitrification inhibitor with anhydrous ammonia to help reduce fall nitrification.

· To check the soil temperature in your area, visit the K-State Research and Extension Weather Data Library at: http://mesonet.k-state.edu/agriculture/soiltemp/

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574181994278.png" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Soils across Kansas are still running above 50°F at the 4-inch depth in most locations. It is best to delay application of anhydrous ammonia until soil temperatures drop below this threshold. Applying anhydrous ammonia in the fall ahead of the next corn crop has some appeal to producers. For one thing, fall fertilizer application spreads out the workload in the spring. Secondly, wet conditions in the spring sometimes prevents producers from applying lower-cost anhydrous ammonia ahead of corn planting, and forces them to apply more expensive sources after planting. Equally important for many producers have been issues with anhydrous ammonia availability at times in the spring.Despite those advantages, producers should be aware that there is potential for higher nitrogen (N) loss in the spring following a fall application, as a result of nitrification of the ammonium during late winter and very early spring and subsequent leaching, or denitrification.Reactions of anhydrous ammonia in the soil - when anhydrous ammonia is applied to the soil, a large portion of the ammonia is converted to ammonium (NH4+), and can be bound to clay and organic matter particles within the soil. As long as the nitrogen remains in the ammonium form, it can be retained on the clay and organic matter, and does not readily move in most soils; except sandy soils where leaching is a concern.At soil temperatures above freezing, nitrification occurs - ammonium is converted by specific soil microbes into nitrate-N (NO3-). Since this is a microbial reaction, it is very strongly influenced by soil temperatures. The higher the temperature, the quicker the conversion will occur. Depending on soil temperature, pH, and moisture content, it can take 2-3 months or longer to convert all the ammonia applied in the fall to nitrate.By delaying application until cold weather, most of the applied N can enter the winter as ammonium, and over-winter losses of the applied N will be minimal.Producers should wait until soil temperatures are less than 50 °F at a depth of 4 inches before applying ammonia in the fall or early winter. Nitrification does not cease below 50 °F, but rather soils will likely become cold enough to limit the nitrification process.The use of a nitrification inhibitor can help reduce N losses from fall N applications under specific conditions, particularly during periods when soil temperatures warm back up for a period after application.One should also consider soil physical properties when considering fall application. Fall applications of N for corn should not be made on sandy soils prone to leaching, particularly those over shallow, unprotected aquifers. Rather, fall N applications should focus on deep, medium- to heavy-textured soils where water movement through the profile is slower.When is nitrogen lost? When considering fall application of N, keep in mind that loss of N during the fall and winter is not normally a problem in Kansas. The conversion of “protected” ammonium to “loss prone” nitrate during the fall and winter can be minimized by waiting to make applications until soils have cooled, and by using products such as nitrification inhibitors. The fact that essentially all the N may remain in the soil as ammonium all winter, coupled with our dry winters, means minimal N is likely to be lost over winter.However, soils often warm up early in the spring and allow nitrification to get started well before corn planting. Generally, if the wheat is greening up, nitrification has begun! Thus, one of the potential downsides of fall application is that nitrification can begin in early March, and essentially be complete by late May and June.Summary - if anhydrous ammonia is to be applied in the fall, there are a number of factors that must be considered, including soil texture, temperature, and soil moisture. Consider the following guidelines:· Do not apply anhydrous ammonia in the fall on sandy soils.· On silt loam or heavier-textured soils, wait to apply anhydrous ammonia until soil temperatures at the 4-inch depth are below 50 °F. Grass covered 2-inch depth typically reaches the 50 mark around the 20th of November in central Kansas. You can expect the 4-inch depth to lag behind that date depending on soil type and earlier if the ground is bare.· Use a nitrification inhibitor with anhydrous ammonia to help reduce fall nitrification.· To check the soil temperature in your area, visit the K-State Research and Extension Weather Data Library at: http://mesonet.k-state.edu/agriculture/soiltemp/

CAMPBELL: Considerations for fall applications of anhydrous ammonia

While we often think of 4-H in terms of events such as the county fair or club days, the formula for youth development as 4-H is so much more!

Like all other Research and Extension information, positive youth development is based on considerable documentation including the research of Lerner and Lerner in the “Comprehensive Findings of 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development (Tufts University 2013)” and Brendtro, Brokenleg, and Van Bockern in “Reclaiming Youth at Risk: Our Hope for the Future”, among others.

Based on this research, the WHY for 4-H includes developing a sense of belonging, mastery, independence, and generosity. Each of our activities and events include facets of these. Working on a project helps youth to find and develop skills, work independently as they progress, and learn to share their skills and knowledge with others. A fair entry is the result of project learning and provides feedback for appropriate level of mastery, working independently, and working together for learning and sharing.

Kansas 4-H offers 40 different project areas grouped into STEM and Agriculture, Communication and the Arts, Healthy Living, and Community Vitality which offers leadership and civic engagement. Each of these project areas have research-based curriculum to provide opportunities for learning and growth. Each project area also includes opportunities for youth to practice communication, leadership, and civic engagement skills.

One focus of the 4-H Formula is to have an impact on youth by developing life-long learners with an empathetic and curious view of the world. Another is to develop youth with good communication skills which are crucial no matter your job or career. Providing opportunities to understand how to collaborate with peers and adults in a positive manner is another goal.

One of my favorite goals of the 4-H Formula brings all of these pieces together by developing youth who have the skills and knowledge to contribute to their communities. I often say that 4-H is important to develop the next generation of leaders so that our rural communities don’t just survive but thrive!

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/1/1579114162620.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>While we often think of 4-H in terms of events such as the county fair or club days, the formula for youth development as 4-H is so much more!Like all other Research and Extension information, positive youth development is based on considerable documentation including the research of Lerner and Lerner in the “Comprehensive Findings of 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development (Tufts University 2013)” and Brendtro, Brokenleg, and Van Bockern in “Reclaiming Youth at Risk: Our Hope for the Future”, among others.Based on this research, the WHY for 4-H includes developing a sense of belonging, mastery, independence, and generosity. Each of our activities and events include facets of these. Working on a project helps youth to find and develop skills, work independently as they progress, and learn to share their skills and knowledge with others. A fair entry is the result of project learning and provides feedback for appropriate level of mastery, working independently, and working together for learning and sharing.Kansas 4-H offers 40 different project areas grouped into STEM and Agriculture, Communication and the Arts, Healthy Living, and Community Vitality which offers leadership and civic engagement. Each of these project areas have research-based curriculum to provide opportunities for learning and growth. Each project area also includes opportunities for youth to practice communication, leadership, and civic engagement skills.One focus of the 4-H Formula is to have an impact on youth by developing life-long learners with an empathetic and curious view of the world. Another is to develop youth with good communication skills which are crucial no matter your job or career. Providing opportunities to understand how to collaborate with peers and adults in a positive manner is another goal.One of my favorite goals of the 4-H Formula brings all of these pieces together by developing youth who have the skills and knowledge to contribute to their communities. I often say that 4-H is important to develop the next generation of leaders so that our rural communities don’t just survive but thrive!Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness.Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.

BERAN: 4-H formula much more than county fairs

By DONNA KRUG Cottonwood Extension District

I am excited about the future here in the Cottonwood Extension District. As I have announced my retirement date of February 3, 2023, it is time to begin the search for a new District Director.

The Cottonwood Extension District Executive Board&nbsp;is looking for an energetic person with managerial and leadership skills to fill the District Director position. The Director serves as the administrative leader of budget and fiscal operations as well as personnel management of local staff&nbsp;of seven agents and several support staff.&nbsp;This position will also have programming responsibilities for community vitality.

The Director&nbsp;will lead the development, implementation and evaluation of research-based educational programming to&nbsp;help our communities become a better place for people in the Cottonwood District to live, work, and play.&nbsp;Programming may include: First Impressions; Kansas PRIDE; community health promotion; leadership development; entrepreneurship; grant writing and management; and local food systems.

The primary office is negotiable between Great Bend and Hays. Applications will be accepted through November 15th. A position description and online application is available at:&nbsp;ksre.ksu.edu/jobs&nbsp;If&nbsp;you or someone you know is interested in this position encourage them to apply.

The Cottonwood District has an exciting future with opportunities to become engaged in community partnerships. Come and make a difference alongside us!

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/10/1666964910087.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By DONNA KRUG Cottonwood Extension DistrictI am excited about the future here in the Cottonwood Extension District. As I have announced my retirement date of February 3, 2023, it is time to begin the search for a new District Director.The Cottonwood Extension District Executive Board&nbsp;is looking for an energetic person with managerial and leadership skills to fill the District Director position. The Director serves as the administrative leader of budget and fiscal operations as well as personnel management of local staff&nbsp;of seven agents and several support staff.&nbsp;This position will also have programming responsibilities for community vitality.The Director&nbsp;will lead the development, implementation and evaluation of research-based educational programming to&nbsp;help our communities become a better place for people in the Cottonwood District to live, work, and play.&nbsp;Programming may include: First Impressions; Kansas PRIDE; community health promotion; leadership development; entrepreneurship; grant writing and management; and local food systems.The primary office is negotiable between Great Bend and Hays. Applications will be accepted through November 15th. A position description and online application is available at:&nbsp;ksre.ksu.edu/jobs&nbsp;If&nbsp;you or someone you know is interested in this position encourage them to apply.The Cottonwood District has an exciting future with opportunities to become engaged in community partnerships. Come and make a difference alongside us!

District Director sought for Cottonwood Extension

Halloween was always a fun time of the year for my family because one of my children was born early on a Halloween morning. I just barely got the October baby I wanted! Below are some helpful tips for keeping children of all ages healthy and safe. The American Academy of Pediatrics suggests the following tips:

Costumes · Plan costumes that are bright, reflective, and flame resistant. Consider adding reflective tape or striping to costumes and trick-or-treat bags for greater visibility.

· Make sure that shoes and hats fit well, and that costumes are short enough to prevent tripping, entanglement, or contact with flame and hats don’t cover the eyes, blocking vision. · Consider non-toxic makeup and decorative hats as safer alternatives to masks.

· Avoid any sharp or long swords, canes, or sticks as a costume accessory. Your child can easily be hurt by these accessories if he or she stumbles or trips. · Do not use decorative contact lenses without an eye examination and a prescription from an eye care professional.

Pumpkins · Never allow small children to carve pumpkins. Children can draw a face with markers. Then parents can do the cutting, using small knives to prevent injury.

· Consider using a flashlight or glow stick instead of a candle to light your pumpkin. If you do use a candle, a votive candle is safest.

· Do not place candlelit pumpkins on a porch or any path where visitors may pass close by and do not leave them unattended.

On the trick-or-treat trail · Reduce pedestrian injury―the most common injury to children on Halloween.

o Stay in a group and communicate where they will be going.

o Use well-lit streets and the sidewalk as well as marked crosswalks.

o If no sidewalk is available, walk at the far edge of the roadway facing traffic.

o Never cross between parked cars or out of driveways.

o Don't assume the right of way. Motorists may have trouble seeing trick-or-treaters. Just because one car stops, doesn't mean others will!

Healthy Halloween · Give your child a balanced meal prior to parties and trick-or-treating; this will discourage filling up on Halloween treats.

· Consider offering non-edible goodies. Some suggestions are items such as glow sticks, spider rings, vampire fangs, pencils, bubbles, bouncy balls, finger puppets, whistles, bookmarks, stickers and stencils.

· Keep an eye on what your child has in their mouth at all times. As all parents know, babies and toddlers will put just about anything into their mouths!

· Try to ration treats for the days and weeks following Halloween. Plan together so everyone knows what to expect. It's also a great opportunity to teach your kids about moderation and balance.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/7/1658934620122.png" alt="written by: Monique Koerner - Family and Community Wellness Extension Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. " />
 <figcaption>written by: Monique Koerner - Family and Community Wellness Extension Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. </figcaption>
 </figure>Halloween was always a fun time of the year for my family because one of my children was born early on a Halloween morning. I just barely got the October baby I wanted! Below are some helpful tips for keeping children of all ages healthy and safe. The American Academy of Pediatrics suggests the following tips:Costumes · Plan costumes that are bright, reflective, and flame resistant. Consider adding reflective tape or striping to costumes and trick-or-treat bags for greater visibility.· Make sure that shoes and hats fit well, and that costumes are short enough to prevent tripping, entanglement, or contact with flame and hats don’t cover the eyes, blocking vision. · Consider non-toxic makeup and decorative hats as safer alternatives to masks.· Avoid any sharp or long swords, canes, or sticks as a costume accessory. Your child can easily be hurt by these accessories if he or she stumbles or trips. · Do not use decorative contact lenses without an eye examination and a prescription from an eye care professional.Pumpkins · Never allow small children to carve pumpkins. Children can draw a face with markers. Then parents can do the cutting, using small knives to prevent injury.· Consider using a flashlight or glow stick instead of a candle to light your pumpkin. If you do use a candle, a votive candle is safest.· Do not place candlelit pumpkins on a porch or any path where visitors may pass close by and do not leave them unattended.On the trick-or-treat trail · Reduce pedestrian injury―the most common injury to children on Halloween.o Stay in a group and communicate where they will be going.o Use well-lit streets and the sidewalk as well as marked crosswalks.o If no sidewalk is available, walk at the far edge of the roadway facing traffic.o Never cut across yards or use alleys.o Never cross between parked cars or out of driveways.o Don't assume the right of way. Motorists may have trouble seeing trick-or-treaters. Just because one car stops, doesn't mean others will!Healthy Halloween · Give your child a balanced meal prior to parties and trick-or-treating; this will discourage filling up on Halloween treats.· Consider offering non-edible goodies. Some suggestions are items such as glow sticks, spider rings, vampire fangs, pencils, bubbles, bouncy balls, finger puppets, whistles, bookmarks, stickers and stencils.· Keep an eye on what your child has in their mouth at all times. As all parents know, babies and toddlers will put just about anything into their mouths!· Try to ration treats for the days and weeks following Halloween. Plan together so everyone knows what to expect. It's also a great opportunity to teach your kids about moderation and balance.

KOERNER: Halloween health & safety tips

The severe drought has affected most aspects of our lives. Crops are struggling and water is scarce for livestock. In Barton County, is also means that there is little water at Cheyenne Bottoms, the largest inland marsh in the United States and a major resting point for many migratory birds on their way South. So, what happens when the Bottoms has little to no water? Where do the birds go? And when will they come back? How does this effect other wildlife, and subsequent hunting, in the area?

On Nov. 8, starting at 6 PM, join K-State Research and Extension at Cheyenne Bottoms Education Center, located at 592 NE K 156 Hwy, Great Bend, KS for a program over wildlife and the drought. Drew Ricketts, KSRE Wildlife Specialist, will talk about how drought affects the pheasant population and migration patterns of waterfowl. Chip Redmond, assistant meteorologist for the KSU Weather Data Library and manager of the Kansas Mesonet will be showing us the drought patterns and the weather outlook for the next year. We will also have Mike Oldham, Wildlife Refuge Manager at Quivira and Tom Bidrowski from Cheyenne Bottoms on hand to answer questions about the wetlands areas.

There is no fee to attend, but we do need an RSVP for a meal count by Nov. 4. Contact Alicia Boor at aboor@ksu.edu or 620-793-1910, or Wendy Hughes at wshughes@ksu.edu or 620-257-5131. This program is sponsored by Eldridge Fencing, Kansas Trophy Experience, The Original Kansas Trophy Whitetails, and Fowl Plains.

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>The severe drought has affected most aspects of our lives. Crops are struggling and water is scarce for livestock. In Barton County, is also means that there is little water at Cheyenne Bottoms, the largest inland marsh in the United States and a major resting point for many migratory birds on their way South. So, what happens when the Bottoms has little to no water? Where do the birds go? And when will they come back? How does this effect other wildlife, and subsequent hunting, in the area?On Nov. 8, starting at 6 PM, join K-State Research and Extension at Cheyenne Bottoms Education Center, located at 592 NE K 156 Hwy, Great Bend, KS for a program over wildlife and the drought. Drew Ricketts, KSRE Wildlife Specialist, will talk about how drought affects the pheasant population and migration patterns of waterfowl. Chip Redmond, assistant meteorologist for the KSU Weather Data Library and manager of the Kansas Mesonet will be showing us the drought patterns and the weather outlook for the next year. We will also have Mike Oldham, Wildlife Refuge Manager at Quivira and Tom Bidrowski from Cheyenne Bottoms on hand to answer questions about the wetlands areas.There is no fee to attend, but we do need an RSVP for a meal count by Nov. 4. Contact Alicia Boor at aboor@ksu.edu or 620-793-1910, or Wendy Hughes at wshughes@ksu.edu or 620-257-5131. This program is sponsored by Eldridge Fencing, Kansas Trophy Experience, The Original Kansas Trophy Whitetails, and Fowl Plains.Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

BOOR: Drought and wildlife

I fully understand that drought covered a vast majority of Kansas, including Barton County and the surrounding area. But I figured it never hurts to inform farmers of this opportunity. Irrigated soybeans are always an option and sometimes certain areas get an extra rain or two during the growing season that might have made for an above average soybean crop.

The Kansas Soybean Association is calling all soybean farmers in Kansas to enter their competitive soybean crop into the Kansas Soybean Yield Contest by December 1.

New to the 2022 Yield and Value Contests, the Kansas Soybean Association will sponsor three participants to attend Commodity Classic in March 2023. First place in both contests, as well as one randomly drawn participant who entered both contests, earn the trip.

The Kansas Soybean Commission sponsors a monetary prize for the top three finishers in each district, as well as an additional $1,000 for the overall dryland and irrigated winners and any who top the 114.3 bushel-per-acre record. The amounts per district are that first place receives $300, second receives $200, and third receives $100. All participants receive a T-shirt for entering.

Districts are determined by region, tillage method, and irrigation status, with a total of 18 districts in consideration. No-till on the Plains supplies additional awards in the no-till categories. Farmers may enter multiple categories, but only one entry per field.

Eligible fields must consist of at least five contiguous acres as verified by the Farm Service Agency, GPS printout or manual measurement. A non-relative witness, either Kansas State Research and Extension personnel or a specified designee, must be present at harvest and should ensure that the combine grain hopper is empty prior to harvest. Official elevator-scale tickets with moisture percentage and foreign matter included must accompany entries to be considered.

The statewide Kansas Soybean Value Contest that analyzes protein, oil and other soybean qualities is also open for entries. Entrants submit 20-ounce samples, which are evaluated by Ag Processing, Inc. to determine the value. Monetary awards are also given to the three highest-value entries. Farmers may enter both the yield and value contests.

Results of the contests are to be shared January 11, 2023, at the Kansas Soybean Expo in Topeka.

A full guide of contest rules and regulations, as well as the digital entry form, are available at kansassoybeans.org/association/contests/. Questions may be directed to the Kansas Soybean office by phone at 877-KS-SOYBEAN (877-577-6923) or to local KSRE offices.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574181994278.png" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>I fully understand that drought covered a vast majority of Kansas, including Barton County and the surrounding area. But I figured it never hurts to inform farmers of this opportunity. Irrigated soybeans are always an option and sometimes certain areas get an extra rain or two during the growing season that might have made for an above average soybean crop.The Kansas Soybean Association is calling all soybean farmers in Kansas to enter their competitive soybean crop into the Kansas Soybean Yield Contest by December 1.New to the 2022 Yield and Value Contests, the Kansas Soybean Association will sponsor three participants to attend Commodity Classic in March 2023. First place in both contests, as well as one randomly drawn participant who entered both contests, earn the trip.The Kansas Soybean Commission sponsors a monetary prize for the top three finishers in each district, as well as an additional $1,000 for the overall dryland and irrigated winners and any who top the 114.3 bushel-per-acre record. The amounts per district are that first place receives $300, second receives $200, and third receives $100. All participants receive a T-shirt for entering.Districts are determined by region, tillage method, and irrigation status, with a total of 18 districts in consideration. No-till on the Plains supplies additional awards in the no-till categories. Farmers may enter multiple categories, but only one entry per field.Eligible fields must consist of at least five contiguous acres as verified by the Farm Service Agency, GPS printout or manual measurement. A non-relative witness, either Kansas State Research and Extension personnel or a specified designee, must be present at harvest and should ensure that the combine grain hopper is empty prior to harvest. Official elevator-scale tickets with moisture percentage and foreign matter included must accompany entries to be considered.The statewide Kansas Soybean Value Contest that analyzes protein, oil and other soybean qualities is also open for entries. Entrants submit 20-ounce samples, which are evaluated by Ag Processing, Inc. to determine the value. Monetary awards are also given to the three highest-value entries. Farmers may enter both the yield and value contests.Results of the contests are to be shared January 11, 2023, at the Kansas Soybean Expo in Topeka.A full guide of contest rules and regulations, as well as the digital entry form, are available at kansassoybeans.org/association/contests/. Questions may be directed to the Kansas Soybean office by phone at 877-KS-SOYBEAN (877-577-6923) or to local KSRE offices.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: 2022 Kansas soybean yield and value contests

We all have stress. Did you know there are different kinds of stress? There are good kinds of stress that help us meet deadlines or get where we need to be. It is typically short term and subsides after the event. There is also stress that lasts for long periods of time or is severe, such as a divorce or a move. This is called chronic or toxic stress. Toxic stress can affect not only our mental health but also our physical health because that stress response stays elevated and wears out the body. This may leave a person feeling overwhelmed and affect their bodily systems.

Stress management starts with identifying the sources of life’s stressors. This may not be as easy as it sounds as sometimes the sources of stress may not be so obvious. For example, it might be your time management that causes stress—NOT the demands of your duty! To identify true sources of stress, it is important to look at your habits, attitude and excuses. Then, ask yourself: Can I eliminate the source of my stress? What are some healthier methods of managing and coping with my stress? You can either change your reaction or change the situation. In addition to a take-charge approach and positive attitude, you can reduce stress by nurturing yourself with a healthy lifestyle and by making time for fun and relaxation. This will help you be in a better place when life’s stressors come knocking.

Taking time for yourself and doing something you enjoy everyday can also be important in not only stress reduction but just taking care of yourself both mentally and physically. What do you enjoy doing? Some people enjoy taking a walk every day. Some people may find any form of exercise a stress reliever. Other people may find that doing some sort of art or craft relaxing. The important thing is finding something that works for you and makes you feel happy or makes you laugh. Laughing can be a huge stress reliever.

If you would like more information on stress relief, feel free to contact the office to obtain the fact sheet on Stress Management.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/7/1658934620122.png" alt="written by: Monique Koerner - Family and Community Wellness Extension Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. " />
 <figcaption>written by: Monique Koerner - Family and Community Wellness Extension Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. </figcaption>
 </figure>We all have stress. Did you know there are different kinds of stress? There are good kinds of stress that help us meet deadlines or get where we need to be. It is typically short term and subsides after the event. There is also stress that lasts for long periods of time or is severe, such as a divorce or a move. This is called chronic or toxic stress. Toxic stress can affect not only our mental health but also our physical health because that stress response stays elevated and wears out the body. This may leave a person feeling overwhelmed and affect their bodily systems.Stress management starts with identifying the sources of life’s stressors. This may not be as easy as it sounds as sometimes the sources of stress may not be so obvious. For example, it might be your time management that causes stress—NOT the demands of your duty! To identify true sources of stress, it is important to look at your habits, attitude and excuses. Then, ask yourself: Can I eliminate the source of my stress? What are some healthier methods of managing and coping with my stress? You can either change your reaction or change the situation. In addition to a take-charge approach and positive attitude, you can reduce stress by nurturing yourself with a healthy lifestyle and by making time for fun and relaxation. This will help you be in a better place when life’s stressors come knocking.Taking time for yourself and doing something you enjoy everyday can also be important in not only stress reduction but just taking care of yourself both mentally and physically. What do you enjoy doing? Some people enjoy taking a walk every day. Some people may find any form of exercise a stress reliever. Other people may find that doing some sort of art or craft relaxing. The important thing is finding something that works for you and makes you feel happy or makes you laugh. Laughing can be a huge stress reliever.If you would like more information on stress relief, feel free to contact the office to obtain the fact sheet on Stress Management.Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu.