Field bindweed is difficult to control, especially for homeowners, but there are options.

Home Vegetable Gardens: Weed control requires taking the treated portion of the garden out of production for a time.

Glyphosate - Glyphosate is sold under a wide variety of names, the most common being Roundup. Take the garden out of production when treating.1. Glyphosate is a non-selective herbicide that will kill whatever it hits but is inactivated when it contacts the soil.2. Glyphosate is most effective when applied to bindweed that is at or beyond full bloom. You can treat earlier but don't skip the late summer to fall application.3. Do not apply to bindweed that is under moisture stress or not growing well.

Turf: Selective herbicides are available. An herbicide with the trade name of Drive (quinclorac) is now packaged in homeowner combination herbicides such as Fertilome Weed-Out with Q, Ortho Weed-B-Gon Max + Crabgrass Control, Monterey Crab-E-Rad Plus, and Bayer All-in-One Lawn Weed and Crabgrass Killer.

Commercial applicators can also use Drive (quinclorac) as well as Q4 (contains quinclorac). Products with Drive work better than glyphosate and are selective. Note that lawns treated with Drive should not use clippings in compost or as a mulch since Drive is very stable on grass clippings. &nbsp;We recommend clippings be returned to the lawn anyway but if they are bagged, they should be discarded. Do not apply products with Drive over exposed roots of trees and ornamentals. It would be best to avoid spraying beneath the canopy of any trees to avoid possible damage. If there are plans to convert a section of lawn to a vegetable garden, do not use Drive on that area. Eggplants can be damaged if planted within 12 months of areas treated with Drive, and tomatoes can be damaged if planted within 24 months. &nbsp;Shrub Beds: Use a spray of glyphosate between plants. Use a shield if spraying near plants to keep spray from contacting green plant material. Remember, glyphosate will hurt your shrubs if it contacts green tissue.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;

It is possible to control field bindweed by pulling, but you must be extremely persistent. I remember reading a study from the 1940s that found that bindweed produces enough energy to start strengthening the roots when it reached the six-leaf stage. So, if pulling, never allow plants to produce more than six leaves. Lauren Fick is the Horticulture Extension Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. If you have questions, she can be contacted by e-mail at lfick@k-state.edu or by phone at 785-628-9430 or 620-793-1910. K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.&nbsp;&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/2/1580750915301.jpeg" alt="written by: Lauren Fick - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Lauren Fick - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Field bindweed is difficult to control, especially for homeowners, but there are options.Home Vegetable Gardens: Weed control requires taking the treated portion of the garden out of production for a time.Glyphosate - Glyphosate is sold under a wide variety of names, the most common being Roundup. Take the garden out of production when treating.1. Glyphosate is a non-selective herbicide that will kill whatever it hits but is inactivated when it contacts the soil.2. Glyphosate is most effective when applied to bindweed that is at or beyond full bloom. You can treat earlier but don't skip the late summer to fall application.3. Do not apply to bindweed that is under moisture stress or not growing well.Turf: Selective herbicides are available. An herbicide with the trade name of Drive (quinclorac) is now packaged in homeowner combination herbicides such as Fertilome Weed-Out with Q, Ortho Weed-B-Gon Max + Crabgrass Control, Monterey Crab-E-Rad Plus, and Bayer All-in-One Lawn Weed and Crabgrass Killer.Commercial applicators can also use Drive (quinclorac) as well as Q4 (contains quinclorac). Products with Drive work better than glyphosate and are selective. Note that lawns treated with Drive should not use clippings in compost or as a mulch since Drive is very stable on grass clippings. &nbsp;We recommend clippings be returned to the lawn anyway but if they are bagged, they should be discarded. Do not apply products with Drive over exposed roots of trees and ornamentals. It would be best to avoid spraying beneath the canopy of any trees to avoid possible damage. If there are plans to convert a section of lawn to a vegetable garden, do not use Drive on that area. Eggplants can be damaged if planted within 12 months of areas treated with Drive, and tomatoes can be damaged if planted within 24 months. &nbsp;Shrub Beds: Use a spray of glyphosate between plants. Use a shield if spraying near plants to keep spray from contacting green plant material. Remember, glyphosate will hurt your shrubs if it contacts green tissue.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;It is possible to control field bindweed by pulling, but you must be extremely persistent. I remember reading a study from the 1940s that found that bindweed produces enough energy to start strengthening the roots when it reached the six-leaf stage. So, if pulling, never allow plants to produce more than six leaves. Lauren Fick is the Horticulture Extension Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. If you have questions, she can be contacted by e-mail at lfick@k-state.edu or by phone at 785-628-9430 or 620-793-1910. K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.&nbsp;&nbsp;

​FICK: Field bindweed control

Earlier this week we had an opportunity to host one of our first face-to-face events since early in 2020. Our Program Development Committee members in the Cottonwood District gathered to share ideas that will help our team members better serve our communities. Our local extension program is a partnership of K-State Research and Extension and residents of Ellis and Barton Counties. Residents can become active partners by serving as members of a program development committee, or PDC.

The four core areas served by our PDC’s include:

· Agriculture and Natural Resources · Community Development · Family and Consumer Sciences · 4-H Youth Development

We opened our time together by sharing the results of a survey we had asked members to complete prior to the meeting. Survey questions were developed to help us determine how our participants prefer getting Extension educational information. E-mail ranked first but face-to-face meetings actually came in ahead of Zoom. Like many of you some days I have “Zoom fatigue.” Participants, young and old, prefer to meet in person whenever possible.

Many factors influence how our program participants respond or participate. A busy mom may only have a few minutes at the end of the day when the kids are in bed, to check out information we post on the Cottonwood Facebook page. Or perhaps a farmer has short breaks during their day to respond to something on Twitter. Still others continue to enjoy the articles we send to the newsletter or the post each week. We also have a monthly electronic newsletter, The Cottonwood Connection, that is posted to our web site or sent directly to people who have shared their e-mail address with us.

Here in the Cottonwood Extension District we will continue to seek out the best way to share the research-based information you have come to expect and appreciate. We will continue to identify the needs and issues of agricultural producers, communities, families and youth. We are always looking for audiences in the district who are not being served and will develop a proactive plan to engage them.

Serving on a program development committee is an opportunity for individuals who have an interest in helping their local communities and who would like to develop their personal leadership skills. If you would like to serve on a PDC in the Cottonwood District, please contact me.

Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkru@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141404420.png" alt="written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Earlier this week we had an opportunity to host one of our first face-to-face events since early in 2020. Our Program Development Committee members in the Cottonwood District gathered to share ideas that will help our team members better serve our communities. Our local extension program is a partnership of K-State Research and Extension and residents of Ellis and Barton Counties. Residents can become active partners by serving as members of a program development committee, or PDC.The four core areas served by our PDC’s include:· Agriculture and Natural Resources · Community Development · Family and Consumer Sciences · 4-H Youth DevelopmentWe opened our time together by sharing the results of a survey we had asked members to complete prior to the meeting. Survey questions were developed to help us determine how our participants prefer getting Extension educational information. E-mail ranked first but face-to-face meetings actually came in ahead of Zoom. Like many of you some days I have “Zoom fatigue.” Participants, young and old, prefer to meet in person whenever possible.Many factors influence how our program participants respond or participate. A busy mom may only have a few minutes at the end of the day when the kids are in bed, to check out information we post on the Cottonwood Facebook page. Or perhaps a farmer has short breaks during their day to respond to something on Twitter. Still others continue to enjoy the articles we send to the newsletter or the post each week. We also have a monthly electronic newsletter, The Cottonwood Connection, that is posted to our web site or sent directly to people who have shared their e-mail address with us.Here in the Cottonwood Extension District we will continue to seek out the best way to share the research-based information you have come to expect and appreciate. We will continue to identify the needs and issues of agricultural producers, communities, families and youth. We are always looking for audiences in the district who are not being served and will develop a proactive plan to engage them.Serving on a program development committee is an opportunity for individuals who have an interest in helping their local communities and who would like to develop their personal leadership skills. If you would like to serve on a PDC in the Cottonwood District, please contact me.Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkru@ksu.edu.

KRUG: Promoting the mission of K-State Research and Extension

All fertilizers are salts and can cause germination problems if too much is placed with the seed. Too much fertilizer may inhibit germination completely, which results in a loss of stand. In other instances, too much fertilizer placed with the seed may simply delay germination, or it may result in weak seedlings with poorly developed root systems. In either case, the affected seedlings will be at a competitive disadvantage and a loss of yield potential may result.

Several points should be kept in mind when evaluating seed-placed fertilizer.

- Soil between the seed and the fertilizer band provides a buffer.

- The potential for injury from seed-applied fertilizer is greater for sandy and/or dry soils.

- Certain types of fertilizers should never be applied with the seed, even at low rates. No urea-containing fertilizer (urea, UAN solution) should be placed in direct seed contact. The hydrolysis of urea to ammonia can result in ammonia toxicity to seedlings.

- Reduce rates 30 percent for grain sorghum. We suggest no seed placed fertilizer for soybeans, sunflowers, or dry beans.

The amount of fertilizer Nitrogen (N) plus Potassium (K2O) applied in direct seed contact should not exceed the values presented in the above table. These guidelines are relatively conservative. Some producers have gotten by with using higher rates at times. However, rates higher than those in this table have real potential for causing germination problems in some years.

If N and Phosphorus (P) are applied without any K2O, such as using 11-52-0 or 10-34-0 then rates can be increased. In corn on 30 inch rows in medium to fine textured soils, the maximum amount of fertilizer that can be safely applied with the seed is 72 lbs./ac of 11-52-0 and 6.9 gal/ac of 10-34-0. In sandy or dry soils 54 lbs./ac of 11-52-0 and 5.2 gal/ac of 10-34-0. In grain sorghum, 30 inch rows in medium to fine textured soils 50 lbs./ac of 11-52-0 and 4.9 gal/ac of 10-34-0. In sandy or dry soils 38 lbs./ac of 11-52-0 and 3.6 gal/ac of 10-34-0. Remember this is assuming no added potassium (K20).

Stacy Campbell is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or calling 785-628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2021/4/1618849665392.jpeg" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>All fertilizers are salts and can cause germination problems if too much is placed with the seed. Too much fertilizer may inhibit germination completely, which results in a loss of stand. In other instances, too much fertilizer placed with the seed may simply delay germination, or it may result in weak seedlings with poorly developed root systems. In either case, the affected seedlings will be at a competitive disadvantage and a loss of yield potential may result.Several points should be kept in mind when evaluating seed-placed fertilizer.- Soil between the seed and the fertilizer band provides a buffer.- The potential for injury from seed-applied fertilizer is greater for sandy and/or dry soils.- Certain types of fertilizers should never be applied with the seed, even at low rates. No urea-containing fertilizer (urea, UAN solution) should be placed in direct seed contact. The hydrolysis of urea to ammonia can result in ammonia toxicity to seedlings.- Reduce rates 30 percent for grain sorghum. We suggest no seed placed fertilizer for soybeans, sunflowers, or dry beans.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2021/4/1618849635512.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>The amount of fertilizer Nitrogen (N) plus Potassium (K2O) applied in direct seed contact should not exceed the values presented in the above table. These guidelines are relatively conservative. Some producers have gotten by with using higher rates at times. However, rates higher than those in this table have real potential for causing germination problems in some years.If N and Phosphorus (P) are applied without any K2O, such as using 11-52-0 or 10-34-0 then rates can be increased. In corn on 30 inch rows in medium to fine textured soils, the maximum amount of fertilizer that can be safely applied with the seed is 72 lbs./ac of 11-52-0 and 6.9 gal/ac of 10-34-0. In sandy or dry soils 54 lbs./ac of 11-52-0 and 5.2 gal/ac of 10-34-0. In grain sorghum, 30 inch rows in medium to fine textured soils 50 lbs./ac of 11-52-0 and 4.9 gal/ac of 10-34-0. In sandy or dry soils 38 lbs./ac of 11-52-0 and 3.6 gal/ac of 10-34-0. Remember this is assuming no added potassium (K20).Stacy Campbell is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: How much fertilizer can safely be placed with seed?

May is an excellent time to fertilize cool-season lawns such as tall fescue and Kentucky bluegrass if they will be irrigated throughout the summer. Non-irrigated lawns often go through a period of summer dormancy because of drought and do not need this fertilization.

May is a good time to fertilize because the springtime flush of growth characteristic of these grasses has tapered off, so the fertilizer you apply will be less likely to cause excessive shoot growth than if you fertilized at a full rate in April. 

Slow-release nitrogen sources are ideal. These nitrogen sources promote controlled growth, which is desirable as the stressful summer weather approaches. Relatively few fertilizers are available to the homeowner supply ALL the nitrogen in the slowly available form. But one such product that is widely available is Milorganite. 

Other such products available in the retail market include cottonseed meal, alfalfa-based fertilizers, and any other products derived from plants or animals. (Bloodmeal is an exception, and contrary to popular belief, the nitrogen it supplies is quickly available.) These products are all examples of natural organic fertilizers. They typically contain less than 10 percent nitrogen by weight, so compared to most synthetic fertilizers, more product must be applied to get the same amount of nitrogen. Translation: they are more expensive! 

Apply enough to give the lawn one pound of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet. For example, if the fertilizer is 6 percent nitrogen by weight, you will need to apply almost 17 pounds of fertilizer product per 1,000 square feet. Summer lawn fertilizers that contain at least a portion of the nitrogen as slow release are fine to use as well. Be sure to follow label directions. 

If cost is prohibitive, you can use the less expensive quick-release (i.e., soluble) sources, but split the application into two doses as follows: apply enough to give the lawn 0.5 lb. nitrogen per 1,000 square feet in May and again in early June. Lauren Fick is the Horticulture Extension Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. If you have questions, she can be contacted by e-mail at lfick@k-state.edu or by phone at 785-628-9430 or 620-793-1910. K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.&nbsp;&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/2/1580750915301.jpeg" alt="written by: Lauren Fick - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Lauren Fick - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>May is an excellent time to fertilize cool-season lawns such as tall fescue and Kentucky bluegrass if they will be irrigated throughout the summer. Non-irrigated lawns often go through a period of summer dormancy because of drought and do not need this fertilization. May is a good time to fertilize because the springtime flush of growth characteristic of these grasses has tapered off, so the fertilizer you apply will be less likely to cause excessive shoot growth than if you fertilized at a full rate in April. Slow-release nitrogen sources are ideal. These nitrogen sources promote controlled growth, which is desirable as the stressful summer weather approaches. Relatively few fertilizers are available to the homeowner supply ALL the nitrogen in the slowly available form. But one such product that is widely available is Milorganite. Other such products available in the retail market include cottonseed meal, alfalfa-based fertilizers, and any other products derived from plants or animals. (Bloodmeal is an exception, and contrary to popular belief, the nitrogen it supplies is quickly available.) These products are all examples of natural organic fertilizers. They typically contain less than 10 percent nitrogen by weight, so compared to most synthetic fertilizers, more product must be applied to get the same amount of nitrogen. Translation: they are more expensive! Apply enough to give the lawn one pound of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet. For example, if the fertilizer is 6 percent nitrogen by weight, you will need to apply almost 17 pounds of fertilizer product per 1,000 square feet. Summer lawn fertilizers that contain at least a portion of the nitrogen as slow release are fine to use as well. Be sure to follow label directions. If cost is prohibitive, you can use the less expensive quick-release (i.e., soluble) sources, but split the application into two doses as follows: apply enough to give the lawn 0.5 lb. nitrogen per 1,000 square feet in May and again in early June. Lauren Fick is the Horticulture Extension Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. If you have questions, she can be contacted by e-mail at lfick@k-state.edu or by phone at 785-628-9430 or 620-793-1910. K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.&nbsp;&nbsp;

FICK: ​Fertilize irrigation cool-season lawns in May

The Great Bend Recreation Commission will be hosting a free Stop ‘N Learn Session titled “Lazy Gardening” on Wednesday, April 21, from 12:00 – 1:00 pm at the Great Bend Rec Activity Center (2715 18th&nbsp;Street).&nbsp; 

Do you still love your own garden, but just don’t enjoy all the work and time it takes?&nbsp; If so, join us and we’ll share some tips on how to simplify your workload, but still enjoy your garden.&nbsp; This program is limited to the first 20 participants.&nbsp; The presentation will also be available on the Great Bend Rec Facebook page as a live event.&nbsp; 

Lauren Fick, Cottonwood Extension District Horticulture Agent, will be the speaker for the program.

A complete list of programs and class details can be found at the GBRC website at&nbsp;<a href="http://www.greatbendrec.com/" target="_blank">www.greatbendrec.com</a>.&nbsp; Please contact the Recreation Commission office at 793-3755, ext 110, or stop by the office located at 1214 Stone Street for more information or with any questions you may have.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/10/1602181603891.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>The Great Bend Recreation Commission will be hosting a free Stop ‘N Learn Session titled “Lazy Gardening” on Wednesday, April 21, from 12:00 – 1:00 pm at the Great Bend Rec Activity Center (2715 18th&nbsp;Street).&nbsp; Do you still love your own garden, but just don’t enjoy all the work and time it takes?&nbsp; If so, join us and we’ll share some tips on how to simplify your workload, but still enjoy your garden.&nbsp; This program is limited to the first 20 participants.&nbsp; The presentation will also be available on the Great Bend Rec Facebook page as a live event.&nbsp; Lauren Fick, Cottonwood Extension District Horticulture Agent, will be the speaker for the program.A complete list of programs and class details can be found at the GBRC website at&nbsp;<a href="http://www.greatbendrec.com/" target="_blank">www.greatbendrec.com</a>.&nbsp; Please contact the Recreation Commission office at 793-3755, ext 110, or stop by the office located at 1214 Stone Street for more information or with any questions you may have.

GBRC: Stop 'N Learn - Lazy Gardening

A focus of 4-H is to empower young people with the skills to lead for a lifetime. The research-based learning provides many avenues for 4-H youth to practice life skills such as caring for others and their community, leadership, and day-to-day areas such as preparing healthy meals, time management, and communication skills.

A few years ago, I read an article from HealthyWay.com written by Mary Sauer titled, “7 Things Kids Need To Do For Themselves Before They Turn 13”.

According to Ms. Sauer, “Turning 13 is a major milestone. For many kids, it feels like one big step toward adulthood. Of course, teenagers don’t just take on the responsibilities of growing older on their own because they’ve turned a page on a calendar. Parents play a big role in guiding their kids by equipping them with the skills they need to take care of themselves and contribute to society”.

This sounds a lot like 4-H to me! Another important aspect of 4-H is the ability to work with caring adults who guide and mentor them. While much of this can be project specific, knowing that a club leader, photography leader, or beef superintendent is working to provide opportunities for a youth to expand their horizons or improve their skills is invaluable.

As a Doniphan County 4-H member, I can’t imagine the hours that my sewing leader spent in the church basement with many young ones trying to work their mom’s portable sewing machine. I can tell you that, to this day, I know how to sew a French seam and put in a zipper because Mrs. D worked with me to do it over and over again until it was just right! She was also the first to celebrate with you when hard work paid off by good comments from the judge or earned an exhibit at the Kansas State Fair.

In the article by Ms. Sauer, she notes the seven things a youth should be able to do for themselves by age 13 include:

Money Matters – understand the basics of money and how to manage their own. She notes that this is best taught by modeling and practice. Do you talk openly with your youth about spending decisions, how you save, where you choose to give charitably? She stresses that a 13-year-old should understand and practice habits like giving and spending, and consequences when you run out.

Scheduling Solutions – I know, I know – I had a hard time with this as a parent also! Ms. Sauer recommends shifting the responsibility of getting up and to activities to their shoulders…..and letting then bear the consequences when they fail. “This might mean they have to face a frustrated teacher or discipline from a coach who expects them to be at practice by a certain

time. And that’s okay. Sometime consequences that come from outside the family leave the most lasting impression.” Occasionally as a family, it is important to evaluate if the number of activities are helping or harming family time and overwhelming youth in the process.

Courteous Communication – This is a two-way street and can be difficult on both sides. We teach a lot about communication in 4-H (truly the crucial life skills at Club Day and the fair). “If your new teen wishes to be treated like an adult – and most do – they need to communicate with other adults with respect and clarity,” Ms. Sauer states. Our dinner table conversations were often loud, and to visitors probably argumentative, but my kids knew that there were very few topics that were off-limits but they had better be prepared to argue their case AND listen to other viewpoints. They didn’t get it right every time and we occasionally had to call a time-out or move everyone on to a different topic but they were practicing communication skills and social interactions.

Body Basics – Learning self-care skills is important for good hygiene but also to develop a healthy body image and self-confidence.

Housekeeping Habits – Per Ms. Sauer’s article, “Your teen is a member of your household, and it is perfectly acceptable to expect them to do their part around the home. Before the age of 13, your child should know how to do their own laundry, pick up after themselves, and clean the kitchen.” In 4-H, we have curriculum about cooking basic meals and packing healthy lunches or snacks that they are capable of making. Young people don’t suddenly learn these skills when they turn 18 or 20; they need practice in order to grow into independent adults. It is often faster to pack their lunch (remember that Scheduling Solutions section) or clean their room but the lesson they have learned is either they are not good/smart enough OR they should expect someone else to do it for them.

Academic Achievements – The article states “Most parents place a high priority on helping their teens reach their full potential, but by micromanaging your teen’s academics you do more harm than good. Parents should find a balance, encouraging their teen and supporting them without doing the work for them or rescuing them from academic failure.” Some students do need more assistance but most students should be able to meet deadlines, keep up their homework, and show up to class on time. These are important life skills for success in education at every level and in life. If you don’t show up for work on time and aren’t prepared for your tasks, you typically don’t stay employed very long!

Navigation Necessities – As middle-school students, my kids were learning to read a map (on very long cattle trips!) and airport boards. We practiced these things in small doses and both are accomplished travelers both in the US and abroad. As Ms. Sauer notes, “Whether they’re catching a ride with another parent or walking to and from school, being able to get themselves where they need to go will bring them one step closer to independence.” Activities

in 4-H provide great opportunities for practicing these skills in small doses: camp, Discovery Days, Kansas Youth Leadership Forum, Citizenship In Action – all have increased levels of independence which comes with the responsibility of showing up in the right places at the right time!

Ms. Sauer concludes her article, “The truth is, consequences of the mistakes your teen might make now are far less risky than releasing them into adulthood without the skills they need to care for themselves, engage in adult relationships, or manage their time and money.

I wonder if Ms. Sauer was a 4-H member! 4-H provides so many great opportunities for youth to learn and practice skills that will help them be successful adults.

Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness.

Michelle Beran is the 4-H and Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District – Barton County office. For more information on this article or other 4-H and Youth Development related questions, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/1/1579114162620.jpeg" alt="written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>A focus of 4-H is to empower young people with the skills to lead for a lifetime. The research-based learning provides many avenues for 4-H youth to practice life skills such as caring for others and their community, leadership, and day-to-day areas such as preparing healthy meals, time management, and communication skills.A few years ago, I read an article from HealthyWay.com written by Mary Sauer titled, “7 Things Kids Need To Do For Themselves Before They Turn 13”.According to Ms. Sauer, “Turning 13 is a major milestone. For many kids, it feels like one big step toward adulthood. Of course, teenagers don’t just take on the responsibilities of growing older on their own because they’ve turned a page on a calendar. Parents play a big role in guiding their kids by equipping them with the skills they need to take care of themselves and contribute to society”.This sounds a lot like 4-H to me! Another important aspect of 4-H is the ability to work with caring adults who guide and mentor them. While much of this can be project specific, knowing that a club leader, photography leader, or beef superintendent is working to provide opportunities for a youth to expand their horizons or improve their skills is invaluable.As a Doniphan County 4-H member, I can’t imagine the hours that my sewing leader spent in the church basement with many young ones trying to work their mom’s portable sewing machine. I can tell you that, to this day, I know how to sew a French seam and put in a zipper because Mrs. D worked with me to do it over and over again until it was just right! She was also the first to celebrate with you when hard work paid off by good comments from the judge or earned an exhibit at the Kansas State Fair.In the article by Ms. Sauer, she notes the seven things a youth should be able to do for themselves by age 13 include:Money Matters – understand the basics of money and how to manage their own. She notes that this is best taught by modeling and practice. Do you talk openly with your youth about spending decisions, how you save, where you choose to give charitably? She stresses that a 13-year-old should understand and practice habits like giving and spending, and consequences when you run out.Scheduling Solutions – I know, I know – I had a hard time with this as a parent also! Ms. Sauer recommends shifting the responsibility of getting up and to activities to their shoulders…..and letting then bear the consequences when they fail. “This might mean they have to face a frustrated teacher or discipline from a coach who expects them to be at practice by a certaintime. And that’s okay. Sometime consequences that come from outside the family leave the most lasting impression.” Occasionally as a family, it is important to evaluate if the number of activities are helping or harming family time and overwhelming youth in the process.Courteous Communication – This is a two-way street and can be difficult on both sides. We teach a lot about communication in 4-H (truly the crucial life skills at Club Day and the fair). “If your new teen wishes to be treated like an adult – and most do – they need to communicate with other adults with respect and clarity,” Ms. Sauer states. Our dinner table conversations were often loud, and to visitors probably argumentative, but my kids knew that there were very few topics that were off-limits but they had better be prepared to argue their case AND listen to other viewpoints. They didn’t get it right every time and we occasionally had to call a time-out or move everyone on to a different topic but they were practicing communication skills and social interactions.Body Basics – Learning self-care skills is important for good hygiene but also to develop a healthy body image and self-confidence.Housekeeping Habits – Per Ms. Sauer’s article, “Your teen is a member of your household, and it is perfectly acceptable to expect them to do their part around the home. Before the age of 13, your child should know how to do their own laundry, pick up after themselves, and clean the kitchen.” In 4-H, we have curriculum about cooking basic meals and packing healthy lunches or snacks that they are capable of making. Young people don’t suddenly learn these skills when they turn 18 or 20; they need practice in order to grow into independent adults. It is often faster to pack their lunch (remember that Scheduling Solutions section) or clean their room but the lesson they have learned is either they are not good/smart enough OR they should expect someone else to do it for them.Academic Achievements – The article states “Most parents place a high priority on helping their teens reach their full potential, but by micromanaging your teen’s academics you do more harm than good. Parents should find a balance, encouraging their teen and supporting them without doing the work for them or rescuing them from academic failure.” Some students do need more assistance but most students should be able to meet deadlines, keep up their homework, and show up to class on time. These are important life skills for success in education at every level and in life. If you don’t show up for work on time and aren’t prepared for your tasks, you typically don’t stay employed very long!Navigation Necessities – As middle-school students, my kids were learning to read a map (on very long cattle trips!) and airport boards. We practiced these things in small doses and both are accomplished travelers both in the US and abroad. As Ms. Sauer notes, “Whether they’re catching a ride with another parent or walking to and from school, being able to get themselves where they need to go will bring them one step closer to independence.” Activitiesin 4-H provide great opportunities for practicing these skills in small doses: camp, Discovery Days, Kansas Youth Leadership Forum, Citizenship In Action – all have increased levels of independence which comes with the responsibility of showing up in the right places at the right time!Ms. Sauer concludes her article, “The truth is, consequences of the mistakes your teen might make now are far less risky than releasing them into adulthood without the skills they need to care for themselves, engage in adult relationships, or manage their time and money.I wonder if Ms. Sauer was a 4-H member! 4-H provides so many great opportunities for youth to learn and practice skills that will help them be successful adults.Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness.Michelle Beran is the 4-H and Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District – Barton County office. For more information on this article or other 4-H and Youth Development related questions, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call 620-793-1910.

BERAN: Raising independent youth

Everyone experiences stress but not everyone reacts to stress in the same way. There are people who thrive on stress to motivate them to get things done. Others may shut down and cannot continue with their daily activities. The adversity during the last year has caused additional stress for most of us.

I’m sure the word “resiliency” has been used in discussions of mental health for many years but I hear it on the news almost daily now. The definition of resiliency according to the American Psychological Association is “the process of adapting well in the face of adversity, trauma, tragedy, threats, or significant sources of stress – such as family and relationship problems, serious health problems or workplace and financial stressors. It means ‘bouncing back’ from difficult experiences.”

What are the characteristics of resilient people? Illinois Extension hosted a webinar and shared how a person faced with adversity will respond. Optimistic people will see the opportunity in the situation and will respond positively. They will have initiative and assertiveness. They have learned how to respond to negative events even though they cannot control what is happening. They are flexible and are open to new ideas and they cope with change by thinking outside the box.

In addition, a resilient person will have compassion for not only their family but for their community. They know that when they are kind to others, it will make them feel better. They also are creative and have a sense of humor.

Are there things that we can do to become more resilient? It is important in times of stress that we take care of our body. Take deep breaths, stretch, or meditate. Try to eat healthy, well-balanced meals, exercise regularly, get plenty of sleep, and avoid alcohol and drugs.

It is also important to take time to unwind. Find activities you enjoy. Listen to music. Take a walk. Watch a fun TV show that takes your mind off the adversity. In many studies, researchers have found that a caring relationship within or outside the family is the most important tool in the toolbox. Work to find ways to connect with others.

Talk with people you trust about your concerns and how you are feeling. And be willing to listen to ideas that may help the situation. You must also be willing to ask for help. Building resilience within yourself and within your family will help you get through the tough times.

Berny Unruh is the Family and Community Wellness Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. She can be reached at 785-628-9430 or at bunruh@ksu.edu K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/4/1588274071306.jpeg" alt="written by: Berny Unruh - Family and Community Wellness agent for the Cottonwood Extension District." />
 <figcaption>written by: Berny Unruh - Family and Community Wellness agent for the Cottonwood Extension District.</figcaption>
 </figure>Everyone experiences stress but not everyone reacts to stress in the same way. There are people who thrive on stress to motivate them to get things done. Others may shut down and cannot continue with their daily activities. The adversity during the last year has caused additional stress for most of us.I’m sure the word “resiliency” has been used in discussions of mental health for many years but I hear it on the news almost daily now. The definition of resiliency according to the American Psychological Association is “the process of adapting well in the face of adversity, trauma, tragedy, threats, or significant sources of stress – such as family and relationship problems, serious health problems or workplace and financial stressors. It means ‘bouncing back’ from difficult experiences.”What are the characteristics of resilient people? Illinois Extension hosted a webinar and shared how a person faced with adversity will respond. Optimistic people will see the opportunity in the situation and will respond positively. They will have initiative and assertiveness. They have learned how to respond to negative events even though they cannot control what is happening. They are flexible and are open to new ideas and they cope with change by thinking outside the box.In addition, a resilient person will have compassion for not only their family but for their community. They know that when they are kind to others, it will make them feel better. They also are creative and have a sense of humor.Are there things that we can do to become more resilient? It is important in times of stress that we take care of our body. Take deep breaths, stretch, or meditate. Try to eat healthy, well-balanced meals, exercise regularly, get plenty of sleep, and avoid alcohol and drugs.It is also important to take time to unwind. Find activities you enjoy. Listen to music. Take a walk. Watch a fun TV show that takes your mind off the adversity. In many studies, researchers have found that a caring relationship within or outside the family is the most important tool in the toolbox. Work to find ways to connect with others.Talk with people you trust about your concerns and how you are feeling. And be willing to listen to ideas that may help the situation. You must also be willing to ask for help. Building resilience within yourself and within your family will help you get through the tough times.Berny Unruh is the Family and Community Wellness Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. She can be reached at 785-628-9430 or at bunruh@ksu.edu K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

UNRUH: What is resiliency?

By KEN CARPENTER Great Bend Post Participants in this year's Barton County Walk Kansas program were treated to a Pep Rally at Jack Kilby Square on Wednesday. To celebrate their success so far, they received a box lunch and took part in a drawing for door prizes.

The Walk Kansas program is sponsored by the Cottonwood District of the K-State Research and Extension Office.  

Donna Krug, District Director, said that people aren't actually walking across the state of Kansas. She says they are doing a number of activities that count toward a specific goal. 

"It's really not just walking," Krug explained. "It's whatever they enjoy doing. It could include gardening or bike riding or swimming. Anytime they do 15 minutes of exercise, that is logged into their weekly log, and that is considered to be one mile." 

The program began on March 28th and runs for eight weeks.  If they stick with the plan, a team of six participants will collectively be able to log 423 miles, the distance across Kansas.  Each participant is expected to exercise 30 minutes a day, five days a week. 

In the past, "Walk Kansas" has been a team event. But Krug says this year the program has also been open to individuals.  

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2021/3/1616499881410.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By KEN CARPENTER Great Bend Post Participants in this year's Barton County Walk Kansas program were treated to a Pep Rally at Jack Kilby Square on Wednesday. To celebrate their success so far, they received a box lunch and took part in a drawing for door prizes. The Walk Kansas program is sponsored by the Cottonwood District of the K-State Research and Extension Office. Donna Krug, District Director, said that people aren't actually walking across the state of Kansas. She says they are doing a number of activities that count toward a specific goal. "It's really not just walking," Krug explained. "It's whatever they enjoy doing. It could include gardening or bike riding or swimming. Anytime they do 15 minutes of exercise, that is logged into their weekly log, and that is considered to be one mile." The program began on March 28th and runs for eight weeks. If they stick with the plan, a team of six participants will collectively be able to log 423 miles, the distance across Kansas. Each participant is expected to exercise 30 minutes a day, five days a week. In the past, "Walk Kansas" has been a team event. But Krug says this year the program has also been open to individuals.

Miles are adding up for Walk Kansas participants

A couple of weeks ago I shared the educational program in Great Bend titled, “Diabetes: You are in Control.” The statistics are mind boggling. Diabetes is a common, costly, and serious disease. More than 34 million adults in the United States have diabetes, and one in five of them do not know they have the disease. A diagnosis of diabetes can be scary, but studies have shown that with healthful eating and modest regular physical activity, type 2 diabetes can be delayed, controlled and even prevented.

Dining with Diabetes is a K-State Research and Extension health and wellness program that consists of a series of four classes that include, learning, demonstrations, physical activity and tasting healthy foods. The program’s focus is to help individuals learn strategies to lessen the health risks of diabetes.

The program objectives of this on-line course include:

· Increase knowledge about healthy foods · Present healthy versions of familiar foods and taste testing of recipes · Demonstrate new cooking techniques · Provide basic information regarding diabetes and nutrition · Provide opportunities for sharing and learning from one another and from diabetes health professionals

Dining with Diabetes is a national extension program provided to Kansans by K-State Research and Extension Family and Consumer Sciences professionals and community health partners. The program is a series of four 2-hour classes that are held once a week. Classes consist of a presentation on diabetes self-care or healthful food choices; a five to ten-minute low-impact physical activity; presentations on tasty, healthy familiar foods, sampling foods, and demonstrations of cooking techniques using artificial sweeteners, reduced-fat foods, herbs, and spices.

The program is designed for people with diabetes and their family members, caregivers, and support persons.

Since this is an on-line format, participants can enroll in a class that meets their scheduling needs even if the facilitator is located across the state. I noticed that there are classes set to begin in May and June. The cost of the course is $25.

The following link will take you to the classes that are available at this time. https://noncreditksu.catalog.instructure.com/browse/kstateglobalcampusnoncreditprograms/ksre-noncredit

Feel free to give me a call if you need assistance with signing up for this on-line course, or if you would like to receive a copy of the fact sheet, “Diabetes: You are in Control.”

Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent for K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141404420.png" alt="written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>A couple of weeks ago I shared the educational program in Great Bend titled, “Diabetes: You are in Control.” The statistics are mind boggling. Diabetes is a common, costly, and serious disease. More than 34 million adults in the United States have diabetes, and one in five of them do not know they have the disease. A diagnosis of diabetes can be scary, but studies have shown that with healthful eating and modest regular physical activity, type 2 diabetes can be delayed, controlled and even prevented.Dining with Diabetes is a K-State Research and Extension health and wellness program that consists of a series of four classes that include, learning, demonstrations, physical activity and tasting healthy foods. The program’s focus is to help individuals learn strategies to lessen the health risks of diabetes.The program objectives of this on-line course include:· Increase knowledge about healthy foods · Present healthy versions of familiar foods and taste testing of recipes · Demonstrate new cooking techniques · Provide basic information regarding diabetes and nutrition · Provide opportunities for sharing and learning from one another and from diabetes health professionalsDining with Diabetes is a national extension program provided to Kansans by K-State Research and Extension Family and Consumer Sciences professionals and community health partners. The program is a series of four 2-hour classes that are held once a week. Classes consist of a presentation on diabetes self-care or healthful food choices; a five to ten-minute low-impact physical activity; presentations on tasty, healthy familiar foods, sampling foods, and demonstrations of cooking techniques using artificial sweeteners, reduced-fat foods, herbs, and spices.The program is designed for people with diabetes and their family members, caregivers, and support persons.Since this is an on-line format, participants can enroll in a class that meets their scheduling needs even if the facilitator is located across the state. I noticed that there are classes set to begin in May and June. The cost of the course is $25.The following link will take you to the classes that are available at this time. https://noncreditksu.catalog.instructure.com/browse/kstateglobalcampusnoncreditprograms/ksre-noncreditFeel free to give me a call if you need assistance with signing up for this on-line course, or if you would like to receive a copy of the fact sheet, “Diabetes: You are in Control.”Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent for K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu

KRUG: Dining with diabetes on-line course available

Learning to identify poison ivy is vital if you wish to avoid the rash that accompanies exposure. &nbsp;Unfortunately, poison ivy can make identification difficult because it occurs in three forms: an erect woody shrub, a groundcover that creeps along the ground, and a woody vine that will climb trees.

When poison ivy climbs, it forms numerous aerial roots that give the vine the appearance of a fuzzy rope. The leaves of poison ivy also vary. Though the compound leaf always has three leaflets, the leaf margins may be toothed, incised, lobed, or smooth. The size of the leaves also can vary, although usually, the middle leaflet is larger than the other two. Also, the middle leaflet is the only one with a long stalk; the other two are closely attached to the petiole (leaf stem). The number of leaves gives rise to the saying: "Leaves of three, let it be!" Poison ivy is often confused with Virginia creeper or Woodbine. Each of these vines, however, has five leaflets rather than three.

There are three methods commonly used to eradicate poison ivy. These include pulling or grubbing out the plants by hand, cutting off the vine, and then treating the cut stump or the regrowth, and spraying the plants directly. The method used depends somewhat on the plant's growth form.

If the plant is growing as a groundcover, direct spray or grubbing the plant out is often used. If grubbing, wear gloves and a long-sleeved shirt. The soil must be moist for grubbing to work well. Wash the clothes and yourself immediately after you finish. It might also be a good idea to rinse the washing machine.

If the plant is in the shrub form, the direct spray is the most common control method. If the plant is a woody vine that has climbed a tree, the preferred method is to cut the plant off at the base and treat the sprouts after they emerge. Some triclopyr herbicides also have instructions on treating a freshly cut stump directly. Triclopyr (Brush-B-Gon Poison Ivy Killer, Brush Killer Stump Killer) is most often used for poison ivy control. Other Herbicides that can be used include glyphosate (Roundup, Killzall Weed and Grass Killer, Nutgrass, Poison Ivy, and VineKiller) or dicamba. Poison ivy is tough. Repeat applications may be necessary. Lauren Fick is the Horticulture Extension Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. If you have questions, she can be contacted by e-mail at lfick@k-state.edu or by phone at 785-628-9430 or 620-793-1910. K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.&nbsp;&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/2/1580750915301.jpeg" alt="written by: Lauren Fick - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Lauren Fick - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Learning to identify poison ivy is vital if you wish to avoid the rash that accompanies exposure. &nbsp;Unfortunately, poison ivy can make identification difficult because it occurs in three forms: an erect woody shrub, a groundcover that creeps along the ground, and a woody vine that will climb trees.When poison ivy climbs, it forms numerous aerial roots that give the vine the appearance of a fuzzy rope. The leaves of poison ivy also vary. Though the compound leaf always has three leaflets, the leaf margins may be toothed, incised, lobed, or smooth. The size of the leaves also can vary, although usually, the middle leaflet is larger than the other two. Also, the middle leaflet is the only one with a long stalk; the other two are closely attached to the petiole (leaf stem). The number of leaves gives rise to the saying: "Leaves of three, let it be!" Poison ivy is often confused with Virginia creeper or Woodbine. Each of these vines, however, has five leaflets rather than three. There are three methods commonly used to eradicate poison ivy. These include pulling or grubbing out the plants by hand, cutting off the vine, and then treating the cut stump or the regrowth, and spraying the plants directly. The method used depends somewhat on the plant's growth form. If the plant is growing as a groundcover, direct spray or grubbing the plant out is often used. If grubbing, wear gloves and a long-sleeved shirt. The soil must be moist for grubbing to work well. Wash the clothes and yourself immediately after you finish. It might also be a good idea to rinse the washing machine. If the plant is in the shrub form, the direct spray is the most common control method. If the plant is a woody vine that has climbed a tree, the preferred method is to cut the plant off at the base and treat the sprouts after they emerge. Some triclopyr herbicides also have instructions on treating a freshly cut stump directly. Triclopyr (Brush-B-Gon Poison Ivy Killer, Brush Killer Stump Killer) is most often used for poison ivy control. Other Herbicides that can be used include glyphosate (Roundup, Killzall Weed and Grass Killer, Nutgrass, Poison Ivy, and VineKiller) or dicamba. Poison ivy is tough. Repeat applications may be necessary. Lauren Fick is the Horticulture Extension Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. If you have questions, she can be contacted by e-mail at lfick@k-state.edu or by phone at 785-628-9430 or 620-793-1910. K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.&nbsp;&nbsp;

FICK: Poison ivy identification and control

There are four Cottonwood Extension District Positions that will be on the November ballot. While the election is still over 6 months away, the deadline to file for a position is just around the corner. When the Cottonwood District formed in 2017 our eight-member board was appointed by the County Commissioners in both Barton and Ellis County. So that all positions would not come open at the same time, four members served two-year terms while the other four board members were appointed to serve four-year terms. From now on, all terms are four years in length.

Each of our eight board members have a commitment to create a budget that is reasonable for you, the taxpayer, while still supporting the delivery of valuable Extension education materials for lifelong learners in our district. Extension board member qualifications include:

· At least 18 years of age and a resident of the local unit

· Interested in working within the mission of K-State Research and Extension.

· Willing to work closely with the local unit director, regional director and other members of the board.

· Sincere interest in improving the quality of life for local unit residents.

A more detailed board member position description can be viewed on the KSRE web site. https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/boardleadership/board-leadership-modules/recruiting-board-and-pdc-members/Extension%20Board%20Member%20Position%20Description.pdf

My hope is that you have utilized our services in one or many ways. Perhaps Lauren Fick, our district horticulture agent, has provided the answer to a lawn, garden or tree question. Our agriculture and natural resources agents, Stacy Campbell and Alicia Boor, are always ready to field questions about weed control, and research-based information related to crops or livestock. Our programming related to healthy families is covered by Berny Unruh and myself. We have programming in place to help people of all ages improve their lives. And 4-H and other youth in our communities are participating in learning opportunities under the direction of Susan Schlichting and Michelle Beran. Theresa Meis and Brenda Walton provide the office professional duties that keep us connected to you.

If you would like to get involved by running for a position on the Cottonwood Extension District Board, you will need to fill out the paperwork and pay a $20 filing fee at the County Clerks’ office where you reside. The filing deadline is Thursday, June 1st, at noon. The two candidates who receive the most votes will begin their term as soon as the November election results are certified.

Feel free to give me a call if you have any questions related to serving on our Extension Board!

Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District – Great Bend office. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141404420.png" alt="written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>There are four Cottonwood Extension District Positions that will be on the November ballot. While the election is still over 6 months away, the deadline to file for a position is just around the corner. When the Cottonwood District formed in 2017 our eight-member board was appointed by the County Commissioners in both Barton and Ellis County. So that all positions would not come open at the same time, four members served two-year terms while the other four board members were appointed to serve four-year terms. From now on, all terms are four years in length.Each of our eight board members have a commitment to create a budget that is reasonable for you, the taxpayer, while still supporting the delivery of valuable Extension education materials for lifelong learners in our district. Extension board member qualifications include:· At least 18 years of age and a resident of the local unit· Interested in working within the mission of K-State Research and Extension.· Willing to work closely with the local unit director, regional director and other members of the board.· Sincere interest in improving the quality of life for local unit residents.A more detailed board member position description can be viewed on the KSRE web site. https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/boardleadership/board-leadership-modules/recruiting-board-and-pdc-members/Extension%20Board%20Member%20Position%20Description.pdfMy hope is that you have utilized our services in one or many ways. Perhaps Lauren Fick, our district horticulture agent, has provided the answer to a lawn, garden or tree question. Our agriculture and natural resources agents, Stacy Campbell and Alicia Boor, are always ready to field questions about weed control, and research-based information related to crops or livestock. Our programming related to healthy families is covered by Berny Unruh and myself. We have programming in place to help people of all ages improve their lives. And 4-H and other youth in our communities are participating in learning opportunities under the direction of Susan Schlichting and Michelle Beran. Theresa Meis and Brenda Walton provide the office professional duties that keep us connected to you.If you would like to get involved by running for a position on the Cottonwood Extension District Board, you will need to fill out the paperwork and pay a $20 filing fee at the County Clerks’ office where you reside. The filing deadline is Thursday, June 1st, at noon. The two candidates who receive the most votes will begin their term as soon as the November election results are certified.Feel free to give me a call if you have any questions related to serving on our Extension Board!Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District – Great Bend office. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

KRUG: Consider serving on the Cottonwood Extension Board

K-State Research &amp; Extension will be offering a Hazardous Occupation Safety Training for Agriculture or Tractor and Farm Safety Course for youth on Saturday, April 24, 2021 in two locations, WaKeeney and Norton. At both locations it will be held at the 4-H Building on the fairgrounds, from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.

Local K-State Research &amp; Extension Agents will teach this basic course covering farm and machinery safety, including proper tractor operation and maintenance, grain safety, implement use safety, livestock safety and more. The United States Department of Labor requires youth 14 – 15 years of age attend this safety training in order to work on a farm for someone other than their parents.

The course is free to attend, thanks to our sponsor People’s State Bank. RSVP is requested by April 21st. Contact one of the following Extension Offices in Decatur, Ellis, Gove, Graham, Logan, Norton, Phillips, Rooks, Sheridan, or Trego County by Tuesday, April 21st to register for the Hazardous Occupations Safety Training in Agriculture course on April 24th.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/1/1578070143255.png" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>K-State Research &amp; Extension will be offering a Hazardous Occupation Safety Training for Agriculture or Tractor and Farm Safety Course for youth on Saturday, April 24, 2021 in two locations, WaKeeney and Norton. At both locations it will be held at the 4-H Building on the fairgrounds, from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.Local K-State Research &amp; Extension Agents will teach this basic course covering farm and machinery safety, including proper tractor operation and maintenance, grain safety, implement use safety, livestock safety and more. The United States Department of Labor requires youth 14 – 15 years of age attend this safety training in order to work on a farm for someone other than their parents.The course is free to attend, thanks to our sponsor People’s State Bank. RSVP is requested by April 21st. Contact one of the following Extension Offices in Decatur, Ellis, Gove, Graham, Logan, Norton, Phillips, Rooks, Sheridan, or Trego County by Tuesday, April 21st to register for the Hazardous Occupations Safety Training in Agriculture course on April 24th.

Hazardous Occupations Safety Training in Agriculture

A common disease of roses is blackspot, a fungus disease that can cause defoliation of susceptible plants. Look for dark, circular lesions with feathery edges on the top surface of the leaves and raised purple spots on young canes. Infected leaves will often yellow between spots and eventually drop. The infection usually starts on the lower leaves and works its way up the plant. Blackspot is most severe under conditions of high relative humidity (&gt;85%), warm temperatures (75 to 85 degrees F), and six or more hours of leaf wetness. Newly expanding leaves are most vulnerable to infection.

The fungus can survive on fallen leaves or canes and is disseminated primarily by splashing water. &nbsp;Cultural practices are the first line of defense.

1. Don't plant susceptible roses unless you are willing to use fungicide sprays. Purdue University has a list of blackspot-resistant varieties. 2. Keep irrigation water off the foliage. Drip irrigation works well with roses. 3. Plant roses in sun in areas with good air movement to limit the amount of time thefoliage is wet. 4. Remove diseased leaves that have fallen and prune out infected rose canes to minimize inoculum.

If needed, protect foliage with a regular spray program (10- to 14-day schedule) of effective fungicides. Recommended fungicides include tebuconazole (BioAdvanced Disease Control for Roses, Flowers, and Shrubs, BioAdvanced All-In-One Rose &amp; Flower Care), myclobutanil (Immunox, F-Stop Lawn &amp; Garden Fungicide), and chlorothalonil (Broad Spectrum Lawn &amp; Garden Fungicide, Garden Disease Control, others). Lauren Fick is the Horticulture Extension Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. If you have questions, she can be contacted by e-mail at lfick@k-state.edu or by phone at 785-628-9430 or 620-793-1910. K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.&nbsp;&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/2/1580750915301.jpeg" alt="written by: Lauren Fick - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Lauren Fick - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>A common disease of roses is blackspot, a fungus disease that can cause defoliation of susceptible plants. Look for dark, circular lesions with feathery edges on the top surface of the leaves and raised purple spots on young canes. Infected leaves will often yellow between spots and eventually drop. The infection usually starts on the lower leaves and works its way up the plant. Blackspot is most severe under conditions of high relative humidity (&gt;85%), warm temperatures (75 to 85 degrees F), and six or more hours of leaf wetness. Newly expanding leaves are most vulnerable to infection.The fungus can survive on fallen leaves or canes and is disseminated primarily by splashing water. &nbsp;Cultural practices are the first line of defense. 1. Don't plant susceptible roses unless you are willing to use fungicide sprays. Purdue University has a list of blackspot-resistant varieties. 2. Keep irrigation water off the foliage. Drip irrigation works well with roses. 3. Plant roses in sun in areas with good air movement to limit the amount of time thefoliage is wet. 4. Remove diseased leaves that have fallen and prune out infected rose canes to minimize inoculum. If needed, protect foliage with a regular spray program (10- to 14-day schedule) of effective fungicides. Recommended fungicides include tebuconazole (BioAdvanced Disease Control for Roses, Flowers, and Shrubs, BioAdvanced All-In-One Rose &amp; Flower Care), myclobutanil (Immunox, F-Stop Lawn &amp; Garden Fungicide), and chlorothalonil (Broad Spectrum Lawn &amp; Garden Fungicide, Garden Disease Control, others). Lauren Fick is the Horticulture Extension Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. If you have questions, she can be contacted by e-mail at lfick@k-state.edu or by phone at 785-628-9430 or 620-793-1910. K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.&nbsp;&nbsp;

​FICK: Blackspot of Roses

I’m tired y’all. I am tired of the hatefulness, divisiveness, rudeness, mask or no mask, vaccinate or no vaccinate, the “I KNOW I’m right so you must be stupid” attitudes. I am so tired of it all.

This past year has been hard on all of us. I take pride in my ability to be resilient and have a glass half-full mentality but I’m tired. I worry about family, friends, co-workers, my 4-H and all youth, and our communities, and it is exhausting.

One of the things that I do appreciate of the past year is the frequency with which I see reminders about mental health resources. Ongoing stresses can springboard a whole new level of depression, anxiety, fear, and frustrations. Reaching out for assistance can be the hardest but most important step in finding a path to understanding and working through all the stuff that can overwhelm us. It doesn’t have to make sense to anyone else; if you are feeling overwhelmed, it is very real! Reach out to a school counselor or adviser; reach out to your pastor, reach out to a good friend, reach out to professional resources.

As a friend, you don’t need to solve someone else’s problem, just be there to listen or sit through the moment. One of my favorite memes features Winnie the Pooh and Piglet.

“Today was a Difficult Day”, said Pooh

“Do you want to talk about it?” asked Piglet.

“No,” said Pooh after a bit. “No, I don’t think I do.”

“That’s okay,” said Piglet, and he came and sat beside his friend.

“Nothing, really,” said Piglet. “Only, I know what Difficult Days are like. I quite often don’t feel like talking about it on my Difficult Days, either.”

“But goodness,” continued Piglet, “Difficult Days are so much easier when you know you’ve got someone there for you. And I’ll always be here for you, Pooh.”

And as Pooh sat there, working through in his head his Difficult Day, while the solid, reliable Piglet sat next to him quietly, swinging his little legs…..he thought that his best friend had never been more right.

We can all make a difference in someone’s life. It can be as simple as holding a door, supporting a friend as they seek professional resources, performing a random act of kindness, or just sitting with someone as they work through their Difficult Day.

One of my favorite things as a 4-H agent is when a young person asks, “Do you have a minute?” and I realize that maybe I’m not so tired after all.

Michelle Beran is the 4-H and Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District – Barton County. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth and Development related questions email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/1/1579114162620.jpeg" alt="written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District&nbsp;" />
 <figcaption>written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District&nbsp;</figcaption>
 </figure>I’m tired y’all. I am tired of the hatefulness, divisiveness, rudeness, mask or no mask, vaccinate or no vaccinate, the “I KNOW I’m right so you must be stupid” attitudes. I am so tired of it all.This past year has been hard on all of us. I take pride in my ability to be resilient and have a glass half-full mentality but I’m tired. I worry about family, friends, co-workers, my 4-H and all youth, and our communities, and it is exhausting.One of the things that I do appreciate of the past year is the frequency with which I see reminders about mental health resources. Ongoing stresses can springboard a whole new level of depression, anxiety, fear, and frustrations. Reaching out for assistance can be the hardest but most important step in finding a path to understanding and working through all the stuff that can overwhelm us. It doesn’t have to make sense to anyone else; if you are feeling overwhelmed, it is very real! Reach out to a school counselor or adviser; reach out to your pastor, reach out to a good friend, reach out to professional resources.As a friend, you don’t need to solve someone else’s problem, just be there to listen or sit through the moment. One of my favorite memes features Winnie the Pooh and Piglet.“Today was a Difficult Day”, said PoohThere was a pause.“Do you want to talk about it?” asked Piglet.“No,” said Pooh after a bit. “No, I don’t think I do.”“That’s okay,” said Piglet, and he came and sat beside his friend.“What are you doing?” asked Pooh.“Nothing, really,” said Piglet. “Only, I know what Difficult Days are like. I quite often don’t feel like talking about it on my Difficult Days, either.”“But goodness,” continued Piglet, “Difficult Days are so much easier when you know you’ve got someone there for you. And I’ll always be here for you, Pooh.”And as Pooh sat there, working through in his head his Difficult Day, while the solid, reliable Piglet sat next to him quietly, swinging his little legs…..he thought that his best friend had never been more right.We can all make a difference in someone’s life. It can be as simple as holding a door, supporting a friend as they seek professional resources, performing a random act of kindness, or just sitting with someone as they work through their Difficult Day.One of my favorite things as a 4-H agent is when a young person asks, “Do you have a minute?” and I realize that maybe I’m not so tired after all.Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness.Michelle Beran is the 4-H and Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District – Barton County. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth and Development related questions email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call 620-793-1910.

BERAN: Tired?

Families may be gathering for a family meal this weekend and food safety is of utmost importance. The CDC reports 48 million Americans suffer from a foodborne illness each year. Of that number, 128,000 are hospitalized—each year. Most foodborne cases are largely preventable so here is a reminder of the steps to take to stay food safe.

First, wash your hands properly. Wet your hands, add soap and scrub your hands on the top and bottom, in between your fingers and underneath your fingernails for 20-30 seconds. If you do not have soap, the next best thing is to just use water. Hand sanitizer can be used but it should be used on clean hands.

Second, cook foods to the proper temperatures. Ground beef needs to be cooked to 160 degrees internally and poultry needs to reach 165 degrees. Follow the guidelines for minimum cooking temperatures and rest time for meat, poultry, seafood, and other cooked foods. Be sure to use a food thermometer to check whether meat has reached a safe internal temperature that is hot enough to kill harmful germs that cause food poisoning. Always reheat leftovers to 165﮿F regardless of the food type.

Third, keep foods that need to be cooked away from ready-to-eat foods. Cross-contamination can be dangerous and can happen not only during the cooking process but also during grocery shopping and food storage.

Fourth, never thaw frozen foods at room temperature. Raw or cooked meat, poultry or egg products, as any perishable foods, must be kept at a safe temperature during "the big thaw."

They are safe indefinitely while frozen. However, as soon as they begin to thaw and become warmer than 40 °F, bacteria that may have been present before freezing can begin to multiply. Perishable foods should never be thawed on the counter, or in hot water and must not be left at room temperature for more than two hours. There are three safe ways to thaw food: in the refrigerator, in cold water, and in the microwave. Avoid unsafe food practices like washing raw meat and spreading bacteria all over the sink.

As for the easter eggs - if you hard boil eggs and decorate them and hide them, it would be a safe practice to not eat those eggs that have been used in the egg hunt. The plastic eggs with treasurers hidden inside are the best alternative.

Berny Unruh is the Family and Community Wellness Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. She can be reached at 785-628-9430 or at bunruh@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/4/1588274071306.jpeg" alt="written by: Berny Unruh - Family and Community Wellness agent for the Cottonwood Extension District." />
 <figcaption>written by: Berny Unruh - Family and Community Wellness agent for the Cottonwood Extension District.</figcaption>
 </figure>Families may be gathering for a family meal this weekend and food safety is of utmost importance. The CDC reports 48 million Americans suffer from a foodborne illness each year. Of that number, 128,000 are hospitalized—each year. Most foodborne cases are largely preventable so here is a reminder of the steps to take to stay food safe.First, wash your hands properly. Wet your hands, add soap and scrub your hands on the top and bottom, in between your fingers and underneath your fingernails for 20-30 seconds. If you do not have soap, the next best thing is to just use water. Hand sanitizer can be used but it should be used on clean hands.Second, cook foods to the proper temperatures. Ground beef needs to be cooked to 160 degrees internally and poultry needs to reach 165 degrees. Follow the guidelines for minimum cooking temperatures and rest time for meat, poultry, seafood, and other cooked foods. Be sure to use a food thermometer to check whether meat has reached a safe internal temperature that is hot enough to kill harmful germs that cause food poisoning. Always reheat leftovers to 165﮿F regardless of the food type.Third, keep foods that need to be cooked away from ready-to-eat foods. Cross-contamination can be dangerous and can happen not only during the cooking process but also during grocery shopping and food storage.Fourth, never thaw frozen foods at room temperature. Raw or cooked meat, poultry or egg products, as any perishable foods, must be kept at a safe temperature during "the big thaw."They are safe indefinitely while frozen. However, as soon as they begin to thaw and become warmer than 40 °F, bacteria that may have been present before freezing can begin to multiply. Perishable foods should never be thawed on the counter, or in hot water and must not be left at room temperature for more than two hours. There are three safe ways to thaw food: in the refrigerator, in cold water, and in the microwave. Avoid unsafe food practices like washing raw meat and spreading bacteria all over the sink.As for the easter eggs - if you hard boil eggs and decorate them and hide them, it would be a safe practice to not eat those eggs that have been used in the egg hunt. The plastic eggs with treasurers hidden inside are the best alternative.Berny Unruh is the Family and Community Wellness Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. She can be reached at 785-628-9430 or at bunruh@ksu.edu.

UNRUH: Safe food practices for a holiday weekend

Our friends from other states tease us “flatlanders” about riding our tandem bike in Kansas. Obviously, they have never traveled to the northwest part of Barton county and other parts of the state. I also like to point out that we may not have as many hills but we have lots of wind! So far, this spring has been full of windy days so we plan our rides to head in to the wind first and then enjoy a tailwind on the way home.

As part of the Be Well Barton County task force we are happy to report that bike sharrows have been freshly applied on parts of Patton Road and Broadway, with more planned. Some bright signage with bicycles on them, are well placed to remind drivers of the importance of sharing the road. A special thanks to Jason Cauley, and the city street department in Great Bend, for these improvements. When I am in Hays, where our other District Extension Office is located, I see sharrows and designated bike lanes throughout the town. Now we just need motorists and bicyclists to pay attention to the rules of the road to prevent accidents.

This is a great time to encourage safe bicycling so keep reading for some important reminders.

· Consider a helmet a necessity, rather than an extra. Without a helmet, riders who sustain an injury are 14 times more likely to become a fatality. Choose one that meets or exceeds safety standards established by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. Make sure the helmet fits, rather than one a child will grow into. Replace the helmet if an accident occurs or if the helmet is badly jarred or cracked.

· Ride with the traffic, rather than facing the traffic. Consider adding a rear-view mirror to your bicycle gear. I have one that attaches to my helmet so I can constantly monitor the traffic behind us.

· Obey traffic signals just like motor vehicles. Use hand signals to let others know your intentions.

· Stay alert and keep your mind on your riding. This should be the same advice for many people in cars. Too many times we have been in close calls with drivers who are on cell phones or just inattentive to the traffic around them.

Many parents ask at what age a child is old enough to ride in the street rather than a neighborhood sidewalk. There isn’t a one-size-fits-all age. A child’s maturity level is the main factor. Other factors are: the size of the community, traffic patterns and congestion, and whether it is a residential area or a business district. A smaller community can seem peaceful and safe, but may have periods when safety is compromised – for example, after a ball game, during a community festival, or at harvest time.

Our Great Bend Pilot club is teaming up with my husband, John, and me to produce a short bicycle safety video that will be shared with area schools before the school year ends. Pilot club has provided many helmets for youngsters in our community since they have a special interest in preventing head injuries among young riders.

Now go out and enjoy this beautiful spring weather with a family bike ride!

Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620) 793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141404420.png" alt="written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Our friends from other states tease us “flatlanders” about riding our tandem bike in Kansas. Obviously, they have never traveled to the northwest part of Barton county and other parts of the state. I also like to point out that we may not have as many hills but we have lots of wind! So far, this spring has been full of windy days so we plan our rides to head in to the wind first and then enjoy a tailwind on the way home.As part of the Be Well Barton County task force we are happy to report that bike sharrows have been freshly applied on parts of Patton Road and Broadway, with more planned. Some bright signage with bicycles on them, are well placed to remind drivers of the importance of sharing the road. A special thanks to Jason Cauley, and the city street department in Great Bend, for these improvements. When I am in Hays, where our other District Extension Office is located, I see sharrows and designated bike lanes throughout the town. Now we just need motorists and bicyclists to pay attention to the rules of the road to prevent accidents.This is a great time to encourage safe bicycling so keep reading for some important reminders.· Consider a helmet a necessity, rather than an extra. Without a helmet, riders who sustain an injury are 14 times more likely to become a fatality. Choose one that meets or exceeds safety standards established by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. Make sure the helmet fits, rather than one a child will grow into. Replace the helmet if an accident occurs or if the helmet is badly jarred or cracked.· Ride with the traffic, rather than facing the traffic. Consider adding a rear-view mirror to your bicycle gear. I have one that attaches to my helmet so I can constantly monitor the traffic behind us.· Obey traffic signals just like motor vehicles. Use hand signals to let others know your intentions.· Stay alert and keep your mind on your riding. This should be the same advice for many people in cars. Too many times we have been in close calls with drivers who are on cell phones or just inattentive to the traffic around them.Many parents ask at what age a child is old enough to ride in the street rather than a neighborhood sidewalk. There isn’t a one-size-fits-all age. A child’s maturity level is the main factor. Other factors are: the size of the community, traffic patterns and congestion, and whether it is a residential area or a business district. A smaller community can seem peaceful and safe, but may have periods when safety is compromised – for example, after a ball game, during a community festival, or at harvest time.Our Great Bend Pilot club is teaming up with my husband, John, and me to produce a short bicycle safety video that will be shared with area schools before the school year ends. Pilot club has provided many helmets for youngsters in our community since they have a special interest in preventing head injuries among young riders.Now go out and enjoy this beautiful spring weather with a family bike ride!Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620) 793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu.

KRUG: Bicycle safety revisited

On March 20, Barton’s STEM Club welcomed 4H’ers from around the region to participate in “Space Day” to help inspire kids’ imaginations and explorative spirit with STEM-inspired activities that increased the attendees’ knowledge and allowed their creativity to soar. Barton Biology and Environmental Science Instructor Charlotte Cates worked with 4H Youth Development Agent Michelle Beran of the K-State Research and Extension: Cottonwood District to help organize the event. Cates said she was glad that she could collaborate with the 4H organizations and that she loves to host youth programs.

“Space Day was awesome,” she said. “My students and I had an amazing time interacting with the participants and their parents. We really love these opportunities to show people that STEM activities can be fun and that creativity is such a huge factor in this arena, even though that is maybe not always the first thing people think about when they think of science or math etc.”

The STEM Club led two activities, including Game Changers, where students used Scratch, a visual programming language that allows students to create their own interactive stories, games and animations, to create an animated public service announcement (PSA) on an issue they were passionate about. One participant made a PSA about how farmers feed the world, another focused on otters as a keystone species, freshwater lakes and bats were also featured in the PSAs.

The other activity the STEM Club led was Toxic Island, where participants designed a simple machine to deliver medical supplies to an island where a contagious virus had broken out. Neither the participants nor the simple machines could touch the ocean (the carpeted area in lab) or the “island” and teams had three minutes to deliver two boxes of urgently needed medical supplies. Dr. Amanda Alliband and Dr. Kristen Hathcock lead Junk Drawer Chemistry, where participants learned to build batteries using common household items. There were other sessions on rocket building, electronic circuit coding and unmanned aircraft systems.

The attendees included the Cottonwood, Midway and Walnut Creek 4H clubs. The event was sponsored by the Cottonwood Extension District, Walnut Creek Extension District and the Dane G. Hansen Foundation.

For more information, please contact Biology and Environmental Science Instructor Charlotte Cates at (620) 792-9331 or catesc@bartonccc.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2021/4/1617308484756.jpeg" alt="&nbsp; A Barton STEM Club member helps a participant at Space Day March 20 on the Barton Campus." />
 <figcaption>&nbsp; A Barton STEM Club member helps a participant at Space Day March 20 on the Barton Campus.</figcaption>
 </figure>Story by Joe VinduskaOn March 20, Barton’s STEM Club welcomed 4H’ers from around the region to participate in “Space Day” to help inspire kids’ imaginations and explorative spirit with STEM-inspired activities that increased the attendees’ knowledge and allowed their creativity to soar. Barton Biology and Environmental Science Instructor Charlotte Cates worked with 4H Youth Development Agent Michelle Beran of the K-State Research and Extension: Cottonwood District to help organize the event. Cates said she was glad that she could collaborate with the 4H organizations and that she loves to host youth programs.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2021/4/1617308516863.jpeg" alt="&nbsp; A Barton STEM Club member explains an activity to a participant at Space Day, which was held March 20 on the Barton campus." />
 <figcaption>&nbsp; A Barton STEM Club member explains an activity to a participant at Space Day, which was held March 20 on the Barton campus.</figcaption>
 </figure>“Space Day was awesome,” she said. “My students and I had an amazing time interacting with the participants and their parents. We really love these opportunities to show people that STEM activities can be fun and that creativity is such a huge factor in this arena, even though that is maybe not always the first thing people think about when they think of science or math etc.”The STEM Club led two activities, including Game Changers, where students used Scratch, a visual programming language that allows students to create their own interactive stories, games and animations, to create an animated public service announcement (PSA) on an issue they were passionate about. One participant made a PSA about how farmers feed the world, another focused on otters as a keystone species, freshwater lakes and bats were also featured in the PSAs.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2021/4/1617308545431.jpeg" alt="A Space Day participant shows off some of his work." />
 <figcaption>A Space Day participant shows off some of his work.</figcaption>
 </figure>The other activity the STEM Club led was Toxic Island, where participants designed a simple machine to deliver medical supplies to an island where a contagious virus had broken out. Neither the participants nor the simple machines could touch the ocean (the carpeted area in lab) or the “island” and teams had three minutes to deliver two boxes of urgently needed medical supplies. Dr. Amanda Alliband and Dr. Kristen Hathcock lead Junk Drawer Chemistry, where participants learned to build batteries using common household items. There were other sessions on rocket building, electronic circuit coding and unmanned aircraft systems.The attendees included the Cottonwood, Midway and Walnut Creek 4H clubs. The event was sponsored by the Cottonwood Extension District, Walnut Creek Extension District and the Dane G. Hansen Foundation.For more information, please contact Biology and Environmental Science Instructor Charlotte Cates at (620) 792-9331 or catesc@bartonccc.edu.

Barton hosts area 4H clubs for “Space Day”

We often are asked whether it is good to mow lower in the spring. The answer is yes and no. It doesn’t hurt to mow lower than normal the first mowing or two. As a matter of fact, it can actually speed green-up by removing old, dead grass and allowing the soil to warm up more quickly. &nbsp;But the mowing height should be raised to normal after the first or second cutting to discourage crabgrass and encourage deep rooting.

Crabgrass seed must have light to germinate, and a high mowing height will help shade the soil. &nbsp;Also, root depth and mowing height are related on upright growing grasses such as tall fescue and Kentucky bluegrass — the higher the height of cut, the deeper the root system. A deeper root system means a more drought-resistant turf.

So, how low should you go on the first cutting? On tall fescue and Kentucky bluegrass, you can mow as low as 1 to 1½ inches. Be careful you don't go so low that you scalp the turf. &nbsp; After that, raise the mowing height for Kentucky bluegrass to 2 to 3 inches but 3 to 3½ inches for tall fescue. Lauren Fick is the Horticulture Extension Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. If you have questions, she can be contacted by e-mail at lfick@k-state.edu or by phone at 785-628-9430 or 620-793-1910. K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.&nbsp;&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/2/1580750915301.jpeg" alt="written by: Lauren Fick - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Lauren Fick - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>We often are asked whether it is good to mow lower in the spring. The answer is yes and no. It doesn’t hurt to mow lower than normal the first mowing or two. As a matter of fact, it can actually speed green-up by removing old, dead grass and allowing the soil to warm up more quickly. &nbsp;But the mowing height should be raised to normal after the first or second cutting to discourage crabgrass and encourage deep rooting. Crabgrass seed must have light to germinate, and a high mowing height will help shade the soil. &nbsp;Also, root depth and mowing height are related on upright growing grasses such as tall fescue and Kentucky bluegrass — the higher the height of cut, the deeper the root system. A deeper root system means a more drought-resistant turf. So, how low should you go on the first cutting? On tall fescue and Kentucky bluegrass, you can mow as low as 1 to 1½ inches. Be careful you don't go so low that you scalp the turf. &nbsp; After that, raise the mowing height for Kentucky bluegrass to 2 to 3 inches but 3 to 3½ inches for tall fescue. Lauren Fick is the Horticulture Extension Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. If you have questions, she can be contacted by e-mail at lfick@k-state.edu or by phone at 785-628-9430 or 620-793-1910. K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.&nbsp;&nbsp;

FICK: How low should you go?

I’m going to share some information from the Kansas 4-H Office which was provided in a news release last week. For many Kansas 4-H members, the year is chock-full of activity, from summer camps and fairs to fall projects and state contests.

So, 4-H youth development specialist Beth Hinshaw said spring is a great time to breathe…and think.

“There are some great opportunities this spring to plan for upcoming project work,” said Hinshaw, who is in the southeast region. “Our suggestion is to research your project, or review available curriculum and resources. Another option might be in-person field trips if it’s safe, or virtual field trips.”

The Kansas 4-H program offers 35 project areas for youth to participate in. Hinshaw said Kansas 4-H staff have developed spark pages for nearly all of those projects, helping youth with ideas on things to explore, learn, practice or experience.

Hinshaw noted that the content is appropriate for beginning, intermediate and advanced project members. The spark pages also list resources and events that might be available, including curriculum, record-keeping and project exhibit ideas.

“We also have some project challenges, which provide young people an introductory activity in several project areas,” Hinshaw said.

“One of the things we talk about with 4-H projects is the idea of the project pathway. We are interested in what creates a spark for young people; that is, something that they’re very interested in. Then, we help them gain knowledge and mastery of the subject as they continue in the project.”

She noted that completing a project helps youth build career skills, whether they pursue a career in the given subject area or not, because many skills are transferrable.

“We think it’s great for young people to start seeing the possibilities in those project areas. That deeper learning might spark them toward a career,” she said.

Youth who are not current 4-H members can also access these resources and I look forward to visiting with any family about the benefits 4-H can provide. For more information, you can contact me at the Cottonwood Extension District – Barton County office.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/1/1579114162620.jpeg" alt="written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>I’m going to share some information from the Kansas 4-H Office which was provided in a news release last week. For many Kansas 4-H members, the year is chock-full of activity, from summer camps and fairs to fall projects and state contests.So, 4-H youth development specialist Beth Hinshaw said spring is a great time to breathe…and think.“There are some great opportunities this spring to plan for upcoming project work,” said Hinshaw, who is in the southeast region. “Our suggestion is to research your project, or review available curriculum and resources. Another option might be in-person field trips if it’s safe, or virtual field trips.”The Kansas 4-H program offers 35 project areas for youth to participate in. Hinshaw said Kansas 4-H staff have developed spark pages for nearly all of those projects, helping youth with ideas on things to explore, learn, practice or experience.Hinshaw noted that the content is appropriate for beginning, intermediate and advanced project members. The spark pages also list resources and events that might be available, including curriculum, record-keeping and project exhibit ideas.“We also have some project challenges, which provide young people an introductory activity in several project areas,” Hinshaw said.“One of the things we talk about with 4-H projects is the idea of the project pathway. We are interested in what creates a spark for young people; that is, something that they’re very interested in. Then, we help them gain knowledge and mastery of the subject as they continue in the project.”She noted that completing a project helps youth build career skills, whether they pursue a career in the given subject area or not, because many skills are transferrable.“We think it’s great for young people to start seeing the possibilities in those project areas. That deeper learning might spark them toward a career,” she said.Youth who are not current 4-H members can also access these resources and I look forward to visiting with any family about the benefits 4-H can provide. For more information, you can contact me at the Cottonwood Extension District – Barton County office.Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness.Michelle Beran is the 4-H and Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District – Barton County. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth and Development related questions email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call 620-793-1910.

BERAN: Spring project planning

The human body was made to move. In a K-State Research and Extension Fact Sheet “Move More, Sit Less”, the author describes what happens when the body does not move for long periods of time: “the metabolism and muscle functions slow down and in some cases, even shut down and go into hibernation mode. Sitting physically distorts the muscles, tendons and ligaments, along with the tissues surrounding them, causing negative changes from low back pain to headaches”.

Low-energy, sedentary activities – such as sitting – worsen anxiety and depression in those who are already susceptible. The sedentary lifestyle has contributed greatly to an increase in obesity rates for the last 10 years in Kansas; officials say the state ranks in the upper one-third of heaviest states in the United States.

This sounds depressing! But there is hope. Research studies increasingly reveal that physical activity is paramount to minimizing and even reversing, the effects of aging. In fact, a study published by the Journal of the American Heart Association showed that several five- or 10-minute exercise sessions spread throughout the day can have the same effect on long term health as a continuous 30-minute workout.

If you're looking for a motivating program to get you going, consider joining the Walk KS program. This is an 8-week program that challenges you to move more, sit less and make better nutrition choices. Check out www.walkkansas.org for more information and the registration link.

Anyone, young or old, can participate in Walk Kansas! Teams can include co-workers, family members, neighbors, and even friends from across the nation. The team concept is important so team members must agree to support and encourage one another. However, if you would rather set and work on your own goals, there is a solo option this year.

If you have questions, please give Brenda or Donna a call at the Extension Office at 620-793-1910. The registration system will be open until March 31st. Those already registered and paid can begin logging their minutes on March 28th.

Berny Unruh is the Family &amp; Community Wellness Agent for the Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (785)628-9430 or bunruh@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/4/1588274071306.jpeg" alt="written by: Berny Unruh - Family and Community Wellness agent for the Cottonwood Extension District." />
 <figcaption>written by: Berny Unruh - Family and Community Wellness agent for the Cottonwood Extension District.</figcaption>
 </figure>The human body was made to move. In a K-State Research and Extension Fact Sheet “Move More, Sit Less”, the author describes what happens when the body does not move for long periods of time: “the metabolism and muscle functions slow down and in some cases, even shut down and go into hibernation mode. Sitting physically distorts the muscles, tendons and ligaments, along with the tissues surrounding them, causing negative changes from low back pain to headaches”.Low-energy, sedentary activities – such as sitting – worsen anxiety and depression in those who are already susceptible. The sedentary lifestyle has contributed greatly to an increase in obesity rates for the last 10 years in Kansas; officials say the state ranks in the upper one-third of heaviest states in the United States.This sounds depressing! But there is hope. Research studies increasingly reveal that physical activity is paramount to minimizing and even reversing, the effects of aging. In fact, a study published by the Journal of the American Heart Association showed that several five- or 10-minute exercise sessions spread throughout the day can have the same effect on long term health as a continuous 30-minute workout.If you're looking for a motivating program to get you going, consider joining the Walk KS program. This is an 8-week program that challenges you to move more, sit less and make better nutrition choices. Check out www.walkkansas.org for more information and the registration link.Anyone, young or old, can participate in Walk Kansas! Teams can include co-workers, family members, neighbors, and even friends from across the nation. The team concept is important so team members must agree to support and encourage one another. However, if you would rather set and work on your own goals, there is a solo option this year.If you have questions, please give Brenda or Donna a call at the Extension Office at 620-793-1910. The registration system will be open until March 31st. Those already registered and paid can begin logging their minutes on March 28th.Berny Unruh is the Family &amp; Community Wellness Agent for the Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (785)628-9430 or bunruh@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

UNRUH: The serious sitting disease

The weather prediction for Sunday, the 28th, (the first day of Walk Kansas) sounds perfect. With spring like temperatures in the forecast, it is time to dust off your walking shoes and start logging your minutes. We have promoted and encouraged participation in this fitness challenge the past 20 years. Though the process to register a team has transitioned to an on-line format, the goals of the Walk KS remains the same:

· be more active with friends and family · make better nutrition choices · walk away your stress

The average sedentary time for Americans is a whopping 9 to 10 hours per day. A primary goal for Walk Kansas and beyond should be to move more than you sit. Those 30 minutes or more of moderate activity are essential for good health and so are the small, regular movements you do the rest of the day. All of your minutes exercising adds up.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141404420.png" alt="written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>The weather prediction for Sunday, the 28th, (the first day of Walk Kansas) sounds perfect. With spring like temperatures in the forecast, it is time to dust off your walking shoes and start logging your minutes. We have promoted and encouraged participation in this fitness challenge the past 20 years. Though the process to register a team has transitioned to an on-line format, the goals of the Walk KS remains the same:· be more active with friends and family · make better nutrition choices · walk away your stressThe average sedentary time for Americans is a whopping 9 to 10 hours per day. A primary goal for Walk Kansas and beyond should be to move more than you sit. Those 30 minutes or more of moderate activity are essential for good health and so are the small, regular movements you do the rest of the day. All of your minutes exercising adds up.While it is fun to pull a team of six friends, family members, or co-workers together to exercise regularly, there is always the option to participate in Walk KS as an individual. The $10 registration fee will connect you with an information packed weekly newsletter. A portion of the registration fee is sent to K-State Research &amp; Extension for administration of the program. One other perk of registering is that you can participate in the Walk Kansas Pep Rally I have planned for Wednesday, April 14th, at noon, at the Band shell in Jack Kilby Square. I will have box lunches available at no charge for those who have called in a reservation by Friday April 9th and are registered in the Walk KS program. If you are not a registered participant, you may order a box meal for $7.50, payable by April 9th.The pep rally will provide an opportunity for me to share some nutrition and exercise tips and provide you with an opportunity to enjoy an outdoor lunch with friends and a walk around the square. There will be a drawing for door prizes as well.Our Cottonwood Extension District – Great Bend office, will allow registering for Walk KS to continue through March 31st. If you have trouble registering on-line, give Brenda or me a call!Donna Krug is the District Director and Family and Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider.