As we come into the growing season and plants begin to break dormancy, producers may have to start making some tough decisions. Since moisture has been at a premium this year, there will be added considerations to look at before getting your cattle to pasture.

On March 23, beginning at noon with a meal, join K-State Research and Extension for “Nutritional and Drought Stress Strategies for Area Producers”. This program will have Justin Waggoner on site to cover several aspects of the current drought situation, and allow producers to talk with a specialist about current issues with livestock. Some of the topics will be the importance of inventorying of available feed/ alternative feed, considerations of culling animals, as well as additives and supplements for different times of the year. There will also be conversations for hauling water and requirements for livestock.

The program will be at American Ag Credit located at 5634 10th St in Great Bend and is sponsored by First Kansas Bank. To RSVP for the meal count, please call Alicia Boor at 620-793-1910, or by email at aboor@ksu.edu by March 21st.

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>As we come into the growing season and plants begin to break dormancy, producers may have to start making some tough decisions. Since moisture has been at a premium this year, there will be added considerations to look at before getting your cattle to pasture.On March 23, beginning at noon with a meal, join K-State Research and Extension for “Nutritional and Drought Stress Strategies for Area Producers”. This program will have Justin Waggoner on site to cover several aspects of the current drought situation, and allow producers to talk with a specialist about current issues with livestock. Some of the topics will be the importance of inventorying of available feed/ alternative feed, considerations of culling animals, as well as additives and supplements for different times of the year. There will also be conversations for hauling water and requirements for livestock.The program will be at American Ag Credit located at 5634 10th St in Great Bend and is sponsored by First Kansas Bank. To RSVP for the meal count, please call Alicia Boor at 620-793-1910, or by email at aboor@ksu.edu by March 21st.Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

BOOR: Drought cattle program

A couple of weeks ago, 4-H members across Barton County gathered for 4-H Club Day. This event provides opportunities for 4-H members to showcase their presentation skills while receiving feedback from a judge for areas of improvement. Youth participate in Project Talks (specific information about one of the 40 project areas), a Demonstration (shows how to do something), an Illustrated Talk (tells how to do something or about something), and Public or Extemporaneous Speaking. They also have an opportunity to showcase teamwork through skits or model meetings (Parliamentary procedure). Those with top placings will have the opportunity to compete at the Regional 4-H Club Day on March 11 in Great Bend.

I love watching the development of a youth who starts out as a little one in a Show and Tell presentation and, just a few years later, is taking on more complicated topics and challenging themselves with Public Speaking or Extemporaneous Speaking.

In addition to this opportunity, a group of youth across the Cottonwood Extension District are part of a team of water ambassadors, our 4-H2O Ambassadors! This group of 7 youth are provided training by a variety of partners including Cottonwood Extension 4-H, Hays Water Resources Department, KSU Watershed specialists, and the Kansas Wetlands Education Center. The 4-H Water Ambassador program is a leadership opportunity for teens 13 and older, focusing on the importance of water quality, water conservation and water careers. If your organization would be interested in hearing from our water ambassadors, give me a call.

Another incredible opportunity that has been provided to one of our Cottonwood – Barton 4-H members is the chance to represent Kansas 4-H at an international level. Jayla Wyant was selected as one of the IFYE (International Foreign Youth Exchange) youth for 2022. She will be traveling to Japan this summer to stay with a host family, learn about youth development and experience a different culture. Jayla is fundraising for this trip as the costs are considerably more than a regular summer. If you are interested in supporting her fundraising efforts, please contact me at the Extension Office and I will have her family get in contact.

What incredible opportunities to learn through experiences!

Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness.

Michelle Beran is the 4-H and Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District – Barton County office. For more information on this article or other 4-H and Youth Development related questions, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/1/1579114162620.jpeg" alt="written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>A couple of weeks ago, 4-H members across Barton County gathered for 4-H Club Day. This event provides opportunities for 4-H members to showcase their presentation skills while receiving feedback from a judge for areas of improvement. Youth participate in Project Talks (specific information about one of the 40 project areas), a Demonstration (shows how to do something), an Illustrated Talk (tells how to do something or about something), and Public or Extemporaneous Speaking. They also have an opportunity to showcase teamwork through skits or model meetings (Parliamentary procedure). Those with top placings will have the opportunity to compete at the Regional 4-H Club Day on March 11 in Great Bend.I love watching the development of a youth who starts out as a little one in a Show and Tell presentation and, just a few years later, is taking on more complicated topics and challenging themselves with Public Speaking or Extemporaneous Speaking.In addition to this opportunity, a group of youth across the Cottonwood Extension District are part of a team of water ambassadors, our 4-H2O Ambassadors! This group of 7 youth are provided training by a variety of partners including Cottonwood Extension 4-H, Hays Water Resources Department, KSU Watershed specialists, and the Kansas Wetlands Education Center. The 4-H Water Ambassador program is a leadership opportunity for teens 13 and older, focusing on the importance of water quality, water conservation and water careers. If your organization would be interested in hearing from our water ambassadors, give me a call.Another incredible opportunity that has been provided to one of our Cottonwood – Barton 4-H members is the chance to represent Kansas 4-H at an international level. Jayla Wyant was selected as one of the IFYE (International Foreign Youth Exchange) youth for 2022. She will be traveling to Japan this summer to stay with a host family, learn about youth development and experience a different culture. Jayla is fundraising for this trip as the costs are considerably more than a regular summer. If you are interested in supporting her fundraising efforts, please contact me at the Extension Office and I will have her family get in contact.What incredible opportunities to learn through experiences!Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness.Michelle Beran is the 4-H and Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District – Barton County office. For more information on this article or other 4-H and Youth Development related questions, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call 620-793-1910.

BERAN: Incredible opportunities

“Celebrate a World of Flavors” is the theme of National Nutrition Month 2022. What a perfect time to explore a couple of diets that encourage making informed food choices and developing healthful eating and physical activity habits. It is no secret that cardiovascular disease, or heart disease, is the leading cause of death in the United States and around the world. Because this chronic disease is so prevalent, research is ongoing, and much is known about the causes of heart disease.

It is no mystery – poor dietary quality is the top risk factor, accounting for approximately half of cardiovascular disease deaths globally. The American Heart Association has shifted their 2030 goals from managing hear disease to preventing heart disease. The new AHA focus emphasizes support of healthful behavior changes – particularly healthy eating and physical activity – in the prevention and treatment of heart disease, obesity, Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia.

Two well-researched dietary patterns have been shown to make a real difference in heart health: the DASH dietary pattern and the Mediterranean-style dietary pattern. I will be sharing in detail the benefits of both of these plans in educational programs set for next week. “Make a Med DASH to a Healthy Heart” will be presented Wednesday, March 9th, at 10:30 AM at the Great Bend Senior Center, 2005 Kansas. The same information will be shared during a Stop and Learn session at noon the same day, at the Great Bend Activity Center, 2715 18th Street. Ellis County residents can learn about the Mediterranean and DASH diet plans on Thursday, May 26th at a noon program at the Ellis County Extension office. This will be part of the Walk KS celebration. I’ll share more about this closer to the date.

During my presentation I will share specific steps to help you adopt a Mediterranean or DASH eating pattern. The focus of any healthy diet is to eat more nutrient dense foods and less refined or

highly processed foods. A fact sheet written by two K-State Research and Extension Specialists will be shared during the presentations. Additional handouts from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the medinsteadofmeds.com website contain great information about this important topic. Both programs next Wednesday are free and open to everyone. I hope to see you soon!

Donna Krug is the District Director and Family and Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141404420.png" alt="written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>“Celebrate a World of Flavors” is the theme of National Nutrition Month 2022. What a perfect time to explore a couple of diets that encourage making informed food choices and developing healthful eating and physical activity habits. It is no secret that cardiovascular disease, or heart disease, is the leading cause of death in the United States and around the world. Because this chronic disease is so prevalent, research is ongoing, and much is known about the causes of heart disease.It is no mystery – poor dietary quality is the top risk factor, accounting for approximately half of cardiovascular disease deaths globally. The American Heart Association has shifted their 2030 goals from managing hear disease to preventing heart disease. The new AHA focus emphasizes support of healthful behavior changes – particularly healthy eating and physical activity – in the prevention and treatment of heart disease, obesity, Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia.Two well-researched dietary patterns have been shown to make a real difference in heart health: the DASH dietary pattern and the Mediterranean-style dietary pattern. I will be sharing in detail the benefits of both of these plans in educational programs set for next week. “Make a Med DASH to a Healthy Heart” will be presented Wednesday, March 9th, at 10:30 AM at the Great Bend Senior Center, 2005 Kansas. The same information will be shared during a Stop and Learn session at noon the same day, at the Great Bend Activity Center, 2715 18th Street. Ellis County residents can learn about the Mediterranean and DASH diet plans on Thursday, May 26th at a noon program at the Ellis County Extension office. This will be part of the Walk KS celebration. I’ll share more about this closer to the date.During my presentation I will share specific steps to help you adopt a Mediterranean or DASH eating pattern. The focus of any healthy diet is to eat more nutrient dense foods and less refined orhighly processed foods. A fact sheet written by two K-State Research and Extension Specialists will be shared during the presentations. Additional handouts from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the medinsteadofmeds.com website contain great information about this important topic. Both programs next Wednesday are free and open to everyone. I hope to see you soon!Donna Krug is the District Director and Family and Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider.

KRUG: Mediterranean and DASH diets explored

Just as the mail carrier delivers the letters in all types of weather, so too must beef producers be able to respond to the climate impacts on the herd. With the low amounts of moisture that Kansas has experienced in the fall and winter, the experts at Kansas State University’s Beef Cattle Institute said now is the time to be thinking about management strategies for a drought on a recent&nbsp;<a href="https://ksubci.org/2022/02/11/sandhills-calving-system-definition-planning-for-drought-conflict-resolution/" target="_blank">Cattle Chat</a>&nbsp;podcast discussion.&nbsp;&nbsp;

“We’ve had a really dry fall and winter, so some folks are getting concerned about drought and making a plan for how to deal with it,” said Brad White, veterinarian.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Nutritionist Phillip Lancaster advised producers to evaluate their feed resources by looking at what they have on hand as well as the forages they will have access to.&nbsp;&nbsp;

“You might want to consider planting drought-tolerant crops that can be used for grazing or look for alternative pastures before other people try to secure them,” Lancaster said. &nbsp;&nbsp;

Agricultural economist Dustin Pendell said as producers evaluate the pastures, they must also consider the costs associated with water and&nbsp;fencing&nbsp;when grazing cropland or using alternate pastures.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Along with the feed concerns, veterinarian Brian Lubbers advised producers to look at ways to decrease grazing pressure by culling open cows or even managing them in a dry lot. &nbsp;&nbsp;

“Think about making those culling decisions earlier as well as managing the feed differently by putting the cattle in a dry lot as a last option,” Lubbers said. “From a biosecurity standpoint, it is better to maintain those cattle in a dry lot on the same operation rather than outsourcing them to another herd.”&nbsp;&nbsp;

Lubbers also suggested the option of moving from natural service breeding to timed artificial insemination to get the cattle moved to a tighter calving window. &nbsp;&nbsp;

The experts agree that many of these options have short-term and long-term financial implications. &nbsp;&nbsp;

“If everyone is buying more hay or selling off cull cows at the same time, it will have implications for the short-term bottom line,” Pendell said. &nbsp;&nbsp;

He added: “Along with the short-term effects, producers really need to think through how those culling decisions will impact the herd 2-3 years in the future when prices for replacement heifers may be higher because of the increased demand for them.” &nbsp;&nbsp;

The amount of moisture the grasses get in the spring may also influence weaning dates, said the experts.&nbsp;&nbsp;

“Early weaning of the calves will reduce the grazing pressure because non-lactating cows consume 20-30% less feed per day than lactating females,” Lancaster said.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Lubbers said there are health implications for the calves with early weaning that producers need to be aware of when making that choice.&nbsp;&nbsp;

“Younger calves require a softer weaning or there could be some extreme health challenges that follow,” Lubbers said. &nbsp;&nbsp;

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Just as the mail carrier delivers the letters in all types of weather, so too must beef producers be able to respond to the climate impacts on the herd. With the low amounts of moisture that Kansas has experienced in the fall and winter, the experts at Kansas State University’s Beef Cattle Institute said now is the time to be thinking about management strategies for a drought on a recent&nbsp;<a href="https://ksubci.org/2022/02/11/sandhills-calving-system-definition-planning-for-drought-conflict-resolution/" target="_blank">Cattle Chat</a>&nbsp;podcast discussion.&nbsp;&nbsp;“We’ve had a really dry fall and winter, so some folks are getting concerned about drought and making a plan for how to deal with it,” said Brad White, veterinarian.&nbsp;&nbsp;Nutritionist Phillip Lancaster advised producers to evaluate their feed resources by looking at what they have on hand as well as the forages they will have access to.&nbsp;&nbsp;“You might want to consider planting drought-tolerant crops that can be used for grazing or look for alternative pastures before other people try to secure them,” Lancaster said. &nbsp;&nbsp;Agricultural economist Dustin Pendell said as producers evaluate the pastures, they must also consider the costs associated with water and&nbsp;fencing&nbsp;when grazing cropland or using alternate pastures.&nbsp;&nbsp;Along with the feed concerns, veterinarian Brian Lubbers advised producers to look at ways to decrease grazing pressure by culling open cows or even managing them in a dry lot. &nbsp;&nbsp;“Think about making those culling decisions earlier as well as managing the feed differently by putting the cattle in a dry lot as a last option,” Lubbers said. “From a biosecurity standpoint, it is better to maintain those cattle in a dry lot on the same operation rather than outsourcing them to another herd.”&nbsp;&nbsp;Lubbers also suggested the option of moving from natural service breeding to timed artificial insemination to get the cattle moved to a tighter calving window. &nbsp;&nbsp;The experts agree that many of these options have short-term and long-term financial implications. &nbsp;&nbsp;“If everyone is buying more hay or selling off cull cows at the same time, it will have implications for the short-term bottom line,” Pendell said. &nbsp;&nbsp;He added: “Along with the short-term effects, producers really need to think through how those culling decisions will impact the herd 2-3 years in the future when prices for replacement heifers may be higher because of the increased demand for them.” &nbsp;&nbsp;The amount of moisture the grasses get in the spring may also influence weaning dates, said the experts.&nbsp;&nbsp;“Early weaning of the calves will reduce the grazing pressure because non-lactating cows consume 20-30% less feed per day than lactating females,” Lancaster said.&nbsp;&nbsp;Lubbers said there are health implications for the calves with early weaning that producers need to be aware of when making that choice.&nbsp;&nbsp;“Younger calves require a softer weaning or there could be some extreme health challenges that follow,” Lubbers said. &nbsp;&nbsp;Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.&nbsp;

BOOR: Drought grazing

We all have heard that time honored saying, “If it sounds too good to be true, it probably is.” The saying has been around a long time and while it’s not always correct, it tends to be quite accurate when dealing with science and nature, especially crop production. We have seen the problem of “alternative products”, especially for crop nutrition for years. But every time we see a spike in input costs and or grain prices, we see a whole new wave of these products come out of the woodwork or at least a new wave of marketing.

It is important to keep a few basics in mind when you are reviewing the claims of “new” or “alternative” products. Crops (plants) still need nutrients in amounts ranging from fractions of an ounce per acre to hundreds of pounds per acre depending on the nutrient and the crop.

Be careful of products that you are applying at a gallon or two per acre that claim to replace hundreds of pounds of nitrogen fertilizer in non-legume crops like corn, wheat and sorghum. A corn crop still needs about give or take 1.0 pound of nitrogen to produce every bushel of corn. If an alternative product seems to work one year, it’s likely because there was adequate residual nitrogen in the soil from previous crops. The second year you may not be quite so lucky as the previous year’s crop used up all the residual out of the soil.

Many of these products are liquid fertilizers, and weigh about 11 pounds per gallon. A typical liquid nitrogen product is going to be 28% nitrogen which means a gallon will have 3 pounds of nitrogen. A gallon or two of some alternative product is not going to replace 100 pounds of nitrogen. There are no magic products that release nitrogen from the soil or cause the nitrogen that’s present in the soil to “work better”. Plants need nutrients in very specific chemical forms. It doesn’t matter if that nitrogen is coming from chemical fertilizer, left over nitrogen from a legume crop, manure or seaweed, it will have to go through certain processes in the soil before it can be plant available.

I’ve been talking mainly about nitrogen but the same holds for other nutrients including phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and all the micronutrients. All the nutrients the plants need simply have to be present in the soil at the concentrations needed for proper plant growth. There is no magical products that when applied at ounces or even a couple of gallons per acre are going to cure the problem.

You have to be cautious when reading the literature as well. Often the yield trials mentioned are not replicated. Non replicated trials do not allow you to perform analysis to make sure that yield differences are being caused by the product applied. Or they may pick one study where

there was a significant yield improvement, but don’t mention the other 23 where there was no difference. If you are tempted to try a new product, only try it on a couple of acres and then talk with me about how to set up an in-field evaluation so you can really see if there is a difference. Ask for third party university test results. If all the research is being done by the company, or person, trying to sell it to you, be suspicious. And if you are still tempted, bring me the literature and let’s look into it deeper before you spend any money on it.

Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574181994278.png" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>We all have heard that time honored saying, “If it sounds too good to be true, it probably is.” The saying has been around a long time and while it’s not always correct, it tends to be quite accurate when dealing with science and nature, especially crop production. We have seen the problem of “alternative products”, especially for crop nutrition for years. But every time we see a spike in input costs and or grain prices, we see a whole new wave of these products come out of the woodwork or at least a new wave of marketing.It is important to keep a few basics in mind when you are reviewing the claims of “new” or “alternative” products. Crops (plants) still need nutrients in amounts ranging from fractions of an ounce per acre to hundreds of pounds per acre depending on the nutrient and the crop.Be careful of products that you are applying at a gallon or two per acre that claim to replace hundreds of pounds of nitrogen fertilizer in non-legume crops like corn, wheat and sorghum. A corn crop still needs about give or take 1.0 pound of nitrogen to produce every bushel of corn. If an alternative product seems to work one year, it’s likely because there was adequate residual nitrogen in the soil from previous crops. The second year you may not be quite so lucky as the previous year’s crop used up all the residual out of the soil.Many of these products are liquid fertilizers, and weigh about 11 pounds per gallon. A typical liquid nitrogen product is going to be 28% nitrogen which means a gallon will have 3 pounds of nitrogen. A gallon or two of some alternative product is not going to replace 100 pounds of nitrogen. There are no magic products that release nitrogen from the soil or cause the nitrogen that’s present in the soil to “work better”. Plants need nutrients in very specific chemical forms. It doesn’t matter if that nitrogen is coming from chemical fertilizer, left over nitrogen from a legume crop, manure or seaweed, it will have to go through certain processes in the soil before it can be plant available.I’ve been talking mainly about nitrogen but the same holds for other nutrients including phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and all the micronutrients. All the nutrients the plants need simply have to be present in the soil at the concentrations needed for proper plant growth. There is no magical products that when applied at ounces or even a couple of gallons per acre are going to cure the problem.You have to be cautious when reading the literature as well. Often the yield trials mentioned are not replicated. Non replicated trials do not allow you to perform analysis to make sure that yield differences are being caused by the product applied. Or they may pick one study wherethere was a significant yield improvement, but don’t mention the other 23 where there was no difference. If you are tempted to try a new product, only try it on a couple of acres and then talk with me about how to set up an in-field evaluation so you can really see if there is a difference. Ask for third party university test results. If all the research is being done by the company, or person, trying to sell it to you, be suspicious. And if you are still tempted, bring me the literature and let’s look into it deeper before you spend any money on it.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: If it sounds too good to be true

The Walk KS program has been a signature program for K-State Research and Extension for more than 20 years. In fact, I’m guessing that many of you reading this column have participated as a team member, tracking your minutes of exercise during the 8 weeklong program. I have a dresser drawer full of colorful Walk KS t-shirts from every year and I wear them proudly. Three years ago, when we were walking along a Florida beach with our son, I was wearing a Walk KS t-shirt when a lady came up to me excitedly and asked, “Where in Kansas are you from?” When I said Great Bend, she said to her husband, “Isn’t that where our new neighbors are from?” We found out her new neighbor had taught both of our sons in fifth grade many years earlier! What a small world!

Walk Kansas is a team-based program that will help you and others lead a healthier life. When you join this program, you can:

Ø Be more active with friends and family Ø Make better nutrition choices Ø Walk away your stress

As a fitness challenge, Walk Kansas invites friends, neighbors, family, and co-workers to form teams of six to cover the equivalent of the 423-mile distance from Kansas’ east to west borders during the eight-week program. A number of years ago, the reporting was simplified as participants turned in minutes of exercise each week. The goal is to encourage at least 30 minutes of aerobic heart-healthy physical activity five or

more days a week. Knowing that others are counting on you to contribute can be a motivator. Other plusses for the program include encouragement and practical ideas for healthy living through newsletters, recipes, educational programs, and special events.

The cost to register for Walk KS is $10. This covers the cost to produce a weekly newsletter and the administration of the program. Registration also covers the cost of a box meal that will be provided at a Walk KS celebration event held at the Jack Kilby Square in Great Bend on Wednesday, May 25th. Ordering a t-shirt is optional and can be done on-line. This year the t-shirt colors are heather clay and heather teal.

Our goal is to get everyone who is interested to register during the first three weeks in March. So, get your team organized, come up with a catchy team name and get those walking shoes dusted off. Walk KS 2022 is just around the corner!

Donna Krug is the District Director and Family and Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/2/1645734974921.png" alt="written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>The Walk KS program has been a signature program for K-State Research and Extension for more than 20 years. In fact, I’m guessing that many of you reading this column have participated as a team member, tracking your minutes of exercise during the 8 weeklong program. I have a dresser drawer full of colorful Walk KS t-shirts from every year and I wear them proudly. Three years ago, when we were walking along a Florida beach with our son, I was wearing a Walk KS t-shirt when a lady came up to me excitedly and asked, “Where in Kansas are you from?” When I said Great Bend, she said to her husband, “Isn’t that where our new neighbors are from?” We found out her new neighbor had taught both of our sons in fifth grade many years earlier! What a small world!Walk Kansas is a team-based program that will help you and others lead a healthier life. When you join this program, you can:Ø Be more active with friends and family Ø Make better nutrition choices Ø Walk away your stressAs a fitness challenge, Walk Kansas invites friends, neighbors, family, and co-workers to form teams of six to cover the equivalent of the 423-mile distance from Kansas’ east to west borders during the eight-week program. A number of years ago, the reporting was simplified as participants turned in minutes of exercise each week. The goal is to encourage at least 30 minutes of aerobic heart-healthy physical activity five ormore days a week. Knowing that others are counting on you to contribute can be a motivator. Other plusses for the program include encouragement and practical ideas for healthy living through newsletters, recipes, educational programs, and special events.The cost to register for Walk KS is $10. This covers the cost to produce a weekly newsletter and the administration of the program. Registration also covers the cost of a box meal that will be provided at a Walk KS celebration event held at the Jack Kilby Square in Great Bend on Wednesday, May 25th. Ordering a t-shirt is optional and can be done on-line. This year the t-shirt colors are heather clay and heather teal.Our goal is to get everyone who is interested to register during the first three weeks in March. So, get your team organized, come up with a catchy team name and get those walking shoes dusted off. Walk KS 2022 is just around the corner!Donna Krug is the District Director and Family and Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider.

KRUG: Walk Kansas program set to begin March 27

In crop production we know that fertilizer is an important part of producing a good crop. We also know that it can be an expensive part of that crop production bill. Depending on the crop it can be 20 to nearly 50% of direct costs and 15 to 30% of total costs. This year it may be even higher. Compared to late last summer, fertilizer prices have risen steeply. Increases have ranged from 100% to over 200% depending on the type of fertilizer. (Homeowners and gardeners need to be prepared to see higher prices for their fertilizers also). While prices may have moderated slightly in recent weeks, we are still looking at fertilizer costs that may be nearly double what they were last year.

The first instinct for many is to blindly cut fertilizer application rates. While reducing application rates will definitely reduce how much you spend, it can also increase the cost per bushel as yields may very well drop. We are dealing with an economics principle known as the law of diminishing returns. The biggest response comes from the first pound of fertilizer applied. As you add more fertilizer the yield increases and the cost of production, per bushel, goes down, up to a point. You then get to the point where additional fertilizer doesn’t increase gain enough to justify the expense and cost per bushel starts to go back up. All of these factors depend on price of the fertilizer applied and value of the product produced.

As you make your fertility plans for any crop production this year, it is important NOT to make a knee jerk reaction on cutting fertilizer rates. Start with a good soil test so we can properly account for the nutrients that you already have in your fields. Some years I might encourage you to build soil nutrient levels for nutrients like phosphorus (P). This is not one of those years.

However, if you have been building P in your soil profile and have &gt;20 ppm in the 0-6 inch soil profile. This is the year you could reap the benefits. By significantly cutting back P based on your yield goal.

Once we know what’s in the soil, we can determine a cost appropriate fertilizer application rate that won’t break the bank, hopefully. High prices do not negate the plant’s biological need for proper nutrient levels for good growth and decent yields. Now is not the time of making irrational decisions. Now is the time to approach crop production with a keen management mind to get the best return on your dollar!

If you have any questions or need to utilize our soil sampling probes to take your own soil samples--give us a call or drop by the Cottonwood District Offices in Hays and Great Bend.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/2/1645734786211.png" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>In crop production we know that fertilizer is an important part of producing a good crop. We also know that it can be an expensive part of that crop production bill. Depending on the crop it can be 20 to nearly 50% of direct costs and 15 to 30% of total costs. This year it may be even higher. Compared to late last summer, fertilizer prices have risen steeply. Increases have ranged from 100% to over 200% depending on the type of fertilizer. (Homeowners and gardeners need to be prepared to see higher prices for their fertilizers also). While prices may have moderated slightly in recent weeks, we are still looking at fertilizer costs that may be nearly double what they were last year.The first instinct for many is to blindly cut fertilizer application rates. While reducing application rates will definitely reduce how much you spend, it can also increase the cost per bushel as yields may very well drop. We are dealing with an economics principle known as the law of diminishing returns. The biggest response comes from the first pound of fertilizer applied. As you add more fertilizer the yield increases and the cost of production, per bushel, goes down, up to a point. You then get to the point where additional fertilizer doesn’t increase gain enough to justify the expense and cost per bushel starts to go back up. All of these factors depend on price of the fertilizer applied and value of the product produced.As you make your fertility plans for any crop production this year, it is important NOT to make a knee jerk reaction on cutting fertilizer rates. Start with a good soil test so we can properly account for the nutrients that you already have in your fields. Some years I might encourage you to build soil nutrient levels for nutrients like phosphorus (P). This is not one of those years.However, if you have been building P in your soil profile and have &gt;20 ppm in the 0-6 inch soil profile. This is the year you could reap the benefits. By significantly cutting back P based on your yield goal.Once we know what’s in the soil, we can determine a cost appropriate fertilizer application rate that won’t break the bank, hopefully. High prices do not negate the plant’s biological need for proper nutrient levels for good growth and decent yields. Now is not the time of making irrational decisions. Now is the time to approach crop production with a keen management mind to get the best return on your dollar!If you have any questions or need to utilize our soil sampling probes to take your own soil samples--give us a call or drop by the Cottonwood District Offices in Hays and Great Bend.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: How much fertilizer can I afford?

Soil tests are a valuable tool that many home gardeners don’t utilize.

“Most gardeners think that soil tests are done only to find out what nutrients are deficient,” said Kansas State University horticulture expert Ward Upham. “However, it is just as important to know if you have adequate levels of nutrients so you don’t add unneeded fertilizer.”

Upham said soil testing not only saves money from adding excess to the garden, but also helps plants thrive by balancing nutrients and helps the environment by limiting fertilizer pollution. He urges gardeners to take a soil test this spring if one hasn’t been done in several years.

How to Perform a Soil Test Upham said gardeners will need a clean plastic bucket, a soil probe and a trowel.

“The first step in taking a soil test is planning where the samples will be taken,” he said.k “Samples should be taken from several dry areas in the garden or lawn.”

· Take eight sub-samples from the same area.

· Mix sub-samples together in a clean container.

· From the mixed sub-samples, select 1 pint of soil.

“After you have all your samples, take your soil to your local K-State Research and Extension office and pay a fee to have it tested at the soil lab,” Upham said.

For more detailed instructions, visit K-State's department of agronomy’s page dedicated to soil test.

What a Test Does and Does Not Tell You According to Upham, soil tests will indicate the pH levels and presence of phosphorus and potassium – common ingredients in fertilizer. The test can also identify other nutrients, if desired.

“Though soil tests are useful for identifying nutrient deficiencies and soil pH, they do not tell the whole story,” Upham said. “We often receive soils from gardeners that are having a difficult time growing crops even though the soil test shows the pH is fine and the nutrients are not deficient.”

If plants are still not thriving after adequate soil test results, Upham said some reasons my include not enough sun, lack of organic matter in clay soil, excessive or improper watering, nearby herbicide-producing walnut trees, nearby tree roots, or shallow soils.

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Soil tests are a valuable tool that many home gardeners don’t utilize.“Most gardeners think that soil tests are done only to find out what nutrients are deficient,” said Kansas State University horticulture expert Ward Upham. “However, it is just as important to know if you have adequate levels of nutrients so you don’t add unneeded fertilizer.”Upham said soil testing not only saves money from adding excess to the garden, but also helps plants thrive by balancing nutrients and helps the environment by limiting fertilizer pollution. He urges gardeners to take a soil test this spring if one hasn’t been done in several years.How to Perform a Soil Test Upham said gardeners will need a clean plastic bucket, a soil probe and a trowel.“The first step in taking a soil test is planning where the samples will be taken,” he said.k “Samples should be taken from several dry areas in the garden or lawn.”Then, according to Upham:· Dig 6-8 inches deep in the soil.· Take eight sub-samples from the same area.· Mix sub-samples together in a clean container.· From the mixed sub-samples, select 1 pint of soil.· Leave your sample to air-dry.“After you have all your samples, take your soil to your local K-State Research and Extension office and pay a fee to have it tested at the soil lab,” Upham said.For more detailed instructions, visit K-State's department of agronomy’s page dedicated to soil test.What a Test Does and Does Not Tell You According to Upham, soil tests will indicate the pH levels and presence of phosphorus and potassium – common ingredients in fertilizer. The test can also identify other nutrients, if desired.“Though soil tests are useful for identifying nutrient deficiencies and soil pH, they do not tell the whole story,” Upham said. “We often receive soils from gardeners that are having a difficult time growing crops even though the soil test shows the pH is fine and the nutrients are not deficient.”If plants are still not thriving after adequate soil test results, Upham said some reasons my include not enough sun, lack of organic matter in clay soil, excessive or improper watering, nearby herbicide-producing walnut trees, nearby tree roots, or shallow soils.Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

BOOR: Soil tests

Writing a final news column has proven to be more difficult than I expected. I started last week and then started again and the words just don’t seem to want to be in print. I thought I had a great amount of wisdom to share but maybe the words will develop into a final column next week.

Friday, February 25th will be my final official day in the Cottonwood Extension District Office in Hays. I have asked Donna Maskus, a master food volunteer for many years, to help me with a program on scones and the program will be held in Hays. If you would like to join us Friday, February 25th beginning at 12:10 pm, we will meet at the Extension Office meeting room at 601 Main Street in Hays.

Following the program we you can stop by anytime between 1 and 3 pm on Friday for some scones and tea. Donna and I have baked and tried a variety of recipes and we will share the best with you in a handout. We also have many past Kansas Wheat Commission booklets from the past that we would like to share.

I realize most Barton County friends won’t drive to Hays but never fear I know I will see you in the future. If you are not able to come, we can still get you a handout with scone recipes. Don’t be a stranger to the Extension Office and all the Extension activities in the future.

I don’t believe in forever good-byes. I know I will meet up with you in the future. Good Luck to all of you as you continue your good work in your community. And if those words of wisdom pop into my mind this week, maybe I will be allowed one more column.

Berny Unruh is the Family and Community Wellness Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. She can be reached at 785-628-9430 or at bunruh@ksu.edu

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/4/1588274071306.jpeg" alt="written by: Berny Unruh - Family and Community Wellness agent for the Cottonwood Extension District." />
 <figcaption>written by: Berny Unruh - Family and Community Wellness agent for the Cottonwood Extension District.</figcaption>
 </figure>Writing a final news column has proven to be more difficult than I expected. I started last week and then started again and the words just don’t seem to want to be in print. I thought I had a great amount of wisdom to share but maybe the words will develop into a final column next week.Friday, February 25th will be my final official day in the Cottonwood Extension District Office in Hays. I have asked Donna Maskus, a master food volunteer for many years, to help me with a program on scones and the program will be held in Hays. If you would like to join us Friday, February 25th beginning at 12:10 pm, we will meet at the Extension Office meeting room at 601 Main Street in Hays.Following the program we you can stop by anytime between 1 and 3 pm on Friday for some scones and tea. Donna and I have baked and tried a variety of recipes and we will share the best with you in a handout. We also have many past Kansas Wheat Commission booklets from the past that we would like to share.I realize most Barton County friends won’t drive to Hays but never fear I know I will see you in the future. If you are not able to come, we can still get you a handout with scone recipes. Don’t be a stranger to the Extension Office and all the Extension activities in the future.I don’t believe in forever good-byes. I know I will meet up with you in the future. Good Luck to all of you as you continue your good work in your community. And if those words of wisdom pop into my mind this week, maybe I will be allowed one more column.Berny Unruh is the Family and Community Wellness Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. She can be reached at 785-628-9430 or at bunruh@ksu.edu

UNRUH: Time to say farewell

Before the month of February passes us by, I want to share some great resources related to heart health. “Heart disease” is a catch-all phrase for a variety of conditions that affect the heart’s structure and function. The most common type of heart disease is coronary heart disease. In fact, when people talk about “heart disease” they often mean coronary heart disease.

Coronary heart disease occurs when plaque (a combination of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances found in the blood) builds up in your arteries. You may have heard this called clogged arteries of atherosclerosis. The plaque reduces the amount of oxygen-rich blood getting to your heart, which can cause chest pain (also called angina). Plaque can also lead to blood clots, which block blood flow and are the most common cause of a heart attack.

There are several things you can do to protect yourself from cardiovascular diseases. These include:

· Ask your doctor about your blood pressure, cholesterol, and A1C.

· Reduce the sodium, and increase the fruits, vegetables, and whole grains in your diet.

A fact sheet on the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute web site goes a step further by reinforcing a self-care routine that can help your heart. Besides keeping tabs on the bullet points listed above, part of self-care is knowing your health status. Even during uncertain and busy times, it is important to get your blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol levels checked.

What are the obstacles to self-care? Three obstacles are noted in the fact sheet. They include:

· Lack of confidence in one’s ability to make a change

Many studies show that having positive, close relationships and feeling connected to others helps our blood pressure, weight, overall health, and more. Self-care includes being patient with your body. You may not see or feel the results of your efforts right away. But small steps can lead to big progress. When we take care of #OurHearts as part of our self-care, we set an example for others to do the same. Visit hearttruth.gov for resources and tools to help you and your loved ones make heart-healthy lifestyle changes.

Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent, with K-State Research &amp; Extension - Cottonwood Extension District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141404420.png" alt="Donna Krug, District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent – Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>Donna Krug, District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent – Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Before the month of February passes us by, I want to share some great resources related to heart health. “Heart disease” is a catch-all phrase for a variety of conditions that affect the heart’s structure and function. The most common type of heart disease is coronary heart disease. In fact, when people talk about “heart disease” they often mean coronary heart disease.Coronary heart disease occurs when plaque (a combination of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances found in the blood) builds up in your arteries. You may have heard this called clogged arteries of atherosclerosis. The plaque reduces the amount of oxygen-rich blood getting to your heart, which can cause chest pain (also called angina). Plaque can also lead to blood clots, which block blood flow and are the most common cause of a heart attack.There are several things you can do to protect yourself from cardiovascular diseases. These include:· Ask your doctor about your blood pressure, cholesterol, and A1C.· Reduce the sodium, and increase the fruits, vegetables, and whole grains in your diet.· Be physically active.· Maintain a healthy weight.· Do not smoke.· Manage stress.· Keep diabetes under control.A fact sheet on the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute web site goes a step further by reinforcing a self-care routine that can help your heart. Besides keeping tabs on the bullet points listed above, part of self-care is knowing your health status. Even during uncertain and busy times, it is important to get your blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol levels checked.What are the obstacles to self-care? Three obstacles are noted in the fact sheet. They include:· Lack of confidence in one’s ability to make a change· Depression· Having more than one health concern.Many studies show that having positive, close relationships and feeling connected to others helps our blood pressure, weight, overall health, and more. Self-care includes being patient with your body. You may not see or feel the results of your efforts right away. But small steps can lead to big progress. When we take care of #OurHearts as part of our self-care, we set an example for others to do the same. Visit hearttruth.gov for resources and tools to help you and your loved ones make heart-healthy lifestyle changes.Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent, with K-State Research &amp; Extension - Cottonwood Extension District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider.

KRUG: February is American Heart Month

I have been watching some of the Olympics over the last few weeks. While there can be controversy surrounding these events, I chose to focus on the time and effort of the athletes, many of whom have sacrificed so much to be in this competition.

While watching skating, the announcers were discussing one of the Australian skaters who has come back from a serious injury and then illness in order to make their best effort and show the result of years of training and focus on the tiniest details.

I think of countless hours of training, planning, and practice time each of them put in with a goal to be better every time. It is easy for me to watch and be critical of errors and think of how effortless the athlete makes is look while recognizing that there are so many details of a performance that I don’t understand or even notice that can have a huge impact on a score.

This past weekend, 4-H members across Barton County competed in our 4-H Club Day. This event provides an opportunity for youth to showcase their communication skills through demonstrations, illustrated talks, public speaking, and skits. In the same way that athletes don’t magically have all of the skills to successfully hurl themselves into the air in a skating competition, public speakers don’t automatically have all the skills to plan, organize, and effectively share their thoughts and ideas. It starts small and they improve their skills with feedback from others. In both cases, it takes many hours of practice and a focus on consistency to be better.

I loved to skate as a little girl but my double-runner skates, and lack of natural ability, were not going to make me a champion skater. In a similar manner, not all of us going to feel comfortable addressing huge crowds or even small crowds. But each of us can work on skills to improve our communication with others every day. We can channel a little of those Olympic athletes as we set about finding mentors who will give us frank and honest feedback as well as opportunities to improve our own communication skills.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/1/1579114162620.jpeg" alt="written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>I have been watching some of the Olympics over the last few weeks. While there can be controversy surrounding these events, I chose to focus on the time and effort of the athletes, many of whom have sacrificed so much to be in this competition.While watching skating, the announcers were discussing one of the Australian skaters who has come back from a serious injury and then illness in order to make their best effort and show the result of years of training and focus on the tiniest details.I think of countless hours of training, planning, and practice time each of them put in with a goal to be better every time. It is easy for me to watch and be critical of errors and think of how effortless the athlete makes is look while recognizing that there are so many details of a performance that I don’t understand or even notice that can have a huge impact on a score.This past weekend, 4-H members across Barton County competed in our 4-H Club Day. This event provides an opportunity for youth to showcase their communication skills through demonstrations, illustrated talks, public speaking, and skits. In the same way that athletes don’t magically have all of the skills to successfully hurl themselves into the air in a skating competition, public speakers don’t automatically have all the skills to plan, organize, and effectively share their thoughts and ideas. It starts small and they improve their skills with feedback from others. In both cases, it takes many hours of practice and a focus on consistency to be better.I loved to skate as a little girl but my double-runner skates, and lack of natural ability, were not going to make me a champion skater. In a similar manner, not all of us going to feel comfortable addressing huge crowds or even small crowds. But each of us can work on skills to improve our communication with others every day. We can channel a little of those Olympic athletes as we set about finding mentors who will give us frank and honest feedback as well as opportunities to improve our own communication skills.Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness.Michelle Beran is the 4-H and Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District – Barton County office. For more information on this article or other 4-H and Youth Development related questions, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call 620-793-1910.

BERAN: Inspiring communication

K-State Research and Extension recognizes the uncertainty that farmers and ranchers are experiencing due to fluctuating cattle and input prices. More than ever, risk management of the operation is critical to long-term sustainability.

Jenny Ifft says successful cow-calf producers are “risk experts. They face multiple sources of risk every day,” said Ifft, an agricultural policy specialist with K-State Research and Extension. “Forage production can vary dramatically based on when or how much it rains. If the market tanks the month before they sell their herd, a producer’s profit could be wiped out.”

LaVell Winsor, a farm analyst with K-State’s Department of Agricultural Economics, said some of the topics covered on Feb. 23 include enterprise budgeting, cattle marketing and cow-calf insurance options.

“It is important for ranchers to understand their cost structure because there is a wide range of costs of production,” Winsor said. “Marketing is always critical, but with high feed costs (currently), it is especially important for cattle producers to be watching for opportunities to lock in profits.”

Ifft said cow-calf producers can also be strategic when considering insurance options. She notes that half of Kansas currently is facing moderate drought and feed prices are volatile.

“Insurance products are available to help producers manage forage risk and price risk by making payouts when a producer’s local area is abnormally dry, and when cattle prices are lower than expected,” she said.

This Cow/calf Risk Management Workshop is being conducted by K-State Agricultural Economists along with 28 county and district Extension offices across the state. It will be held on Wednesday, February 23rd, from 5:30-8:30 pm. The Cottonwood Extension District in both Hays and Great Bend will be hosting this workshop. In Hays it will be held at the Cottonwood District meeting room, 601 Main Street and in Great Bend at their office meeting room, 3007 10th Street.

This session is part of the Risk Management Series for Kansas Women in Agriculture, but can be attended individually. This program is open to anyone interested in attending.

Registration fee $15.00, payable at the local location that night for printed materials and meal. Registration is requested at www.agmanager.info/events or give either office a call Hays at 785-628-9430, Great Bend 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/2/1645032424884.jpeg" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>K-State Research and Extension recognizes the uncertainty that farmers and ranchers are experiencing due to fluctuating cattle and input prices. More than ever, risk management of the operation is critical to long-term sustainability.Jenny Ifft says successful cow-calf producers are “risk experts. They face multiple sources of risk every day,” said Ifft, an agricultural policy specialist with K-State Research and Extension. “Forage production can vary dramatically based on when or how much it rains. If the market tanks the month before they sell their herd, a producer’s profit could be wiped out.”LaVell Winsor, a farm analyst with K-State’s Department of Agricultural Economics, said some of the topics covered on Feb. 23 include enterprise budgeting, cattle marketing and cow-calf insurance options.“It is important for ranchers to understand their cost structure because there is a wide range of costs of production,” Winsor said. “Marketing is always critical, but with high feed costs (currently), it is especially important for cattle producers to be watching for opportunities to lock in profits.”Ifft said cow-calf producers can also be strategic when considering insurance options. She notes that half of Kansas currently is facing moderate drought and feed prices are volatile.“Insurance products are available to help producers manage forage risk and price risk by making payouts when a producer’s local area is abnormally dry, and when cattle prices are lower than expected,” she said.This Cow/calf Risk Management Workshop is being conducted by K-State Agricultural Economists along with 28 county and district Extension offices across the state. It will be held on Wednesday, February 23rd, from 5:30-8:30 pm. The Cottonwood Extension District in both Hays and Great Bend will be hosting this workshop. In Hays it will be held at the Cottonwood District meeting room, 601 Main Street and in Great Bend at their office meeting room, 3007 10th Street.This session is part of the Risk Management Series for Kansas Women in Agriculture, but can be attended individually. This program is open to anyone interested in attending.Registration fee $15.00, payable at the local location that night for printed materials and meal. Registration is requested at www.agmanager.info/events or give either office a call Hays at 785-628-9430, Great Bend 620-793-1910.

CAMPBELL: Risk management for cow/calf producers

Kansas State University’s Animal Sciences and Industry Department will host Cattlemen’s Day 2022 on Friday, March 4 at Weber Hall in Manhattan. A highlight of this year’s event will be beef cattle research project updates by K-State ASI faculty.&nbsp;

The program begins at 9:30 a.m. Following the K-State beef research update, Glynn Tonsor, K-State ag economics professor, will give a beef industry economic outlook.&nbsp;

“We’re excited to be back in person to host the 109th KSU Cattlemen’s Day,” says AJ Tarpoff, K-State associate professor and Cattlemen’s Day co-chairman. “Our annual program strives to address key issues and to provide current information that keeps our industry efficient and relevant. For many attendees, this may be their first time back to campus in over a year, so we wanted to ensure that this year’s lineup will be well worth their trip.”&nbsp;

The day starts at 8 a.m. with refreshments, educational exhibits and a commercial trade show. Tarpoff adds, “This year we have numerous participants signed up for our allied industry trade show. Hosted on the floor in Weber Arena, the trade show provides a forum for the attendees to observe what’s new in the beef industry and network with key industry leaders.”&nbsp;

Lunch will be smoked brisket sponsored by U.S. Premium Beef and trade show exhibitors. Cajun-spiced catfish will also be available. The afternoon sessions will feature K-State faculty and industry presentations in Weber Hall 123, 146 and 111 discussing an array of topics, including:&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Kansas State University’s Animal Sciences and Industry Department will host Cattlemen’s Day 2022 on Friday, March 4 at Weber Hall in Manhattan. A highlight of this year’s event will be beef cattle research project updates by K-State ASI faculty.&nbsp;The program begins at 9:30 a.m. Following the K-State beef research update, Glynn Tonsor, K-State ag economics professor, will give a beef industry economic outlook.&nbsp;“We’re excited to be back in person to host the 109th KSU Cattlemen’s Day,” says AJ Tarpoff, K-State associate professor and Cattlemen’s Day co-chairman. “Our annual program strives to address key issues and to provide current information that keeps our industry efficient and relevant. For many attendees, this may be their first time back to campus in over a year, so we wanted to ensure that this year’s lineup will be well worth their trip.”&nbsp;The day starts at 8 a.m. with refreshments, educational exhibits and a commercial trade show. Tarpoff adds, “This year we have numerous participants signed up for our allied industry trade show. Hosted on the floor in Weber Arena, the trade show provides a forum for the attendees to observe what’s new in the beef industry and network with key industry leaders.”&nbsp;Lunch will be smoked brisket sponsored by U.S. Premium Beef and trade show exhibitors. Cajun-spiced catfish will also be available. The afternoon sessions will feature K-State faculty and industry presentations in Weber Hall 123, 146 and 111 discussing an array of topics, including:&nbsp;<ul>
 <li>What’s Up with the Weather — Jeff Basara, University of Oklahoma School of Meteorology professor, will discuss weather extremes and outlook.&nbsp;</li><li>Rules of the Road for Kansas Farmers and Ranchers — Kansas Highway Patrol will give an overview of ways to utilize the road.&nbsp;</li><li>Reproductive Research Updates, All Things Reproduction Questions-and-Answer Session — Sandy Johnson, KSU ASI extension beef specialist, and David Grieger, KSU ASI professor, will outline advancements made in terms of reproductive research followed by an interactive discussion session focused on beef cattle reproduction.&nbsp;</li><li>Meat Alternatives, Taste Testing and Consumer Acceptance — Lane Eggers, KSU ASI extension associate and graduate student, will discuss meat alternatives and their acceptance.&nbsp; The cost to attend Cattlemen’s Day 2022 is $25 if paid by February 25 or $35 at the door. There is no charge for students who pre-register. For more details and online registration, go to:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.asi.k-state.edu/events/cattlemens-day/" target="_blank">asi.ksu.edu/CattlemensDay</a>. For more information, contact Lois Schreiner at 785-532-1267 or&nbsp;<a href="mailto:lschrein@ksu.edu?subject=" target="_blank">lschrein@ksu.edu</a>.&nbsp; Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.&nbsp;</li>
 </ul>

BOOR: Cattlemen's Day 2022

Can you remember where you were on December 15th, 2021? That was the day the wind storm caused damage in our community and serious wildfires broke out for our neighbors to the north. K-State Research and Extension agents in the affected area sprang into action. They helped set up shelters and coordinated the donations of food and supplies. Sharing links to agencies who could provide hay for animals and other resources was imperative.

In mid-January I received a text message from a friend who quilts asking if those who lost their homes in the December 15th wildfires in Ellis and Russell Counties would appreciate getting a quilt? Just two days earlier our Cottonwood Team members had discussed this at our retreat so the timing was perfect. Several phone calls later, I had a long list of families who had lost their homes.

I spent an afternoon calling the cell phone numbers that had been shared with me. It was an amazing experience to hear the stories of that memorable day. All of the individuals I visited with were so grateful to have survived the fast-moving wildfires. While many animals were lost, they felt so fortunate that their family members had survived. I heard about one person who survived the flames by pulling his truck on top of a limestone rock and the fire literally went over him.

The word resilience comes to mind when I think of the visits with those who lost their homes. Some are temporarily staying in an RV or with extended family. One families’ landlord had a vacant property that he is letting them stay in for six months rent free while they get back on their feet. Their demonstration of faith and their positive attitude really warmed my heart.

The next phone calls were made to a couple of groups of quilters in the Great Bend community. The Cycle Sewing group meets regularly making quilts for times like this. And the Central Kansas Threadbenders quilt guild had several TLC quilts that they were eager to donate. In all thirty-two quilts were shared with families, including 9 kids, ages 2 – 14. I recently organized getting the quilts delivered so that the recipients can feel the caring and love that each quilt can bring. And believe me, the quilts were appreciated!

To bring this project full circle I am looking forward to sharing stories and perhaps a few pictures at their monthly guild meeting next week.

Donna Krug is the District Director and Family and Consumer Science Agent for K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141404420.png" alt="written by: Donna Krug - District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent, Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Donna Krug - District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent, Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Can you remember where you were on December 15th, 2021? That was the day the wind storm caused damage in our community and serious wildfires broke out for our neighbors to the north. K-State Research and Extension agents in the affected area sprang into action. They helped set up shelters and coordinated the donations of food and supplies. Sharing links to agencies who could provide hay for animals and other resources was imperative.In mid-January I received a text message from a friend who quilts asking if those who lost their homes in the December 15th wildfires in Ellis and Russell Counties would appreciate getting a quilt? Just two days earlier our Cottonwood Team members had discussed this at our retreat so the timing was perfect. Several phone calls later, I had a long list of families who had lost their homes.I spent an afternoon calling the cell phone numbers that had been shared with me. It was an amazing experience to hear the stories of that memorable day. All of the individuals I visited with were so grateful to have survived the fast-moving wildfires. While many animals were lost, they felt so fortunate that their family members had survived. I heard about one person who survived the flames by pulling his truck on top of a limestone rock and the fire literally went over him.The word resilience comes to mind when I think of the visits with those who lost their homes. Some are temporarily staying in an RV or with extended family. One families’ landlord had a vacant property that he is letting them stay in for six months rent free while they get back on their feet. Their demonstration of faith and their positive attitude really warmed my heart.The next phone calls were made to a couple of groups of quilters in the Great Bend community. The Cycle Sewing group meets regularly making quilts for times like this. And the Central Kansas Threadbenders quilt guild had several TLC quilts that they were eager to donate. In all thirty-two quilts were shared with families, including 9 kids, ages 2 – 14. I recently organized getting the quilts delivered so that the recipients can feel the caring and love that each quilt can bring. And believe me, the quilts were appreciated!To bring this project full circle I am looking forward to sharing stories and perhaps a few pictures at their monthly guild meeting next week.Donna Krug is the District Director and Family and Consumer Science Agent for K-State Research &amp; Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider.

KRUG: Quilters rally around families affected by wildfires

I love to bake on a cold, winter day because it seems to pick up my spirits. My latest interest is scones and with that I had some questions on ingredients and their purpose in baking.

I often get questions in the Extension office about baking soda and baking powder. The one thing you need to understand about baking soda and baking powder is that they are not the same thing. Baking soda is in baking powder, but they are not interchangeable items.

Baking Soda is chemically known as sodium bicarbonate. It’s used to chemically leaven doughs and batters when it is mixed with an acid. Combining baking soda with an acid produces a chemical reaction that releases carbon dioxide gas which causes the food to expand and become fluffy. If you always have light and airy pancakes, that’s the baking soda at work.

Some may place baking soda in the refrigerator because it will absorb orders lingering in that environment. That is a great use for baking soda, but don’t use that baking soda for baking and cooking!

Baking soda is often labeled with a best by date of 18 to 24 months, but you can always test its effectivity by mixing 1 1/2 teaspoons of baking soda in a bowl with 1 tablespoon of vinegar. It is still usable if it fizzes.

Baking soda becomes reactive when it’s exposed to acids (buttermilk, vinegar) and must be used right away otherwise the carbon dioxide-producing bubbles will begin to pop and result in a flat and dense product rather than something light and airy. So, it’s probably not a good idea to make and hold a batter for a long time. It’s better to use it right away (or at least within the hour)

especially once the baking soda and acidic ingredient has been combined. Protecting those bubbles is also why you’ll want to mix batters lightly. Vigorous mixing will cause bubbles to break.

Baking Powder is a mixture of baking soda and powdered acids. It’s usually found in recipes that do not call for additional acids because it already contains acid. Like baking soda, it makes products rise by producing carbon dioxide gas; however, it does so in two phases. First, the baking soda in the powder along with one of the acids starts producing carbon dioxide bubbles when they’re mixed with wet ingredients. The second rising phase happens when the other powdery acid reacts with the remaining baking soda producing more bubbles when exposed to heat over 170°F. This two-phase rising method is known as double-acting. There are single-acting baking powders available; these powders only rise once during the heating stage of baking. Your recipe will specifically call for single-acting baking powder if needed. Most baking powders are usually double-acting.

Like baking soda, you can test it to see if it’s still effective. Put one teaspoon of baking powder in a small bowl and mix in one tablespoon of warm water. If the baking powder doesn’t fizz when wet, it’s no longer active and should be thrown out.

Baking powder is usually dated with a “best by” range of 18 to 24 months, but it will last indefinitely if it does not become contaminated. Contamination happens when the same measuring spoon is used to measure other ingredients before it’s used to measure the baking powder.

Don’t have baking powder? You can make your own. For every 1 teaspoon of baking powder, substitute: 1/4 teaspoon baking soda, 1/2 teaspoon cream of tartar, and 1/4 teaspoon cornstarch

OR 1/4 teaspoon baking soda plus 1/2 cup buttermilk, sour milk or yogurt (for this substitution, you’ll want to decrease the liquid in the recipe by half)

All of these products should be stored in their original containers in a cool, dry place - not over your stove. The heat and moisture from cooking could chemically alter them.

I will be giving a presentation about scones on Friday, February 25, 2022 at noon at the Extension Office, 601 Main, Hays. More information will be available soon.

Berny Unruh is the Family and Community Wellness Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. She can be reached at 785-628-9430 or at bunruh@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/4/1588274071306.jpeg" alt="written by: Berny Unruh - Family and Community Wellness agent for the Cottonwood Extension District." />
 <figcaption>written by: Berny Unruh - Family and Community Wellness agent for the Cottonwood Extension District.</figcaption>
 </figure>I love to bake on a cold, winter day because it seems to pick up my spirits. My latest interest is scones and with that I had some questions on ingredients and their purpose in baking.I often get questions in the Extension office about baking soda and baking powder. The one thing you need to understand about baking soda and baking powder is that they are not the same thing. Baking soda is in baking powder, but they are not interchangeable items.Baking Soda is chemically known as sodium bicarbonate. It’s used to chemically leaven doughs and batters when it is mixed with an acid. Combining baking soda with an acid produces a chemical reaction that releases carbon dioxide gas which causes the food to expand and become fluffy. If you always have light and airy pancakes, that’s the baking soda at work.Some may place baking soda in the refrigerator because it will absorb orders lingering in that environment. That is a great use for baking soda, but don’t use that baking soda for baking and cooking!Baking soda is often labeled with a best by date of 18 to 24 months, but you can always test its effectivity by mixing 1 1/2 teaspoons of baking soda in a bowl with 1 tablespoon of vinegar. It is still usable if it fizzes.Baking soda becomes reactive when it’s exposed to acids (buttermilk, vinegar) and must be used right away otherwise the carbon dioxide-producing bubbles will begin to pop and result in a flat and dense product rather than something light and airy. So, it’s probably not a good idea to make and hold a batter for a long time. It’s better to use it right away (or at least within the hour)especially once the baking soda and acidic ingredient has been combined. Protecting those bubbles is also why you’ll want to mix batters lightly. Vigorous mixing will cause bubbles to break.Baking Powder is a mixture of baking soda and powdered acids. It’s usually found in recipes that do not call for additional acids because it already contains acid. Like baking soda, it makes products rise by producing carbon dioxide gas; however, it does so in two phases. First, the baking soda in the powder along with one of the acids starts producing carbon dioxide bubbles when they’re mixed with wet ingredients. The second rising phase happens when the other powdery acid reacts with the remaining baking soda producing more bubbles when exposed to heat over 170°F. This two-phase rising method is known as double-acting. There are single-acting baking powders available; these powders only rise once during the heating stage of baking. Your recipe will specifically call for single-acting baking powder if needed. Most baking powders are usually double-acting.Like baking soda, you can test it to see if it’s still effective. Put one teaspoon of baking powder in a small bowl and mix in one tablespoon of warm water. If the baking powder doesn’t fizz when wet, it’s no longer active and should be thrown out.Baking powder is usually dated with a “best by” range of 18 to 24 months, but it will last indefinitely if it does not become contaminated. Contamination happens when the same measuring spoon is used to measure other ingredients before it’s used to measure the baking powder.Don’t have baking powder? You can make your own. For every 1 teaspoon of baking powder, substitute: 1/4 teaspoon baking soda, 1/2 teaspoon cream of tartar, and 1/4 teaspoon cornstarchOR 1/4 teaspoon baking soda plus 1/2 cup buttermilk, sour milk or yogurt (for this substitution, you’ll want to decrease the liquid in the recipe by half)All of these products should be stored in their original containers in a cool, dry place - not over your stove. The heat and moisture from cooking could chemically alter them.I will be giving a presentation about scones on Friday, February 25, 2022 at noon at the Extension Office, 601 Main, Hays. More information will be available soon.Berny Unruh is the Family and Community Wellness Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. She can be reached at 785-628-9430 or at bunruh@ksu.edu.

UNRUH: Ingredients in baking

This summer,&nbsp;thousands of Kansas teenagers&nbsp;will&nbsp;begin their first job&nbsp;working for&nbsp;a farmer&nbsp;or rancher.&nbsp;&nbsp;For those that are&nbsp;ages 14 or 15, they must complete a tractor safety course in order to be legally employed.&nbsp;A thirteen-year-old may enroll in the training if turning 14 before the next year’s class is offered, but the certificate will not be issued until their fourteenth birthday.&nbsp;&nbsp;

To&nbsp;help&nbsp;prepare&nbsp;some of&nbsp;those youth for the upcoming work season,&nbsp;several K-State Research and Extension Districts&nbsp;are collaborating and&nbsp;will&nbsp;be hosting&nbsp;three&nbsp;in-person&nbsp;tractor safety&nbsp;classes&nbsp;scheduled for&nbsp;Saturdays,&nbsp;March 5 (Salina), April 9&nbsp;(Beloit) and May&nbsp;14&nbsp;(Great Bend).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

This course will meet&nbsp;the requirements of the U.S.&nbsp;Department of Labor’s Hazardous Occupations Order for Agriculture (HOOA). The HOOA regulations&nbsp;state&nbsp;that youth 14 and 15 years of age, who wish to work as a hired employee for someone other than a parent or legal guardian and operate a farm tractor that is 20 HP&nbsp;or greater, must successfully pass a tractor safety training program.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

The cost of the program is&nbsp;$15&nbsp;to cover&nbsp;the&nbsp;cost of materials for the course.&nbsp;&nbsp;Those wanting to enroll simply go online at&nbsp;<a href="http://www.postrock.ksu.edu/" target="_blank">www.postrock.ksu.edu</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;complete the registration&nbsp;at least 5 days prior to the scheduled course.&nbsp;&nbsp;The book for the course is available at your local Extension District office and will need to be purchased prior to the first class as participants are encouraged to go through the “safety activity sheets” at the end of each chapter prior to Saturday’s session.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

Prospective students&nbsp;can&nbsp;check availability&nbsp;and ask questions&nbsp;prior to registering by&nbsp;calling&nbsp;or&nbsp;emailing&nbsp;or Sandra Wick&nbsp;<a href="mailto:swick@ksu.edu" target="_blank">swick@ksu.edu</a>,&nbsp;Blaire Todd&nbsp;<a href="mailto:blairet@ksu.edu" target="_blank">blairet@ksu.edu</a>;&nbsp;Craig Dinkel,&nbsp;<a href="mailto:cadinkel@ksu.edu" target="_blank"></a><a href="mailto:cadinkel@ksu.edu" target="_blank">cadinkel@ksu.edu</a>;&nbsp;Clinton&nbsp;Laflin,&nbsp;<a href="mailto:cllaflin@ksu.edu" target="_blank"></a><a href="mailto:cllaflin@ksu.edu" target="_blank">cllaflin@ksu.edu</a>;&nbsp; Alicia Boor,&nbsp;<a href="mailto:aboor@ksu.edu" target="_blank"></a><a href="mailto:aboor@ksu.edu" target="_blank">aboor@ksu.edu</a>;&nbsp;Jay&nbsp;Wisbey&nbsp;or&nbsp;Justine Henderson,&nbsp;<a href="mailto:jwh04@ksu.edu" target="_blank"></a><a href="mailto:jwh04@ksu.edu" target="_blank">jwh04@ksu.edu</a>.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>This summer,&nbsp;thousands of Kansas teenagers&nbsp;will&nbsp;begin their first job&nbsp;working for&nbsp;a farmer&nbsp;or rancher.&nbsp;&nbsp;For those that are&nbsp;ages 14 or 15, they must complete a tractor safety course in order to be legally employed.&nbsp;A thirteen-year-old may enroll in the training if turning 14 before the next year’s class is offered, but the certificate will not be issued until their fourteenth birthday.&nbsp;&nbsp;To&nbsp;help&nbsp;prepare&nbsp;some of&nbsp;those youth for the upcoming work season,&nbsp;several K-State Research and Extension Districts&nbsp;are collaborating and&nbsp;will&nbsp;be hosting&nbsp;three&nbsp;in-person&nbsp;tractor safety&nbsp;classes&nbsp;scheduled for&nbsp;Saturdays,&nbsp;March 5 (Salina), April 9&nbsp;(Beloit) and May&nbsp;14&nbsp;(Great Bend).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;This course will meet&nbsp;the requirements of the U.S.&nbsp;Department of Labor’s Hazardous Occupations Order for Agriculture (HOOA). The HOOA regulations&nbsp;state&nbsp;that youth 14 and 15 years of age, who wish to work as a hired employee for someone other than a parent or legal guardian and operate a farm tractor that is 20 HP&nbsp;or greater, must successfully pass a tractor safety training program.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The cost of the program is&nbsp;$15&nbsp;to cover&nbsp;the&nbsp;cost of materials for the course.&nbsp;&nbsp;Those wanting to enroll simply go online at&nbsp;<a href="http://www.postrock.ksu.edu/" target="_blank">www.postrock.ksu.edu</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;complete the registration&nbsp;at least 5 days prior to the scheduled course.&nbsp;&nbsp;The book for the course is available at your local Extension District office and will need to be purchased prior to the first class as participants are encouraged to go through the “safety activity sheets” at the end of each chapter prior to Saturday’s session.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prospective students&nbsp;can&nbsp;check availability&nbsp;and ask questions&nbsp;prior to registering by&nbsp;calling&nbsp;or&nbsp;emailing&nbsp;or Sandra Wick&nbsp;<a href="mailto:swick@ksu.edu" target="_blank">swick@ksu.edu</a>,&nbsp;Blaire Todd&nbsp;<a href="mailto:blairet@ksu.edu" target="_blank">blairet@ksu.edu</a>;&nbsp;Craig Dinkel,&nbsp;<a href="mailto:cadinkel@ksu.edu" target="_blank"></a><a href="mailto:cadinkel@ksu.edu" target="_blank">cadinkel@ksu.edu</a>;&nbsp;Clinton&nbsp;Laflin,&nbsp;<a href="mailto:cllaflin@ksu.edu" target="_blank"></a><a href="mailto:cllaflin@ksu.edu" target="_blank">cllaflin@ksu.edu</a>;&nbsp; Alicia Boor,&nbsp;<a href="mailto:aboor@ksu.edu" target="_blank"></a><a href="mailto:aboor@ksu.edu" target="_blank">aboor@ksu.edu</a>;&nbsp;Jay&nbsp;Wisbey&nbsp;or&nbsp;Justine Henderson,&nbsp;<a href="mailto:jwh04@ksu.edu" target="_blank"></a><a href="mailto:jwh04@ksu.edu" target="_blank">jwh04@ksu.edu</a>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.&nbsp;

BOOR: Tractor safety classes offered by Extension Districts

This past week I had a great opportunity to attend a cattle conference. As part of the conference, we listened to a variety of speakers with keynotes by boxer George Foreman and football player Joe Theismann!

In both of their speeches, there was a common theme that applies to many of us.

George touched on Principles – knowing who you are and the foundation that provides; Fight – keep working toward goals every day; and Convictions – knowing what you believe in and being willing to work toward that, even when it is hard.

In Joe’s address, he highlighted the following:

Goals – set personal, professional, spiritual, and financial goals because without a goal, how do you know where you are headed or when you are making progress.

Attitude – “When is the last time you congratulated yourself?” and focused on working to keep a positive attitude every day, no matter the circumstances.

Teamwork – make sure that everyone on the team feels valued regardless of the size of their role.

Motivation – Keeping an eye on goals and attitude will help but at the end of the day, each of us must choose to be motivated to be better, to learn something new, to improve on a skill.

Both men have seen incredible success and have dealt with some pretty tough circumstances. They continue to use the lessons they have learned to be better people and I certainly respect that!

Everyone deals with their own set of circumstances and difficulties - some of our own making and some out of our control – but each of us can set goals, adjust our attitude, acknowledge those around us, and stay focused on our path to learn, grow, and improve every day.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/1/1579114162620.jpeg" alt="written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>This past week I had a great opportunity to attend a cattle conference. As part of the conference, we listened to a variety of speakers with keynotes by boxer George Foreman and football player Joe Theismann!In both of their speeches, there was a common theme that applies to many of us.George touched on Principles – knowing who you are and the foundation that provides; Fight – keep working toward goals every day; and Convictions – knowing what you believe in and being willing to work toward that, even when it is hard.In Joe’s address, he highlighted the following:Goals – set personal, professional, spiritual, and financial goals because without a goal, how do you know where you are headed or when you are making progress.Attitude – “When is the last time you congratulated yourself?” and focused on working to keep a positive attitude every day, no matter the circumstances.Teamwork – make sure that everyone on the team feels valued regardless of the size of their role.Motivation – Keeping an eye on goals and attitude will help but at the end of the day, each of us must choose to be motivated to be better, to learn something new, to improve on a skill.Both men have seen incredible success and have dealt with some pretty tough circumstances. They continue to use the lessons they have learned to be better people and I certainly respect that!Everyone deals with their own set of circumstances and difficulties - some of our own making and some out of our control – but each of us can set goals, adjust our attitude, acknowledge those around us, and stay focused on our path to learn, grow, and improve every day.Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness.Michelle Beran is the 4-H and Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District – Barton County office. For more information on this article or other 4-H and Youth Development related questions, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call 620-793-1910.

BERAN: Listening for inspiration 

Growers are concerned about the high prices and availability of chemicals for weed management in 2022! To help producers and service providers with this most challenging production situation. K-State Research &amp; Extension Offices in northwest and north central Kansas have scheduled a series of Weed Management Update Meetings on February 15 &amp; 16th.

Colby, City Limits Convention Center 2227 S. Range Ave 9 a.m. to noon

Osborne, United Christian Church 214 North 2nd Street 3 p.m. to 6 p.m.

Hill City, Graham County 4-H Building Fairgrounds 9 a.m. to noon

Claflin, Community Center 409 A Street 3 p.m. to 6 p.m.

Topics for the meeting will include revisiting residual herbicides in corn; non-chemical approaches to deal with herbicide shortages and prices; research update in application technology along with a question and answer session. Presenters for the program will include K-State Research and Extension weed management specialists, along with Randy Lloyd, technology research scientist with the University of Nebraska will share his research from the application technology lab at North Platte. Three Pest Management CCA credits and 3 commercial applicator CEU’s are available.

Registration is requested for the meal count by Friday, February 11 online at www.northwest.ksu.edu/events or call your local Extension Office.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/2/1643991208312.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>Growers are concerned about the high prices and availability of chemicals for weed management in 2022! To help producers and service providers with this most challenging production situation. K-State Research &amp; Extension Offices in northwest and north central Kansas have scheduled a series of Weed Management Update Meetings on February 15 &amp; 16th.February 15Colby, City Limits Convention Center 2227 S. Range Ave 9 a.m. to noonOsborne, United Christian Church 214 North 2nd Street 3 p.m. to 6 p.m.February 16Hill City, Graham County 4-H Building Fairgrounds 9 a.m. to noonClaflin, Community Center 409 A Street 3 p.m. to 6 p.m.Topics for the meeting will include revisiting residual herbicides in corn; non-chemical approaches to deal with herbicide shortages and prices; research update in application technology along with a question and answer session. Presenters for the program will include K-State Research and Extension weed management specialists, along with Randy Lloyd, technology research scientist with the University of Nebraska will share his research from the application technology lab at North Platte. Three Pest Management CCA credits and 3 commercial applicator CEU’s are available.Registration is requested for the meal count by Friday, February 11 online at www.northwest.ksu.edu/events or call your local Extension Office.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: Weed management school in Claflin

I remember as a kid growing up in a conservative Kansas farm family we always paid for our purchases with cash or a check. My first experience with establishing credit was at age 15 when I made three equal payments to the company I bought my new Singer sewing machine from. No interest was added; it was just a way to show my responsibility to pay a bill in full. I still like to wait until I have the money in hand before making a sizable purchase. It just feels right.

For many families, credit is a tool used to accomplish their short- and long-term goals. When managed successfully, a home mortgage, car or student loan, and credit card account can bring many benefits, such as home ownership, a college education, or landing the job of your dreams. Poor management of credit can result in higher costs, lost opportunities, and added stress.

If you listen to radio talk shows like Dave Ramsey, you have probably memorized his words of advice to live within your means. If you don’t have the money to make a large purchase, then take baby steps to save up the money before signing on the dotted line. Getting spending under control is a matter of understanding the difference between needs and wants, setting financial goals, and following a spending plan or budget.

Since it is early in the year, I consider it the perfect time to get a handle on your finances. I have an excellent set of materials to help you get started with setting up a budget for your household. One of my favorite handouts is titled, “Does Your Money Have Wings?” The handout encourages participants to mark the items they use on a regular basis and add up the cost for a year. Things like purchasing expensive snacks/drinks often, tobacco use, cell phone or TV/internet plans can be costlier than you realize. If you find out your daily soda adds up to over $500 in a year’s time, you might want to think about what else your family needs that could have been purchased.

Let me hear from you if you are ready to take a closer look at your spending. I’ll be happy to share the “Does Your Money Have Wings” handout with you!

Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141404420.png" alt="written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Donna Krug - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>I remember as a kid growing up in a conservative Kansas farm family we always paid for our purchases with cash or a check. My first experience with establishing credit was at age 15 when I made three equal payments to the company I bought my new Singer sewing machine from. No interest was added; it was just a way to show my responsibility to pay a bill in full. I still like to wait until I have the money in hand before making a sizable purchase. It just feels right.For many families, credit is a tool used to accomplish their short- and long-term goals. When managed successfully, a home mortgage, car or student loan, and credit card account can bring many benefits, such as home ownership, a college education, or landing the job of your dreams. Poor management of credit can result in higher costs, lost opportunities, and added stress.If you listen to radio talk shows like Dave Ramsey, you have probably memorized his words of advice to live within your means. If you don’t have the money to make a large purchase, then take baby steps to save up the money before signing on the dotted line. Getting spending under control is a matter of understanding the difference between needs and wants, setting financial goals, and following a spending plan or budget.Since it is early in the year, I consider it the perfect time to get a handle on your finances. I have an excellent set of materials to help you get started with setting up a budget for your household. One of my favorite handouts is titled, “Does Your Money Have Wings?” The handout encourages participants to mark the items they use on a regular basis and add up the cost for a year. Things like purchasing expensive snacks/drinks often, tobacco use, cell phone or TV/internet plans can be costlier than you realize. If you find out your daily soda adds up to over $500 in a year’s time, you might want to think about what else your family needs that could have been purchased.Let me hear from you if you are ready to take a closer look at your spending. I’ll be happy to share the “Does Your Money Have Wings” handout with you!Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or dkrug@ksu.edu.

KRUG: Does your money have wings?

I have shared before that resilience is the ability to cope with and recover from life’s difficulties. It is not something that naturally occurs but it is a skill that can be learned. As a parent, it is something that we should work on with our children at a very nearly age.

Children learn from watching adults, and watching parents cope with everyday stress in a calm and flexible manner will help them learn to respond in a positive way. Remember that children are also closely watching the negative way adults handle life’s challenges.

The following information on building resilience in children is from Michigan State University Extension. “The most important thing to build resiliency in a child’s life is a strong, secure attachment with a caring adult. It can be a parent, grandparent or other caregiver, as long as that relationship is reliable, loving and trustworthy. A child will thrive in many areas of development when they feel loved, understood and accepted, and building strong resiliency skills is no different. It is through these secure relationships that they can learn to regulate their feelings and thoughts”

MSU offers the following suggestions for building caring relationships.

· Play. This is a great way to connect with kids of all ages

· Comfort. This helps children feel they are not alone with their big feelings.

· Listen. This simple technique shows children that what they’re saying about their feelings is important.

· Show Empathy. This is seeing an issue or problem from another’s point of view. You, as the listener, do not have to agree. Just let the child know you understand how they feel. This makes it easier for them to try to understand others.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/4/1588274071306.jpeg" alt="written by: Berny Unruh - Family and Community Wellness agent for the Cottonwood Extension District." />
 <figcaption>written by: Berny Unruh - Family and Community Wellness agent for the Cottonwood Extension District.</figcaption>
 </figure>I have shared before that resilience is the ability to cope with and recover from life’s difficulties. It is not something that naturally occurs but it is a skill that can be learned. As a parent, it is something that we should work on with our children at a very nearly age.Children learn from watching adults, and watching parents cope with everyday stress in a calm and flexible manner will help them learn to respond in a positive way. Remember that children are also closely watching the negative way adults handle life’s challenges.The following information on building resilience in children is from Michigan State University Extension. “The most important thing to build resiliency in a child’s life is a strong, secure attachment with a caring adult. It can be a parent, grandparent or other caregiver, as long as that relationship is reliable, loving and trustworthy. A child will thrive in many areas of development when they feel loved, understood and accepted, and building strong resiliency skills is no different. It is through these secure relationships that they can learn to regulate their feelings and thoughts”MSU offers the following suggestions for building caring relationships.· Play. This is a great way to connect with kids of all ages· Comfort. This helps children feel they are not alone with their big feelings.· Listen. This simple technique shows children that what they’re saying about their feelings is important.· Show Empathy. This is seeing an issue or problem from another’s point of view. You, as the listener, do not have to agree. Just let the child know you understand how they feel. This makes it easier for them to try to understand others.· Identify feelings. “You look frustrated/angry/mad/happy/sad.” This will help them socially identify how they are feeling and be able to use their words versus body parts to settle disputes, but also helps them realize other people have feelings too. · Reduce TV time. Children under 2 years old should not be allowed any screen time. Children 2-4 years should watch less than 1 hour per day. Instead, read or go to the park.· Read or tell stories. Books are a great way to read about characters that show compassion, kindness and understanding for others.· Don’t rush to their rescue. Let them attempt to solve problems on their own when the outcome isn’t big and life-altering. When they are younger, let them have opportunities to problem-solve and make good choices, such as negotiating a turn on the swing or falling off their bike. As they get older, the decisions they make will involve driving and relationships that could result in more harsh consequences than when they were younger.We know that all children will face challenges and it is important that we help them develop skills so they can handle those obstacles in life.Berny Unruh is the Family and Community Wellness Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. She can be reached at 785-628-9430 or at bunruh@ksu.edu.