Good nutrition is important to overall health, and it begins at birth, said the experts at the Kansas State University Beef Cattle Institute on a recent Cattle Chat podcast where they discussed the importance of the calves nursing within the first 24 hours of life.

“Colostrum is the first milk that the calf gets from its mother that contains a lot of immunity to set it up for the first 4-5 months of life,” said K-State veterinarian Brad White. “As soon as the calf starts drinking, it has 12-24 hours to absorb the colostrum before its gut closes.”

To help facilitate the delivery of colostrum to the calf, veterinarian Bob Larson said there needs to be selection pressure put on teat size and udder structure.

“I want the cows to deliver the colostrum, so I am going to retain females that have a good mothering ability along with a quality udder,” Larson said.

“Once the calf starts to nurse, make sure they get a full dose of colostrum because once milk enters their gut, the process of closing begins,”.

One step that producers can do to set up the cows for success is to make sure they maintain a good body condition entering the calving season and while they are nursing calves.

“Cows that are thin will produce colostrum that is of lower quality than those that are receiving good nutrition,” said Phillip Lancaster, beef cattle nutritionist. “Research has shown that a calf born to a thin cow in a stressful delivery will experience a diminished absorption of the colostrum.”

To make sure the cows maintain their weight pre-calving, Lancaster said producers need to be sure that the energy and protein requirements are an emphasis in the ration.

Even with the best preparation, experts agree that difficult births do happen occasionally and at a higher rate with heifers calving for the first time.

“When the female and her calf have gone through a difficult birth, often both the dam and the calf are exhausted and nursing becomes a challenge,” Larson said. “This may be a time when the producer needs to intervene and supplement the colostrum.”

In such a case, producers have options to consider on sourcing the colostrum.

“The best option for the colostrum is to get it from the dam herself even if that means you have to milk out the cow and give it to the calf through a bottle or tube depending on how well the calf is thriving,” Lubbers said.

If that is not possible, then Lubbers recommends supplementing with a commercial replacement powder or obtaining colostrum from another cow within the herd that the producer was able to collect earlier in the calving season.

“Because of the biosecurity risks, I would only use colostrum from my own herd or provide it by way of a commercial supplement,”

Larson agreed with this recommendation, adding: “Make sure to keep some commercial supplement on hand because the timing of when this needs to be delivered is important.”

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910. K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Good nutrition is important to overall health, and it begins at birth, said the experts at the Kansas State University Beef Cattle Institute on a recent Cattle Chat podcast where they discussed the importance of the calves nursing within the first 24 hours of life.“Colostrum is the first milk that the calf gets from its mother that contains a lot of immunity to set it up for the first 4-5 months of life,” said K-State veterinarian Brad White. “As soon as the calf starts drinking, it has 12-24 hours to absorb the colostrum before its gut closes.”To help facilitate the delivery of colostrum to the calf, veterinarian Bob Larson said there needs to be selection pressure put on teat size and udder structure.“I want the cows to deliver the colostrum, so I am going to retain females that have a good mothering ability along with a quality udder,” Larson said.“Once the calf starts to nurse, make sure they get a full dose of colostrum because once milk enters their gut, the process of closing begins,”.One step that producers can do to set up the cows for success is to make sure they maintain a good body condition entering the calving season and while they are nursing calves.“Cows that are thin will produce colostrum that is of lower quality than those that are receiving good nutrition,” said Phillip Lancaster, beef cattle nutritionist. “Research has shown that a calf born to a thin cow in a stressful delivery will experience a diminished absorption of the colostrum.”To make sure the cows maintain their weight pre-calving, Lancaster said producers need to be sure that the energy and protein requirements are an emphasis in the ration.Even with the best preparation, experts agree that difficult births do happen occasionally and at a higher rate with heifers calving for the first time.“When the female and her calf have gone through a difficult birth, often both the dam and the calf are exhausted and nursing becomes a challenge,” Larson said. “This may be a time when the producer needs to intervene and supplement the colostrum.”In such a case, producers have options to consider on sourcing the colostrum.“The best option for the colostrum is to get it from the dam herself even if that means you have to milk out the cow and give it to the calf through a bottle or tube depending on how well the calf is thriving,” Lubbers said.If that is not possible, then Lubbers recommends supplementing with a commercial replacement powder or obtaining colostrum from another cow within the herd that the producer was able to collect earlier in the calving season.“Because of the biosecurity risks, I would only use colostrum from my own herd or provide it by way of a commercial supplement,”Larson agreed with this recommendation, adding: “Make sure to keep some commercial supplement on hand because the timing of when this needs to be delivered is important.”Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910. K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.

BOOR: Calves nursing

Jay Harris will begin serving as the Cottonwood District Extension Director, effective March 6. Cottonwood District has offices in Great Bend and Hays, Kansas.&nbsp; Harris’s primary office is in Hays.&nbsp;

He earned both his bachelor’s and master’s degrees in agronomy from Kansas State University. &nbsp;Harris has most recently been employed as a business manager for Western Prairie Equine Service and as an agricultural education teacher for Thomas More Prep-Marian Jr./Sr. High School in Hays, KS.&nbsp;

Extension Directors provide administrative leadership for budget and fiscal operations; personnel management of local staff; overall program development, delivery, and evaluation; and assurance of accessibility to local programming by all individuals.&nbsp; Harris will also be working directly with the community vitality programs in Cottonwood District.&nbsp;

Local extension faculty are jointly employed in a partnership between K-State Research and Extension, headquartered on the Kansas State University campus in Manhattan, and the local Extension board. &nbsp;

The role of K-State Research and Extension is to encourage the adoption of research-based information to improve the quality of life for Kansans. K-State Research and Extension is the short name for the Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service.&nbsp;

More information about K-State Research and Extension | Cottonwood District is available online at&nbsp;<a href="https://cottonwood.k-state.edu/" target="_blank">cottonwood.k-state.edu</a>.&nbsp; Contact Jay Harris via email at:&nbsp;<a href="mailto:jayharris@ksu.edu" target="_blank">jayharris@ksu.edu</a>. &nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/2/1677253834470.jpeg" alt="Jay Harris" />
 <figcaption>Jay Harris</figcaption>
 </figure>Jay Harris will begin serving as the Cottonwood District Extension Director, effective March 6. Cottonwood District has offices in Great Bend and Hays, Kansas.&nbsp; Harris’s primary office is in Hays.&nbsp;He earned both his bachelor’s and master’s degrees in agronomy from Kansas State University. &nbsp;Harris has most recently been employed as a business manager for Western Prairie Equine Service and as an agricultural education teacher for Thomas More Prep-Marian Jr./Sr. High School in Hays, KS.&nbsp;Extension Directors provide administrative leadership for budget and fiscal operations; personnel management of local staff; overall program development, delivery, and evaluation; and assurance of accessibility to local programming by all individuals.&nbsp; Harris will also be working directly with the community vitality programs in Cottonwood District.&nbsp;Local extension faculty are jointly employed in a partnership between K-State Research and Extension, headquartered on the Kansas State University campus in Manhattan, and the local Extension board. &nbsp;The role of K-State Research and Extension is to encourage the adoption of research-based information to improve the quality of life for Kansans. K-State Research and Extension is the short name for the Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service.&nbsp;More information about K-State Research and Extension | Cottonwood District is available online at&nbsp;<a href="https://cottonwood.k-state.edu/" target="_blank">cottonwood.k-state.edu</a>.&nbsp; Contact Jay Harris via email at:&nbsp;<a href="mailto:jayharris@ksu.edu" target="_blank">jayharris@ksu.edu</a>. &nbsp;

Jay Harris to Serve as Cottonwood District Extension Director 

Did you know that deer hunting was enjoyed by 7.9 million people in 2016?

Deer hunters come join us on Tuesday, March 7th at 6:00 p.m. at the Cottonwood Extension Meeting room, 601 Main Street in Hays.

Drew Richetts, an assistant professor and Extension Wildlife specialist with K-State Research &amp; Extension will give a ninety-minute program on white-tailed deer biology, space use, cover requirements, nutritional requirements, managing white-tailed deer habitat, supplemental feeding and managing white-tailed deer populations.

A meal will be provided for only $5.00 per person, payable at the door. RSVP is requested for the meal count by Friday, March 3rd. Call 785-628-9430 that’s 628-9430 or email Theresa at tam3@ksu.edu that’s tam3@ksu.edu

Come learn how to improve the habitat and increase your chances of success when pursuing the most popular game animal in North America.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574181994278.png" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Did you know that deer hunting was enjoyed by 7.9 million people in 2016?Deer hunters come join us on Tuesday, March 7th at 6:00 p.m. at the Cottonwood Extension Meeting room, 601 Main Street in Hays.Drew Richetts, an assistant professor and Extension Wildlife specialist with K-State Research &amp; Extension will give a ninety-minute program on white-tailed deer biology, space use, cover requirements, nutritional requirements, managing white-tailed deer habitat, supplemental feeding and managing white-tailed deer populations.A meal will be provided for only $5.00 per person, payable at the door. RSVP is requested for the meal count by Friday, March 3rd. Call 785-628-9430 that’s 628-9430 or email Theresa at tam3@ksu.edu that’s tam3@ksu.eduCome learn how to improve the habitat and increase your chances of success when pursuing the most popular game animal in North America.

CAMPBELL: Basic wildlife habitat management principles of white-tailed deer

February is National Children’s Dental Health Month!

Now more than ever, kids are faced with a bewildering array of food choices -- from fresh produce to sugar-laden processed convenience meals and snack foods. What children eat and when they eat it may affect not only their general health but also their oral health. Americans are consuming foods and drinks high in sugar and starches more often and in larger portions than ever before. It’s clear that junk foods and drinks gradually have replaced nutritious beverages and foods for many people. For example, in the U.S., on average, individuals consume approximately 50 gallons of sugary beverages per year! Alarmingly, a steady diet of sugary foods and drinks can ruin teeth, especially among those who snack throughout the day. Common activities may contribute to the tendency toward tooth decay. These include ― grazing habitually on foods with minimal nutritional value, and frequently sipping on sugary drinks. Consuming too much sugar can also affect your overall health, such as becoming overweight/obese, or getting heart disease or type 2 diabetes. When sugar is consumed over and over again in large, often hidden amounts, the harmful effect on teeth can be dramatic. Sugar on teeth provides food for bacteria, which produce acid. The acid in turn can eat away the enamel on teeth. If you are eating and drinking sugary foods and drinks often throughout the day this will affect your teeth almost continuously versus eating food in a few settings throughout the day. The following suggestions can reduce your children’s risk of tooth decay:

- Sugary foods and drinks should be consumed with meals. Saliva production increases during meals and helps neutralize acid production and rinse food particles from the mouth.

- Limit between-meal snacks. If kids crave a snack, offer them nutritious foods.

- If your kids chew gum, make it sugarless – Chewing sugarless gum after eating can increase saliva flow and help wash out food and decay-producing acid.

- Monitor beverage consumption – Children should make healthy beverage choices such water and low-fat milk.

- Help your children develop good brushing and flossing habits.

- Schedule regular dental visits starting at age one.

Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt="Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District." />
 <figcaption>Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District.</figcaption>
 </figure>February is National Children’s Dental Health Month!Now more than ever, kids are faced with a bewildering array of food choices -- from fresh produce to sugar-laden processed convenience meals and snack foods. What children eat and when they eat it may affect not only their general health but also their oral health. Americans are consuming foods and drinks high in sugar and starches more often and in larger portions than ever before. It’s clear that junk foods and drinks gradually have replaced nutritious beverages and foods for many people. For example, in the U.S., on average, individuals consume approximately 50 gallons of sugary beverages per year! Alarmingly, a steady diet of sugary foods and drinks can ruin teeth, especially among those who snack throughout the day. Common activities may contribute to the tendency toward tooth decay. These include ― grazing habitually on foods with minimal nutritional value, and frequently sipping on sugary drinks. Consuming too much sugar can also affect your overall health, such as becoming overweight/obese, or getting heart disease or type 2 diabetes. When sugar is consumed over and over again in large, often hidden amounts, the harmful effect on teeth can be dramatic. Sugar on teeth provides food for bacteria, which produce acid. The acid in turn can eat away the enamel on teeth. If you are eating and drinking sugary foods and drinks often throughout the day this will affect your teeth almost continuously versus eating food in a few settings throughout the day. The following suggestions can reduce your children’s risk of tooth decay:- Sugary foods and drinks should be consumed with meals. Saliva production increases during meals and helps neutralize acid production and rinse food particles from the mouth.- Limit between-meal snacks. If kids crave a snack, offer them nutritious foods.- If your kids chew gum, make it sugarless – Chewing sugarless gum after eating can increase saliva flow and help wash out food and decay-producing acid.- Monitor beverage consumption – Children should make healthy beverage choices such water and low-fat milk.- Help your children develop good brushing and flossing habits.- Schedule regular dental visits starting at age one.Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

KOERNER: Sipping, snacking and tooth decay

By MIKE COURSON Great Bend Post

The groundhog may have called for six more weeks of winter, but that was three weeks ago. Area temperatures pushing 70 degrees this week are a better indication that spring is just around the corner. Alicia Boor, agriculture and natural resources agent in the Cottonwood District for K-State Research and Extension, said now is the time to begin prepping the yard for spring.

"Trimming your trees right now, if you haven't already done it, you can see the branches and what you need to trim," she said, "and the wounds close up a lot quicker right now than they would in the fall time because it's actively growing."

Because of the dry conditions, watering trees and grass is extra important heading into spring. Boor suggested using sprinklers and soaker hoses in the yard to water grass about six inches down. That will help it grow once it comes out of dormancy. For trees, especially large ones, she suggests slow soaks of up to 12 inches all the way out to the drip line, or area located directly underneath the canopy, if possible.

"You can use a dowel rod or a long screwdriver, poke it into the ground," she said. "When you hit hard resistance, that's where the dry soil is, so you should be able to test and see, as you're watering it, how far you're getting down."

Using a soaker hose will help saturate the ground, but Boor said a 5-gallon bucket with holes in the bottom can also be used to evenly distribute water. Refilling the bucket 10-12 times would give the tree 50-60 gallons of much-appreciated water.

There are a few yard activities that can wait. Insects hiding in leaves in the vegetable garden will later be beneficial, so leave those alone, but now is a good time to collect soil for testing to determine how much fertilizer is needed. The Extension Office can have that soil tested for a fee. Also, wait just a little before spraying the entire yard for weeds.

"Any broadleaf weeds you don't want, just spot-treat them," Boor said. "You want to treat crabgrass by waiting until you see the trees on Broadway bloom. When they're at full bloom in about a month to six weeks, that's when you would treat for crabgrass and some of your other grassy weeds in your lawn."

Boor also suggested visiting the website <a href="https://kansashealthyyards.org/">kansashealthyyards.org.</a> The gardening calendar in the top right corner provides monthly suggestions to keep yards and gardens healthy.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/2/1677012118435.jpg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By MIKE COURSON Great Bend PostThe groundhog may have called for six more weeks of winter, but that was three weeks ago. Area temperatures pushing 70 degrees this week are a better indication that spring is just around the corner. Alicia Boor, agriculture and natural resources agent in the Cottonwood District for K-State Research and Extension, said now is the time to begin prepping the yard for spring."Trimming your trees right now, if you haven't already done it, you can see the branches and what you need to trim," she said, "and the wounds close up a lot quicker right now than they would in the fall time because it's actively growing."Because of the dry conditions, watering trees and grass is extra important heading into spring. Boor suggested using sprinklers and soaker hoses in the yard to water grass about six inches down. That will help it grow once it comes out of dormancy. For trees, especially large ones, she suggests slow soaks of up to 12 inches all the way out to the drip line, or area located directly underneath the canopy, if possible."You can use a dowel rod or a long screwdriver, poke it into the ground," she said. "When you hit hard resistance, that's where the dry soil is, so you should be able to test and see, as you're watering it, how far you're getting down."Using a soaker hose will help saturate the ground, but Boor said a 5-gallon bucket with holes in the bottom can also be used to evenly distribute water. Refilling the bucket 10-12 times would give the tree 50-60 gallons of much-appreciated water.There are a few yard activities that can wait. Insects hiding in leaves in the vegetable garden will later be beneficial, so leave those alone, but now is a good time to collect soil for testing to determine how much fertilizer is needed. The Extension Office can have that soil tested for a fee. Also, wait just a little before spraying the entire yard for weeds."Any broadleaf weeds you don't want, just spot-treat them," Boor said. "You want to treat crabgrass by waiting until you see the trees on Broadway bloom. When they're at full bloom in about a month to six weeks, that's when you would treat for crabgrass and some of your other grassy weeds in your lawn."Boor also suggested visiting the website <a href="https://kansashealthyyards.org/">kansashealthyyards.org.</a> The gardening calendar in the top right corner provides monthly suggestions to keep yards and gardens healthy.

BOOR: Now is the time to start prepping yard for spring

Now is the time to finalize plans for kochia (aka fireweed) control. Kochia can begin emerging in early February with most kochia emerging by early April. Kochia seedlings emerge in dense populations and have dense hairs that make adequate post herbicide coverage and adsorption difficult, with disappointing results. In addition, glyphosate-resistant kochia is prevalent across western Kansas, making kochia control even more challenging. For these reasons, it is important to apply pre-emergence herbicides in late winter or early spring to control this weed before it emerges.

To successfully manage kochia, an herbicide program needs two components:

1. a very soluble and effective herbicide that can be incorporated with very little precipitation, such as dicamba; and

2. an herbicide that has longer residual activity, which will require perhaps 0.75 inches or more precipitation for adequate incorporation, such as atrazine.

Precipitation events during late winter are often too small to activate longer residual herbicides, but dicamba may control kochia for 4 to 6 weeks until the longer residual herbicide is incorporated.

The best timing to apply herbicides for kochia control is generally January through the first week of March but prior to kochia emergence, which can vary depending on weather conditions. Later applications, for example, at the time of burndown, are more likely to occur after kochia emergence, which increases the risk of control failure.

If it is difficult for a grower to apply pre-emerge herbicides in early Spring. A Fall-applied treatment can also be effective to help ensure timely application, and good control, however, they are not likely to effectively control later flushes of kochia.

The duration of a fall applied herbicide in early December and combined with a spring pre-emerge application in late February has achieved greater than 80% control of kochia in Kansas. These treatments were conducted in western Kansas by K-State Weed Science specialist. They used three different treatments and each one was equally effective. They were ATZ + Clarity + Sharpen; ATZ + Clarity + Zidua; and Atrazine + Clarity.

Join us for the last “Crop Talk – virtual webinar” on Tuesday, February 28th at 12 noon to 1 p.m. If you have not already done so you will need to register in order to get the link to the Zoom or YouTube connection www.northwest.ksu.edu /events

Wheat Rx Schools scheduled for early March A Wheat Rx School is to be held on March 8 in Russell at Fossil Creek Hotel, 1430 South Fossil Street. Wheat Rx is a partnership between Kansas Wheat Commission and K-State Research and Extension to disseminate the latest research recommendations for high-yielding and high-quality wheat to Kansas wheat farmers.

These two Wheat Rx schools will have speakers sharing the most up-to-date wheat research information on how to manage your wheat crop not only for yield but also for quality and sustainability, as well as industry partners sharing how growers can capitalize on high protein wheat. Detailed agendas for each school are being finalized and will be shared soon.

Registration for the event is $110 for non-members of the Kansas Association of Wheat Growers. However, members (including new members) will receive one free registration. Lunch and meeting materials are included with the registration fee. Online registration is open at https://kswheat.com/wheat-rx-registration-page or call your local County or District Extension Office.

Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574181994278.png" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Now is the time to finalize plans for kochia (aka fireweed) control. Kochia can begin emerging in early February with most kochia emerging by early April. Kochia seedlings emerge in dense populations and have dense hairs that make adequate post herbicide coverage and adsorption difficult, with disappointing results. In addition, glyphosate-resistant kochia is prevalent across western Kansas, making kochia control even more challenging. For these reasons, it is important to apply pre-emergence herbicides in late winter or early spring to control this weed before it emerges.To successfully manage kochia, an herbicide program needs two components:1. a very soluble and effective herbicide that can be incorporated with very little precipitation, such as dicamba; and2. an herbicide that has longer residual activity, which will require perhaps 0.75 inches or more precipitation for adequate incorporation, such as atrazine.Precipitation events during late winter are often too small to activate longer residual herbicides, but dicamba may control kochia for 4 to 6 weeks until the longer residual herbicide is incorporated.The best timing to apply herbicides for kochia control is generally January through the first week of March but prior to kochia emergence, which can vary depending on weather conditions. Later applications, for example, at the time of burndown, are more likely to occur after kochia emergence, which increases the risk of control failure.If it is difficult for a grower to apply pre-emerge herbicides in early Spring. A Fall-applied treatment can also be effective to help ensure timely application, and good control, however, they are not likely to effectively control later flushes of kochia.The duration of a fall applied herbicide in early December and combined with a spring pre-emerge application in late February has achieved greater than 80% control of kochia in Kansas. These treatments were conducted in western Kansas by K-State Weed Science specialist. They used three different treatments and each one was equally effective. They were ATZ + Clarity + Sharpen; ATZ + Clarity + Zidua; and Atrazine + Clarity.Join us for the last “Crop Talk – virtual webinar” on Tuesday, February 28th at 12 noon to 1 p.m. If you have not already done so you will need to register in order to get the link to the Zoom or YouTube connection www.northwest.ksu.edu /eventsWheat Rx Schools scheduled for early March A Wheat Rx School is to be held on March 8 in Russell at Fossil Creek Hotel, 1430 South Fossil Street. Wheat Rx is a partnership between Kansas Wheat Commission and K-State Research and Extension to disseminate the latest research recommendations for high-yielding and high-quality wheat to Kansas wheat farmers.These two Wheat Rx schools will have speakers sharing the most up-to-date wheat research information on how to manage your wheat crop not only for yield but also for quality and sustainability, as well as industry partners sharing how growers can capitalize on high protein wheat. Detailed agendas for each school are being finalized and will be shared soon.Registration for the event is $110 for non-members of the Kansas Association of Wheat Growers. However, members (including new members) will receive one free registration. Lunch and meeting materials are included with the registration fee. Online registration is open at https://kswheat.com/wheat-rx-registration-page or call your local County or District Extension Office.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: Pre-plant herbicide applications for kochia control

Soil tests are a valuable tool that many home gardeners don’t utilize.

“Most gardeners think that soil tests are done only to find out what nutrients are deficient,” said Kansas State University horticulture expert Ward Upham. “However, it is just as important to know if you have adequate levels of nutrients so you don’t add unneeded fertilizer.”

Upham said soil testing not only saves money from adding excess to the garden, but also helps plants thrive by balancing nutrients and helps the environment by limiting fertilizer pollution. He urges gardeners to take a soil test this spring if one hasn’t been done in several years.

How to Perform a Soil Test Upham said gardeners will need a clean plastic bucket, a soil probe and a trowel.

“The first step in taking a soil test is planning where the samples will be taken,” he said.k “Samples should be taken from several dry areas in the garden or lawn.”

· Take eight sub-samples from the same area.

· Mix sub-samples together in a clean container.

· From the mixed sub-samples, select 1 pint of soil.

“After you have all your samples, take your soil to your local K-State Research and Extension office and pay a fee to have it tested at the soil lab,” Upham said.

For more detailed instructions, visit K-State's department of agronomy’s page dedicated to soil test.

What a Test Does and Does Not Tell You According to Upham, soil tests will indicate the pH levels and presence of phosphorus and potassium – common ingredients in fertilizer. The test can also identify other nutrients, if desired.

“Though soil tests are useful for identifying nutrient deficiencies and soil pH, they do not tell the whole story,” Upham said. “We often receive soils from gardeners that are having a difficult time growing crops even though the soil test shows the pH is fine and the nutrients are not deficient.”

If plants are still not thriving after adequate soil test results, Upham said some reasons my include not enough sun, lack of organic matter in clay soil, excessive or improper watering, nearby herbicide-producing walnut trees, nearby tree roots, or shallow soils.

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910. K-State Research and Extension is a short name for the Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, a program designed to generate and distribute useful knowledge for the well-being of Kansans. Supported by county, state, federal and private funds, the program has county Extension offices, experiment fields, area Extension offices and regional research centers statewide. Its headquarters is on the K-State campus in Manhattan.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Soil tests are a valuable tool that many home gardeners don’t utilize.“Most gardeners think that soil tests are done only to find out what nutrients are deficient,” said Kansas State University horticulture expert Ward Upham. “However, it is just as important to know if you have adequate levels of nutrients so you don’t add unneeded fertilizer.”Upham said soil testing not only saves money from adding excess to the garden, but also helps plants thrive by balancing nutrients and helps the environment by limiting fertilizer pollution. He urges gardeners to take a soil test this spring if one hasn’t been done in several years.How to Perform a Soil Test Upham said gardeners will need a clean plastic bucket, a soil probe and a trowel.“The first step in taking a soil test is planning where the samples will be taken,” he said.k “Samples should be taken from several dry areas in the garden or lawn.”Then, according to Upham:· Dig 6-8 inches deep in the soil.· Take eight sub-samples from the same area.· Mix sub-samples together in a clean container.· From the mixed sub-samples, select 1 pint of soil.· Leave your sample to air-dry.“After you have all your samples, take your soil to your local K-State Research and Extension office and pay a fee to have it tested at the soil lab,” Upham said.For more detailed instructions, visit K-State's department of agronomy’s page dedicated to soil test.What a Test Does and Does Not Tell You According to Upham, soil tests will indicate the pH levels and presence of phosphorus and potassium – common ingredients in fertilizer. The test can also identify other nutrients, if desired.“Though soil tests are useful for identifying nutrient deficiencies and soil pH, they do not tell the whole story,” Upham said. “We often receive soils from gardeners that are having a difficult time growing crops even though the soil test shows the pH is fine and the nutrients are not deficient.”If plants are still not thriving after adequate soil test results, Upham said some reasons my include not enough sun, lack of organic matter in clay soil, excessive or improper watering, nearby herbicide-producing walnut trees, nearby tree roots, or shallow soils.Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910. K-State Research and Extension is a short name for the Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, a program designed to generate and distribute useful knowledge for the well-being of Kansans. Supported by county, state, federal and private funds, the program has county Extension offices, experiment fields, area Extension offices and regional research centers statewide. Its headquarters is on the K-State campus in Manhattan.

BOOR: Soil tests for gardeners

I’m highlighting a few of the 40 projects that 4-H offers and this week the focus is on Entomology, Visual Arts, and Reading.

I was fortunate growing up as my dad was the high school biology teacher so everything we did was a science lesson! Among other things, we gathered and looked at all sorts of insects. How did they move? How were their wings made? Did they sting? What did they eat? If these are interesting topics, the Entomology project might be fascinating for you. Youth learn about different types of insects, how they move, and what they eat while learning how to identify and build an insect collection. In more advanced phases, youth learn about pollinators and how to develop a pollinator garden. The annual 4-H Insect Spectacular is a great event for youth to explore and learn.

The Visual Arts project teaches artistic skills and elements, and principles of design. Youth have the opportunity to explore different mediums such as pencil or ink sketches, oil painting, leatherwork, jewelry making, sculpture and ceramics. The variety of kinds of visual arts is always fascinating to me as it teaches skills while encouraging an imagination to soar! During the Kansas State Fair, visual arts exhibits may be awarded a special designation and selected for display at Rock Springs 4-H Center or the Kansas 4-H Foundation.

One of the projects that I love to share about is the Reading project! Youth have an opportunity to explore different genres of literature, how the library works, and how to research and share about a topic that interests them. Reading is a lifetime skill so reading for enjoyment as well as discussion is a good skill to develop no matter your reading level or interest! For fair displays, youth put together a poster or display about a book series or reading in general to showcase with the judge. Additionally, we offer “Reading – creative or dramatic” at our local club days for youth to practice a selection and present it before a judge for feedback. For the top placings in each county, youth have the opportunity to present during the Kansas State Fair as part of the 4-H Communications Showcase.

If you are interested in learning more about 4-H projects, check out kansas4-h.org in the Projects section! All projects include communications skills, record keeping, career connections, and opportunities for leadership and community service!

Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910. Kansas State University is committed to making its services, activities and programs accessible to all participants. If you have special requirements due to a physical, vision, or hearing disability.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668179445671.jpeg" alt="written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>I’m highlighting a few of the 40 projects that 4-H offers and this week the focus is on Entomology, Visual Arts, and Reading.I was fortunate growing up as my dad was the high school biology teacher so everything we did was a science lesson! Among other things, we gathered and looked at all sorts of insects. How did they move? How were their wings made? Did they sting? What did they eat? If these are interesting topics, the Entomology project might be fascinating for you. Youth learn about different types of insects, how they move, and what they eat while learning how to identify and build an insect collection. In more advanced phases, youth learn about pollinators and how to develop a pollinator garden. The annual 4-H Insect Spectacular is a great event for youth to explore and learn.The Visual Arts project teaches artistic skills and elements, and principles of design. Youth have the opportunity to explore different mediums such as pencil or ink sketches, oil painting, leatherwork, jewelry making, sculpture and ceramics. The variety of kinds of visual arts is always fascinating to me as it teaches skills while encouraging an imagination to soar! During the Kansas State Fair, visual arts exhibits may be awarded a special designation and selected for display at Rock Springs 4-H Center or the Kansas 4-H Foundation.One of the projects that I love to share about is the Reading project! Youth have an opportunity to explore different genres of literature, how the library works, and how to research and share about a topic that interests them. Reading is a lifetime skill so reading for enjoyment as well as discussion is a good skill to develop no matter your reading level or interest! For fair displays, youth put together a poster or display about a book series or reading in general to showcase with the judge. Additionally, we offer “Reading – creative or dramatic” at our local club days for youth to practice a selection and present it before a judge for feedback. For the top placings in each county, youth have the opportunity to present during the Kansas State Fair as part of the 4-H Communications Showcase.If you are interested in learning more about 4-H projects, check out kansas4-h.org in the Projects section! All projects include communications skills, record keeping, career connections, and opportunities for leadership and community service!Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910. Kansas State University is committed to making its services, activities and programs accessible to all participants. If you have special requirements due to a physical, vision, or hearing disability.

BERAN: 4-H projects galore

Kansas State University’s Animal Sciences and Industry Department will host Cattlemen’s Day 2023 on Friday, March 3 at Weber Hall in Manhattan. A highlight of this year’s event will be Jason Sawyer, East Foundation chief science officer, who will discuss Navigating the U.S. Carbon Market.&nbsp;

The program begins at 9:30 a.m. with K-State ASI Department Head Mike Day giving a department update followed by Sawyer’s presentation. The morning program will wrap up with Glynn Tonsor, K-State ag economics professor, giving a beef industry economic outlook.&nbsp;

“We’re excited to announce our 110th&nbsp;KSU Cattlemen’s Day speaker line-up,” says AJ Tarpoff, K-State associate professor and Cattlemen’s Day co-chairman. “Our annual program strives to address key issues and to provide current information that keeps our industry efficient and relevant.”&nbsp;

The day starts at 8 a.m. with refreshments, educational exhibits and a commercial trade show. Tarpoff adds, “This year we have numerous participants signed up for our allied industry trade show. Hosted on the floor in Weber Arena, the trade show provides a forum for the attendees to observe what’s new in the beef industry and network with key industry leaders.”&nbsp;

Lunch will be smoked brisket sponsored by U.S. Premium Beef and trade show exhibitors. Cajun-spiced catfish will also be available. The afternoon sessions will feature K-State faculty and industry presentations in Weber Hall 123, 146 and 111 discussing an array of topics, including:&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Kansas State University’s Animal Sciences and Industry Department will host Cattlemen’s Day 2023 on Friday, March 3 at Weber Hall in Manhattan. A highlight of this year’s event will be Jason Sawyer, East Foundation chief science officer, who will discuss Navigating the U.S. Carbon Market.&nbsp;The program begins at 9:30 a.m. with K-State ASI Department Head Mike Day giving a department update followed by Sawyer’s presentation. The morning program will wrap up with Glynn Tonsor, K-State ag economics professor, giving a beef industry economic outlook.&nbsp;“We’re excited to announce our 110th&nbsp;KSU Cattlemen’s Day speaker line-up,” says AJ Tarpoff, K-State associate professor and Cattlemen’s Day co-chairman. “Our annual program strives to address key issues and to provide current information that keeps our industry efficient and relevant.”&nbsp;The day starts at 8 a.m. with refreshments, educational exhibits and a commercial trade show. Tarpoff adds, “This year we have numerous participants signed up for our allied industry trade show. Hosted on the floor in Weber Arena, the trade show provides a forum for the attendees to observe what’s new in the beef industry and network with key industry leaders.”&nbsp;Lunch will be smoked brisket sponsored by U.S. Premium Beef and trade show exhibitors. Cajun-spiced catfish will also be available. The afternoon sessions will feature K-State faculty and industry presentations in Weber Hall 123, 146 and 111 discussing an array of topics, including:&nbsp;<ul>
 <li>Strategies for Optimizing Cow Herd Reproduction with High Feed Costs —&nbsp;Sandy Johnson, K-State ASI extension beef specialist, Jason Warner, K-State ASI extension cow-calf specialist.&nbsp;</li><li>Practical Solutions to Environmental Concerns —&nbsp;Logan Thompson, K-State ASI sustainable grazing specialist&nbsp;</li><li>NBAF Update —&nbsp;Ken Burton, National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility deputy director&nbsp;</li><li>Social Media Strategies/Tools&nbsp;— Scarlett Hagins, Kansas Livestock Association communication vice president&nbsp;</li><li>Beef Sensory Update&nbsp;— Erin Beyer, K-State ASI doctorate student&nbsp;</li><li>Weather Monitoring Tools for Agriculture:&nbsp; The Kansas Mesonet&nbsp;— Chip Redmond, meteorologist and manager of the Kansas Mesonet&nbsp; The cost to attend Cattlemen’s Day 2023 is $25 if paid by February 24 or $35 at the door. There is no charge for students who pre-register. For more information and online registration, visit&nbsp;<a href="http://www.asi.k-state.edu/events/cattlemens-day/index.html" target="_blank">KSUBeef.org</a>.&nbsp; The 46th Annual Legacy Bull &amp; Female Sale will begin at 4 p.m. at the Stanley Stout Center (2200 Denison Ave). Visit&nbsp;<a href="http://www.asi.ksu.edu/legacysale" target="_blank">asi.ksu.edu/legacysale</a>&nbsp;to learn more about this year’s offering and to request a sale catalog.&nbsp; On March 2, the evening before Cattlemen’s Day, the Tom Perrier Family will be honored as the Stockman of the Year at the Annual Stockmen’s Dinner at 6 p.m. at the Stanley Stout Center. A separate registration is required for the dinner.&nbsp; Information can be found online at&nbsp;asi.ksu.edu/stockmensdinner.&nbsp; &nbsp; Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.&nbsp;K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.&nbsp;</li>
 </ul>

BOOR: Cattlemen's Day 2023

American farmers are very good at growing commodity grains, but marketing will always be an uphill battle, says Stacy Campbell, Crop Production Agent with the Cottonwood Extension District.

A sorghum marketing workshop is being hosted by Cottonwood &amp; Midway Districts and will be held on Wednesday, March 1st beginning at 10 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. at the Hoisington Recreation Activity Center, 1200 Susank Road.

The workshop is free to attend, but RSVP is requested by Tuesday, February 27th. Register at https://tinyurl.com/3xaebrra Or email Theresa tam3@ksu.edu or call 785-628-9430.

The purpose of this in-person workshop will be to help Kansas farmers develop quantifiable, actionable pre-harvest grain marketing strategies for Kansas crops produced in 2023.

Following the in-person workshops there will be a series of monthly online follow-up meetings between March-August for workshop participants, allowing producers to stay on top of what is happening in the markets.

The focus of the workshop topics will be – key factors in developing effective grain marketing plans, developing pre-harvest marketing plan action strategies, carrying out a preharvest sorghum marketing plan for a representative year, review the effectiveness of group marketing plan choices made in the workshop, grain market outlook for 2023 and building a preharvest marketing plan for sorghum in 2023.

So don’t delay and get registered for the “Winning-the-Game” Sorghum Marketing Workshop to be held on March 1st in Hoisington at the Recreation Activity Center, 1200 Susank Road from 10 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. Register by Monday, Feb. 27 at https://tinyurl.com/3xaebrra Or email Theresa tam3@ksu.edu or call 785-628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574181994278.png" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>American farmers are very good at growing commodity grains, but marketing will always be an uphill battle, says Stacy Campbell, Crop Production Agent with the Cottonwood Extension District.A sorghum marketing workshop is being hosted by Cottonwood &amp; Midway Districts and will be held on Wednesday, March 1st beginning at 10 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. at the Hoisington Recreation Activity Center, 1200 Susank Road.The workshop is free to attend, but RSVP is requested by Tuesday, February 27th. Register at https://tinyurl.com/3xaebrra Or email Theresa tam3@ksu.edu or call 785-628-9430.The purpose of this in-person workshop will be to help Kansas farmers develop quantifiable, actionable pre-harvest grain marketing strategies for Kansas crops produced in 2023.Following the in-person workshops there will be a series of monthly online follow-up meetings between March-August for workshop participants, allowing producers to stay on top of what is happening in the markets.The focus of the workshop topics will be – key factors in developing effective grain marketing plans, developing pre-harvest marketing plan action strategies, carrying out a preharvest sorghum marketing plan for a representative year, review the effectiveness of group marketing plan choices made in the workshop, grain market outlook for 2023 and building a preharvest marketing plan for sorghum in 2023.So don’t delay and get registered for the “Winning-the-Game” Sorghum Marketing Workshop to be held on March 1st in Hoisington at the Recreation Activity Center, 1200 Susank Road from 10 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. Register by Monday, Feb. 27 at https://tinyurl.com/3xaebrra Or email Theresa tam3@ksu.edu or call 785-628-9430.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: 'Winning the Game' sorghum marketing workshop – Hoisington

The story of a professional football player suffering a heart condition while on the field has recently drawn national headlines, but it’s important at all times to prioritize heart health.

According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, heart disease is the leading cause of death in the U.S.

Cardiovascular disease includes all types of diseases that affect the heart and blood vessels like hypertension, stroke, coronary heart disease, heart failure and peripheral artery disease. Coronary heart disease is when the arteries get clogged with plaque which restricts the flow of blood.

The American Heart Association recognizes February as American Heart Month, a time when the nation spotlights heart disease. If heart disease runs in your family, you could be at an increased risk.

Smoking is a risk factor, so take steps to stop smoking to improve heart health. Be physically active with activities you enjoy. This can also reduce stress, another factor for heart disease. Taking walks is a great place to start and you can get a kick start with Walk Kansas 2023.

Heart health can also be improved by eating more fruits, vegetables and whole grains each day. Cut back on high-fat foods and reduce sodium intake. Make small changes gradually, so it’s not overwhelming and difficult to stick to.

Additional self-care tips from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute include:

· Self-monitor your blood pressure and know what the numbers mean for you. Know your blood sugar and cholesterol levels as well.

· Make healthy eating goals and simple changes to your diet for big benefits.

· Manage stress by doing things you enjoy. Examples include a warm bath, quiet time with a good book or funny movie.

· Who inspires you? Spending time with those people can improve your heart too.

K-State Research and Extension’s Living Well Wednesday series recently had a webinar on hypertension. The webinar had great tips on taking care of your heart, learning how to self-monitor your blood pressure correctly, and ways to help reduce stress. Check out the recording here: https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/fcs/livingwellwed/

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt="written by: Monique Koerner - Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District." />
 <figcaption>written by: Monique Koerner - Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District.</figcaption>
 </figure>The story of a professional football player suffering a heart condition while on the field has recently drawn national headlines, but it’s important at all times to prioritize heart health.According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, heart disease is the leading cause of death in the U.S.Cardiovascular disease includes all types of diseases that affect the heart and blood vessels like hypertension, stroke, coronary heart disease, heart failure and peripheral artery disease. Coronary heart disease is when the arteries get clogged with plaque which restricts the flow of blood.The American Heart Association recognizes February as American Heart Month, a time when the nation spotlights heart disease. If heart disease runs in your family, you could be at an increased risk.Smoking is a risk factor, so take steps to stop smoking to improve heart health. Be physically active with activities you enjoy. This can also reduce stress, another factor for heart disease. Taking walks is a great place to start and you can get a kick start with Walk Kansas 2023.Heart health can also be improved by eating more fruits, vegetables and whole grains each day. Cut back on high-fat foods and reduce sodium intake. Make small changes gradually, so it’s not overwhelming and difficult to stick to.Additional self-care tips from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute include:· Self-monitor your blood pressure and know what the numbers mean for you. Know your blood sugar and cholesterol levels as well.· Make healthy eating goals and simple changes to your diet for big benefits.· Sleep 7-8 hours a night.· Manage stress by doing things you enjoy. Examples include a warm bath, quiet time with a good book or funny movie.· Who inspires you? Spending time with those people can improve your heart too.K-State Research and Extension’s Living Well Wednesday series recently had a webinar on hypertension. The webinar had great tips on taking care of your heart, learning how to self-monitor your blood pressure correctly, and ways to help reduce stress. Check out the recording here: https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/fcs/livingwellwed/Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

KOERNER: Love your heart

The 2022 Kansas Performance Tests with Corn and Grain Sorghum Hybrids and Soybean Varieties report is now online and in print form. In these crop specific reports, you will find a review of the 2022 corn, grain sorghum and soybean crop, with a detailed discussion summarizing the statewide growing conditions and impacts from diseases and insects for each crop respectively. More importantly, the results of the 2022 corn, grain sorghum hybrid and soybean varieties performance tests are also shown. Corn, sorghum and soybean performance tests are conducted each year by the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. The results from these tests provide producers, extension agents, and industry professionals with unbiased agronomic information on many of the corn, sorghum hybrids and soybean varieties marketed in Kansas.

Performance of corn, sorghum hybrids and soybean varieties or brands varies from year to year and from location to location, depending on factors such as weather, management practices, and variety adaptation. When selecting varieties or brands, producers should carefully analyze variety performance for two or more years across locations. Performance averaged over several environments can help to provide a better estimate of genetic potential and stability than performance based on a few environments.

Producers, extension agents, and crop consultants can use this resource as an unbiased agronomic tool to help select corn, sorghum hybrids and soybean varieties for their operation and clientele by checking for varieties that show a consistently good performance in their region.

The online version of the corn, sorghum and soybean performance test results and many other crops commonly grown in Kansas can be found at: https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/SRP1174.pdf.

K-State Soybean School February 22 in Salina K-State Research and Extension will be offering a one-day Soybean School on February 22 at Great Plains Manufacturing, 1525 E. North Street in Salina, KS. The school will start at 8:30 am with registration and presentations will begin at 9:00 am. The presentations will conclude at 2:30 pm with an optional tour of Great Plains Manufacturing immediately following the last presenter. A noon lunch will be provided thanks to sponsorship by the Kansas Soybean Commission.

This event will provide in-depth training targeted for soybean producers and key-stakeholders. Some topics that will be covered include crop production practices, soybean breeding update, Kansas Mesonet tools, insect and disease management, and market outlook.

There is no cost to attend this school. In addition, CCA credits have been applied for. For those interested in the Great Plains Manufacturing tour, please dress for the weather and wear closed-toed shoes. Please register online at https://bit.ly/soyschool. You can also register by calling one of these contacts: Kansas Soybean at 877-577-6923; Jay Wisbey at 785-309-5850; or K-State Extension Agronomy at 785-532-0400.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574181994278.png" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>The 2022 Kansas Performance Tests with Corn and Grain Sorghum Hybrids and Soybean Varieties report is now online and in print form. In these crop specific reports, you will find a review of the 2022 corn, grain sorghum and soybean crop, with a detailed discussion summarizing the statewide growing conditions and impacts from diseases and insects for each crop respectively. More importantly, the results of the 2022 corn, grain sorghum hybrid and soybean varieties performance tests are also shown. Corn, sorghum and soybean performance tests are conducted each year by the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. The results from these tests provide producers, extension agents, and industry professionals with unbiased agronomic information on many of the corn, sorghum hybrids and soybean varieties marketed in Kansas.Performance of corn, sorghum hybrids and soybean varieties or brands varies from year to year and from location to location, depending on factors such as weather, management practices, and variety adaptation. When selecting varieties or brands, producers should carefully analyze variety performance for two or more years across locations. Performance averaged over several environments can help to provide a better estimate of genetic potential and stability than performance based on a few environments.Producers, extension agents, and crop consultants can use this resource as an unbiased agronomic tool to help select corn, sorghum hybrids and soybean varieties for their operation and clientele by checking for varieties that show a consistently good performance in their region.The online version of the corn, sorghum and soybean performance test results and many other crops commonly grown in Kansas can be found at: https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/SRP1174.pdf.K-State Soybean School February 22 in Salina K-State Research and Extension will be offering a one-day Soybean School on February 22 at Great Plains Manufacturing, 1525 E. North Street in Salina, KS. The school will start at 8:30 am with registration and presentations will begin at 9:00 am. The presentations will conclude at 2:30 pm with an optional tour of Great Plains Manufacturing immediately following the last presenter. A noon lunch will be provided thanks to sponsorship by the Kansas Soybean Commission.This event will provide in-depth training targeted for soybean producers and key-stakeholders. Some topics that will be covered include crop production practices, soybean breeding update, Kansas Mesonet tools, insect and disease management, and market outlook.There is no cost to attend this school. In addition, CCA credits have been applied for. For those interested in the Great Plains Manufacturing tour, please dress for the weather and wear closed-toed shoes. Please register online at https://bit.ly/soyschool. You can also register by calling one of these contacts: Kansas Soybean at 877-577-6923; Jay Wisbey at 785-309-5850; or K-State Extension Agronomy at 785-532-0400.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: KS Performance Tests with corn, grain sorghum and soybeans report

It’s still nearly three months before Kansas gardeners begin to put tomato plants into the ground. Kansas State University horticulture expert Ward Upham says that’s an opportunity for gardeners to set themselves up for a bountiful season.&nbsp;&nbsp;

“Most of the varieties available to home gardeners are either indeterminate or semi-determinate,” Upham said.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Indeterminate plants are traditional tomatoes that never stop growing. They are capable of producing fruit throughout the season unless disease stops production or frost kills the plant.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Semi-determinate plants are more compact, but also are capable of producing fruit throughout the season. Another classification is known as determinate, or those varieties that produce one large crop but then virtually nothing afterwards.&nbsp;&nbsp;

“Gardeners with limited space will likely prefer indeterminate or semi-determinate types to stretch out the harvest season,” Upham said. “If there is space, you may want to grow a combination of all three, with the determinates used to produce a large harvest for canning or tomato juice, and the remainder for fresh eating.”&nbsp;&nbsp;

In Kansas, tomatoes are generally planted in early- to mid-May, or when daytime temperatures are above 70 degrees Fahrenheit and the state has passed the frost-free date. In some areas, such as the northwest part of the state, conditions might not be right for planting tomatoes until the middle of May or a bit later, according to Upham.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Even though indeterminate and semi-determinate varieties produce fruit throughout the season, “our hot Kansas summers often cause a dry spell in production in both types,” Upham said.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Tomatoes are less likely to set fruit when night temperatures remain above 75 F and day temperatures are above 95 F. Hot, dry winds make the situation worse, Upham said.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.&nbsp;K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/6/1592579538317.png" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District." />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District.</figcaption>
 </figure>It’s still nearly three months before Kansas gardeners begin to put tomato plants into the ground. Kansas State University horticulture expert Ward Upham says that’s an opportunity for gardeners to set themselves up for a bountiful season.&nbsp;&nbsp;“Most of the varieties available to home gardeners are either indeterminate or semi-determinate,” Upham said.&nbsp;&nbsp;Indeterminate plants are traditional tomatoes that never stop growing. They are capable of producing fruit throughout the season unless disease stops production or frost kills the plant.&nbsp;&nbsp;Semi-determinate plants are more compact, but also are capable of producing fruit throughout the season. Another classification is known as determinate, or those varieties that produce one large crop but then virtually nothing afterwards.&nbsp;&nbsp;“Gardeners with limited space will likely prefer indeterminate or semi-determinate types to stretch out the harvest season,” Upham said. “If there is space, you may want to grow a combination of all three, with the determinates used to produce a large harvest for canning or tomato juice, and the remainder for fresh eating.”&nbsp;&nbsp;In Kansas, tomatoes are generally planted in early- to mid-May, or when daytime temperatures are above 70 degrees Fahrenheit and the state has passed the frost-free date. In some areas, such as the northwest part of the state, conditions might not be right for planting tomatoes until the middle of May or a bit later, according to Upham.&nbsp;&nbsp;Even though indeterminate and semi-determinate varieties produce fruit throughout the season, “our hot Kansas summers often cause a dry spell in production in both types,” Upham said.&nbsp;&nbsp;Tomatoes are less likely to set fruit when night temperatures remain above 75 F and day temperatures are above 95 F. Hot, dry winds make the situation worse, Upham said.&nbsp;&nbsp;Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.&nbsp;K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.&nbsp;

BOOR: Tomato planting

4-H offers 40 different project areas for youth to explore and learn! I’d like to highlight a few of them over the next few weeks.

The Foods and Nutrition project is about much more than the cookies, cakes, and pies that you see on display during the fair. The Foods and Nutrition project provides opportunities for youth to learn the basics of measuring, following a recipe, and kitchen safety. As youth advance through the project, they learn about terminology, food safety, food labels/nutrition, and budgeting. We encourage youth to be active participants in planning and preparing meals at home as necessary life skills; it just isn’t feasible to bring a casserole to the fair!

For youth interested in the outdoors, the Wildlife project provides opportunities to learn about wildlife behavior, habitat requirements, how wildlife species fit into nature’s scheme, how they are managed, and how they relate to humans. Youth progress through learning about reptiles and amphibians, about habitat, and about birds through more advanced topics of the importance of insects and flowers, identifying seed shapes, characteristics of mammals, the significance of wetlands, and the effect of humans on wildlife habitat. We have an excellent resource in the Kansas Wetlands Education Center to reinforce these learning opportunities as well as Kansas 4-H events such as the annual Insect Spectacular!

Photography is a project that has changed a bit over the years as the quality of cell phone cameras has dramatically improved. Photography was one of my own favorite projects and I bought my first good camera when I graduated from high school. It was a sad day when Dale Riggs had to tell me that he could no longer repair my trusty Minolta which had captured thousands of photos and was utilized during my journalism course of study! Photography is about much more than hitting the button on your phone to take quality pictures that share a story. The photography project walks youth through the basics of how a camera works, basic composition, and organizing a photo story to learning shutter speeds, the Rule of Thirds, and the differences between normal, wide angle, telephoto, and zoom. Additional 4-H events include annual Shutterbugs workshops for youth to learn, practice, and explore!

I hope this sparks an interest in a youth in your world and gives you more information as you look at 4-H projects showcased during the county fair.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668179445671.jpeg" alt="written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Michelle Beran - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>4-H offers 40 different project areas for youth to explore and learn! I’d like to highlight a few of them over the next few weeks.The Foods and Nutrition project is about much more than the cookies, cakes, and pies that you see on display during the fair. The Foods and Nutrition project provides opportunities for youth to learn the basics of measuring, following a recipe, and kitchen safety. As youth advance through the project, they learn about terminology, food safety, food labels/nutrition, and budgeting. We encourage youth to be active participants in planning and preparing meals at home as necessary life skills; it just isn’t feasible to bring a casserole to the fair!For youth interested in the outdoors, the Wildlife project provides opportunities to learn about wildlife behavior, habitat requirements, how wildlife species fit into nature’s scheme, how they are managed, and how they relate to humans. Youth progress through learning about reptiles and amphibians, about habitat, and about birds through more advanced topics of the importance of insects and flowers, identifying seed shapes, characteristics of mammals, the significance of wetlands, and the effect of humans on wildlife habitat. We have an excellent resource in the Kansas Wetlands Education Center to reinforce these learning opportunities as well as Kansas 4-H events such as the annual Insect Spectacular!Photography is a project that has changed a bit over the years as the quality of cell phone cameras has dramatically improved. Photography was one of my own favorite projects and I bought my first good camera when I graduated from high school. It was a sad day when Dale Riggs had to tell me that he could no longer repair my trusty Minolta which had captured thousands of photos and was utilized during my journalism course of study! Photography is about much more than hitting the button on your phone to take quality pictures that share a story. The photography project walks youth through the basics of how a camera works, basic composition, and organizing a photo story to learning shutter speeds, the Rule of Thirds, and the differences between normal, wide angle, telephoto, and zoom. Additional 4-H events include annual Shutterbugs workshops for youth to learn, practice, and explore!I hope this sparks an interest in a youth in your world and gives you more information as you look at 4-H projects showcased during the county fair.If you are interested in learning more about 4-H projects, check out kansas4-h.org in the Projects section! All projects include communications skills, record keeping, career connections, and opportunities for leadership and community service!Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910. Kansas State University is committed to making its services, activities and programs accessible to all participants. If you have special requirements due to a physical, vision, or hearing disability.

BERAN: 4-H offers 40+ projects

Have you ever wondered what it was like to have a vision impairment, hearing impairment or not be able to smell or feel something? These are things that happen naturally as we age, yet few of us think about this until we are older. What if you could temporarily experience this to help understand what it is like to be an older person. We have a K-State program that can help us do just that. Gray for a Day is a simulation experience that utilizes an empathic approach to educate individuals on the age-related sensory and functional challenges that some older adults might face.

Recently, I had the opportunity to shadow Donna Krug, District Director and Family Consumer Science Agent, while she conducted the simulation with a high school class in Great Bend. The class was very engaged, asked questions, and were good sports while using the props to see what it “feels like” as we age. There are several objectives we hope to accomplish by presenting this program. The first is to understand how the senses and functional abilities can decline with age. We also hope to personally experience age-related sensory and functional decline with the simulations. By understanding the influence of sensory and functional decline on daily life, the hope is to encourage one to develop the skills necessary to effectively interact with someone who may be experiencing age-related sensory and functional declines. Finally, we hope to impart understanding that by taking steps to improve or maintain your health now that this will contribute to sensory and functional well-being in the future.

These activities work great with people of all ages. It can spark great conversations between old and young people alike. Please call or email if you are interested in Gray for A Day presentation for your class or organization.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt="written by: Monique Koerner - Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District." />
 <figcaption>written by: Monique Koerner - Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District.</figcaption>
 </figure>Have you ever wondered what it was like to have a vision impairment, hearing impairment or not be able to smell or feel something? These are things that happen naturally as we age, yet few of us think about this until we are older. What if you could temporarily experience this to help understand what it is like to be an older person. We have a K-State program that can help us do just that. Gray for a Day is a simulation experience that utilizes an empathic approach to educate individuals on the age-related sensory and functional challenges that some older adults might face.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/2/1675352231823.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>Recently, I had the opportunity to shadow Donna Krug, District Director and Family Consumer Science Agent, while she conducted the simulation with a high school class in Great Bend. The class was very engaged, asked questions, and were good sports while using the props to see what it “feels like” as we age. There are several objectives we hope to accomplish by presenting this program. The first is to understand how the senses and functional abilities can decline with age. We also hope to personally experience age-related sensory and functional decline with the simulations. By understanding the influence of sensory and functional decline on daily life, the hope is to encourage one to develop the skills necessary to effectively interact with someone who may be experiencing age-related sensory and functional declines. Finally, we hope to impart understanding that by taking steps to improve or maintain your health now that this will contribute to sensory and functional well-being in the future.These activities work great with people of all ages. It can spark great conversations between old and young people alike. Please call or email if you are interested in Gray for A Day presentation for your class or organization.Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

KOERNER: What does it feel like to age?

A series of weed management schools will take place in northwest and north central Kansas and are hosted by local K-State Research &amp; Extension county and district offices.

February 15th Sharon Springs – 9:00 a.m. to Noon (MTN time zone) Community activity building

February 15th Atwood – 4:30 p.m. to 7:30 p.m. Rawlins county fairgrounds

February 16th Kensington – 9:00 a.m. to Noon First St John’s Lutheran Church

February 16th Russell – 3:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. Meridy’s Restaurant &amp; Lounge

The workshops will be presented by speakers from Kansas State University and University of Nebraska.

Topics will cover applications and adjuvant considerations in drought conditions, tumble windmill grass management, herbicide – tolerant grain sorghum update along with a question and answer session. So be sure and bring all your questions with you! 3 CCA credits have been applied for.

There is no cost for the meetings, however, pre-registration is requested by Wednesday, Feburary 10th, for all meetings either online, https://bit.ly/2023NWWeedSchools or by calling either Cottonwood District 785-628-9430 or Midway District 785-472-4442.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/1/1578070283981.png" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>A series of weed management schools will take place in northwest and north central Kansas and are hosted by local K-State Research &amp; Extension county and district offices.The meeting schedule is as follows:February 15th Sharon Springs – 9:00 a.m. to Noon (MTN time zone) Community activity buildingFebruary 15th Atwood – 4:30 p.m. to 7:30 p.m. Rawlins county fairgroundsFebruary 16th Kensington – 9:00 a.m. to Noon First St John’s Lutheran ChurchFebruary 16th Russell – 3:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. Meridy’s Restaurant &amp; LoungeThe workshops will be presented by speakers from Kansas State University and University of Nebraska.Topics will cover applications and adjuvant considerations in drought conditions, tumble windmill grass management, herbicide – tolerant grain sorghum update along with a question and answer session. So be sure and bring all your questions with you! 3 CCA credits have been applied for.There is no cost for the meetings, however, pre-registration is requested by Wednesday, Feburary 10th, for all meetings either online, https://bit.ly/2023NWWeedSchools or by calling either Cottonwood District 785-628-9430 or Midway District 785-472-4442.

CAMPBELL: K-State weed management schools coming up

Even during the heart of winter, a popular online gardening series is drawing hundreds of Kansans to its monthly, lunch-hour programs.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Organizers of the&nbsp;<a href="http://www.ksre-learn.com/KStateGardenHour" target="_blank">K-State Garden Hour</a>&nbsp;say the 2023 lineup – which kicked off on Jan. 4 – will continue a tradition of providing updated information on gardening topics that Kansans have asked for.&nbsp;&nbsp;

“We are excited to offer a new round of webinars in 2023, based on the topics our participants requested most,” said Matthew McKernan, a K-State Research and Extension horticulture agent in Sedgwick County. “There’s no better time than the cold, winter months to be planning for the coming year’s garden.”&nbsp;&nbsp;

A&nbsp;<a href="https://ksu.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_lXljvtedRu-pvfFA6Kzvxw" target="_blank">one-time registration</a>&nbsp;gives viewers free access to all of the 2023 sessions, which include:&nbsp;&nbsp;

Each program is held online from 12 noon to 1 p.m. (CST), including a 45 minute presentation and 10-15 minutes for viewer questions.&nbsp;&nbsp;

McKernan said those who have registered for past webinars must register again for the 2023 series. As in past years, recordings of all webinars can be viewed online.&nbsp;&nbsp;

The K-State Garden Hour began in the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic as a way for K-State Research and Extension horticulture experts to share research-based information to gardeners of all abilities and experience.&nbsp;&nbsp;

It has blossomed into a program that, in 2022, was watched by viewers in 40&nbsp;states, eight countries and four continents, according to McKernan. Between January and December, the program drew 12,924 viewers, including a single-session high of 932 live viewers for a workshop on starting seeds indoors.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Since its beginning in 2020, McKernan said the K-State Garden Hour has drawn more than 42,000 online viewers.&nbsp;&nbsp;

&nbsp;“It’s incredible to see the impact and positive response from our K-State Garden Hour series audience,” McKernan said. “Our entire team has enjoyed hosting the webinar series, and we’re ecstatic to see people’s confidence in gardening growing, as well as to see our participants’ having greater success in what they are growing.&nbsp;&nbsp;

“We hope that enthusiasm continues into 2023 and people continue to take advantage of all the benefits this series has to offer.”&nbsp;&nbsp;

In addition to information online, interested persons can also&nbsp;<a href="https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/about/statewide-locations.html" target="_blank">contact their local K-State Research and Extension office</a>&nbsp;for more details on the K-State Garden Hour.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.&nbsp;K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>Even during the heart of winter, a popular online gardening series is drawing hundreds of Kansans to its monthly, lunch-hour programs.&nbsp;&nbsp;Organizers of the&nbsp;<a href="http://www.ksre-learn.com/KStateGardenHour" target="_blank">K-State Garden Hour</a>&nbsp;say the 2023 lineup – which kicked off on Jan. 4 – will continue a tradition of providing updated information on gardening topics that Kansans have asked for.&nbsp;&nbsp;“We are excited to offer a new round of webinars in 2023, based on the topics our participants requested most,” said Matthew McKernan, a K-State Research and Extension horticulture agent in Sedgwick County. “There’s no better time than the cold, winter months to be planning for the coming year’s garden.”&nbsp;&nbsp;A&nbsp;<a href="https://ksu.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_lXljvtedRu-pvfFA6Kzvxw" target="_blank">one-time registration</a>&nbsp;gives viewers free access to all of the 2023 sessions, which include:&nbsp;&nbsp;<ul>
 <li>March 1 – Houseplants: Basics and Beyond.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>April 5 – Growing to New Heights with Vertical Gardening.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>May 3 – Drought Tolerant Plants for a Challenging Kansas Landscape.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>June 7 – Drought Tolerant Lawns of Kansas: Warm Season Turfgrass.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>July 5 – Solutions to Your Top Garden Insect and Disease Problems.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Aug. 2 – Integrating Native Plants Into Your Home Landscape.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Sept. 6 – Seed Saving From Your Garden.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Oct. 4 – Putting Your Garden to Bed: Winter Garden Prep.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Nov. 1 – Climate Change in Gardening.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Dec. 6 – Beekeeping Basics: How to Start Your Own Colony.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li>
 </ul>Each program is held online from 12 noon to 1 p.m. (CST), including a 45 minute presentation and 10-15 minutes for viewer questions.&nbsp;&nbsp;McKernan said those who have registered for past webinars must register again for the 2023 series. As in past years, recordings of all webinars can be viewed online.&nbsp;&nbsp;The K-State Garden Hour began in the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic as a way for K-State Research and Extension horticulture experts to share research-based information to gardeners of all abilities and experience.&nbsp;&nbsp;It has blossomed into a program that, in 2022, was watched by viewers in 40&nbsp;states, eight countries and four continents, according to McKernan. Between January and December, the program drew 12,924 viewers, including a single-session high of 932 live viewers for a workshop on starting seeds indoors.&nbsp;&nbsp;Since its beginning in 2020, McKernan said the K-State Garden Hour has drawn more than 42,000 online viewers.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;“It’s incredible to see the impact and positive response from our K-State Garden Hour series audience,” McKernan said. “Our entire team has enjoyed hosting the webinar series, and we’re ecstatic to see people’s confidence in gardening growing, as well as to see our participants’ having greater success in what they are growing.&nbsp;&nbsp;“We hope that enthusiasm continues into 2023 and people continue to take advantage of all the benefits this series has to offer.”&nbsp;&nbsp;In addition to information online, interested persons can also&nbsp;<a href="https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/about/statewide-locations.html" target="_blank">contact their local K-State Research and Extension office</a>&nbsp;for more details on the K-State Garden Hour.&nbsp;&nbsp;Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.&nbsp;K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.

BOOR: Garden Hour program

NC and NW Extension Districts and counties of K-State Research and Extension again will be hosting an ONLINE agronomy series, “Crop Talk”, slated to begin Tuesday, February 7 through Tuesday, February 28, which will highlight several topics important to crop producers. These will be on Tuesdays and each session will be held from Noon to 1:00 p.m. CST.

Planned topics of discussion include Spring annual forages to fill the gap in cattle feed, Climate smart Agriculture, What’s the Buzz?, Alternative Weed control Research from KS, and Corn Tillers: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly. There will also be time for questions between Kansas crop producers and extension specialists at each of the sessions. Register ONLINE at https://www.northwest.k-state.edu/events/ or call the Cottonwood Extension Office in Hays 785-628-9430 or email Theresa tam3@ksul.edu Once you register, a link to the ONLINE sessions will be emailed to you. CCA credits have been applied for with 1 credit for each session.

K-State Weed Management Schools Coming Up February 15 and 16

With the drought and hot temperatures this last summer, farmers and agri-business retailers had some challenges in controlling difficult weeds. To address the topic of weed control, K-State Research and extension has scheduled four regional weed control programs in February. This program has been designed to help producers and agri-business retailers to improve weed control in challenging weather conditions.

The workshops will be presented by speakers from Kansas State University and University of Nebraska. Sarah Lancaster, K-State Extension Weed specialist, and Cody Creech, dryland cropping extension specialist with the University of Nebraska, along with local Extension Agents. Topics will cover applications and adjuvant considerations in drought conditions, tumble windmill grass management, herbicide – tolerant grain sorghum update along with a question and answer session. So be sure and bring all your questions with you! 3 CCA credits have been applied for.

Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574181994278.png" alt="written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Stacy Campbell - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>NC and NW Extension Districts and counties of K-State Research and Extension again will be hosting an ONLINE agronomy series, “Crop Talk”, slated to begin Tuesday, February 7 through Tuesday, February 28, which will highlight several topics important to crop producers. These will be on Tuesdays and each session will be held from Noon to 1:00 p.m. CST.Planned topics of discussion include Spring annual forages to fill the gap in cattle feed, Climate smart Agriculture, What’s the Buzz?, Alternative Weed control Research from KS, and Corn Tillers: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly. There will also be time for questions between Kansas crop producers and extension specialists at each of the sessions. Register ONLINE at https://www.northwest.k-state.edu/events/ or call the Cottonwood Extension Office in Hays 785-628-9430 or email Theresa tam3@ksul.edu Once you register, a link to the ONLINE sessions will be emailed to you. CCA credits have been applied for with 1 credit for each session.K-State Weed Management Schools Coming Up February 15 and 16A series of weed management schools will take place in northwest and north central Kansas and are hosted by local K-State Research &amp; Extension county and district offices.With the drought and hot temperatures this last summer, farmers and agri-business retailers had some challenges in controlling difficult weeds. To address the topic of weed control, K-State Research and extension has scheduled four regional weed control programs in February. This program has been designed to help producers and agri-business retailers to improve weed control in challenging weather conditions.The meeting schedule is as follows:February 15th Sharon Springs – 9:00 a.m. to Noon (MTN time zone) Community activity buildingFebruary 15th Atwood – 4:30 p.m. to 7:30 p.m. Rawlins county fairgroundsFebruary 16th Kensington – 9:00 a.m. to Noon First St John’s Lutheran ChurchFebruary 16th Russell – 3:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. Meridy’s Restaurant &amp; LoungeThe workshops will be presented by speakers from Kansas State University and University of Nebraska. Sarah Lancaster, K-State Extension Weed specialist, and Cody Creech, dryland cropping extension specialist with the University of Nebraska, along with local Extension Agents. Topics will cover applications and adjuvant considerations in drought conditions, tumble windmill grass management, herbicide – tolerant grain sorghum update along with a question and answer session. So be sure and bring all your questions with you! 3 CCA credits have been applied for.There is no cost for the meetings, however, pre-registration is requested by Wednesday, Feburary 10th, for all meetings either online, https://bit.ly/2023NWWeedSchools or by calling either Cottonwood District 785-628-9430 or Midway District 785-472-4442.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: Virtual Agronomy Series returns in February 202

On December 29, 2022, the following federal bills were signed into law, expanding federal protections for both pregnant and breastfeeding workers.

PUMP for Nursing Mothers Act: PUMP stands for Providing Urgent Maternal Protections. The PUMP for Nursing Mothers Act expands the legal right to receive pumping breaks and private space to nearly 9 million more workers, including teachers, registered nurses, farmworkers, and many others. The PUMP Act makes several important changes to the Break Time for Nursing Mothers law that you may already be familiar with. The Break Time for Nursing Mothers law, required employers since 2010 to provide reasonable break time and a private, non-bathroom space for lactating employees to pump milk during the workday. The 2022 PUMP act closed some of the loopholes in the original law. The legislation’s requirement to provide lactation break time and space to previously uncovered workers (teachers, registered nurses, farmworkers, and others) went into effect on December 29, 2022. The law’s expanded enforcement provision goes into effect on April 28, 2023. More information can be found here: https://worklifelaw.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/PUMP-Act-Explainer.pdf

Pregnant Workers Fairness Act (PWFA): Gives pregnant and postpartum workers, including breastfeeding employees, a right to reasonable workplace accommodations, including lactation accommodations. PWFA guarantees workers the affirmative right to receive reasonable accommodations for known limitations stemming from pregnancy, childbirth and related medical conditions unless the requested accommodations would pose an “undue hardship” to the employer. The PWFA goes into effect on June 27, 2023. This act closes a gap that left pregnant and postpartum workers without remedy if they needed accommodations in order to prevent health complications and keep working. More information about the PWFA can be found here:

https://www.abetterbalance.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/PWFA-Explainer-_-Final.pdf

Both of these pieces of legislation have been in the making for about 10 years. It is exciting to see the hard work by many in the pregnancy and lactation fields see this come to fruition. I enjoy supporting employers and employees to make these accommodations work for everyone. There are two programs in Kansas that support employers in becoming breastfeeding friendly. They include the Business Case for Breastfeeding and the Breastfeeding Welcome Here program both supported by the Kansas Breastfeeding Coalition. Part of a healthy community is supporting mothers and families in reaching their breastfeeding and mothering goals. Please let me know if you have any questions about the new legislation or helping your business become more breastfeeding friendly.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt="written by: Monique Koerner - Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District." />
 <figcaption>written by: Monique Koerner - Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District.</figcaption>
 </figure>On December 29, 2022, the following federal bills were signed into law, expanding federal protections for both pregnant and breastfeeding workers.PUMP for Nursing Mothers Act: PUMP stands for Providing Urgent Maternal Protections. The PUMP for Nursing Mothers Act expands the legal right to receive pumping breaks and private space to nearly 9 million more workers, including teachers, registered nurses, farmworkers, and many others. The PUMP Act makes several important changes to the Break Time for Nursing Mothers law that you may already be familiar with. The Break Time for Nursing Mothers law, required employers since 2010 to provide reasonable break time and a private, non-bathroom space for lactating employees to pump milk during the workday. The 2022 PUMP act closed some of the loopholes in the original law. The legislation’s requirement to provide lactation break time and space to previously uncovered workers (teachers, registered nurses, farmworkers, and others) went into effect on December 29, 2022. The law’s expanded enforcement provision goes into effect on April 28, 2023. More information can be found here: https://worklifelaw.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/PUMP-Act-Explainer.pdfPregnant Workers Fairness Act (PWFA): Gives pregnant and postpartum workers, including breastfeeding employees, a right to reasonable workplace accommodations, including lactation accommodations. PWFA guarantees workers the affirmative right to receive reasonable accommodations for known limitations stemming from pregnancy, childbirth and related medical conditions unless the requested accommodations would pose an “undue hardship” to the employer. The PWFA goes into effect on June 27, 2023. This act closes a gap that left pregnant and postpartum workers without remedy if they needed accommodations in order to prevent health complications and keep working. More information about the PWFA can be found here:https://www.abetterbalance.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/PWFA-Explainer-_-Final.pdfBoth of these pieces of legislation have been in the making for about 10 years. It is exciting to see the hard work by many in the pregnancy and lactation fields see this come to fruition. I enjoy supporting employers and employees to make these accommodations work for everyone. There are two programs in Kansas that support employers in becoming breastfeeding friendly. They include the Business Case for Breastfeeding and the Breastfeeding Welcome Here program both supported by the Kansas Breastfeeding Coalition. Part of a healthy community is supporting mothers and families in reaching their breastfeeding and mothering goals. Please let me know if you have any questions about the new legislation or helping your business become more breastfeeding friendly.Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

KOERNER: New legislation supporting nursing and pregnant mothers

In the next 20 years U. S. farms will transition on the average of 15 per hour.&nbsp;&nbsp;That is a statistic that is alarming.&nbsp;&nbsp;It illustrates the need for estate planning and transfer farm operations from one generation to then next.&nbsp;

According to the “Census of Agriculture”, the average age of an angricultural producer in 2017 was 58.1 years. The same report states that 66% of all who farm in the Sunflower State are more than 55 years. What this means per Ashlee Westerhold, Director of the Office of Farm and Ranch Transitions at KSU, is that, “Most of our farmers and ranchers could retire in the next ten years.&nbsp;

Westerhold will present a series of Farm Transition meetings in February 2023. She will present strategies to initiate the process for a successful farm succession.&nbsp;&nbsp;The program will also include an attorney and an accountant to discuss the legal and financial aspects of the process. The series will be held on Friday February 11, 2023 in Ottawa; Monday February 13 in Garden City; February 14, 2023 in Cimarron; and February 15, 2023 in St. John.&nbsp;

To register for the St John program on February 15th, call the 21 Central office in St. John at&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

620-549-3502. The program will&nbsp;begin at 9 am at the Stafford County Extension Office, 210 E 3rd&nbsp;Street and run until 3. Cost will be 10.00, payable at the door and includes lunch.&nbsp;&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>written by: Alicia Boor - Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>In the next 20 years U. S. farms will transition on the average of 15 per hour.&nbsp;&nbsp;That is a statistic that is alarming.&nbsp;&nbsp;It illustrates the need for estate planning and transfer farm operations from one generation to then next.&nbsp;According to the “Census of Agriculture”, the average age of an angricultural producer in 2017 was 58.1 years. The same report states that 66% of all who farm in the Sunflower State are more than 55 years. What this means per Ashlee Westerhold, Director of the Office of Farm and Ranch Transitions at KSU, is that, “Most of our farmers and ranchers could retire in the next ten years.&nbsp;Westerhold will present a series of Farm Transition meetings in February 2023. She will present strategies to initiate the process for a successful farm succession.&nbsp;&nbsp;The program will also include an attorney and an accountant to discuss the legal and financial aspects of the process. The series will be held on Friday February 11, 2023 in Ottawa; Monday February 13 in Garden City; February 14, 2023 in Cimarron; and February 15, 2023 in St. John.&nbsp;To register for the St John program on February 15th, call the 21 Central office in St. John at&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;620-549-3502. The program will&nbsp;begin at 9 am at the Stafford County Extension Office, 210 E 3rd&nbsp;Street and run until 3. Cost will be 10.00, payable at the door and includes lunch.&nbsp;&nbsp;For more information, contact the 21 Central Extension Office at 620-659-2149 Kinsley, 620 549-3502 St. John, or email mgleason@ksu.edu. You can also contact me at the Great Bend office at 620-793-1910 or email at aboor@ksu.edu if you need help, or for any questions.&nbsp;Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.&nbsp;K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.&nbsp;